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AP US History Period 3

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Section 1

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Great Compromise

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History

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Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (37)

Section 1

(37 cards)

Great Compromise

Front

1787; This compromise was between the large and small states of the colonies. The Great Compromise resolved that there would be representation by population in the House of Representatives, and equal representation would exist in the Senate. Each state, regardless of size, would have 2 senators. All tax bills and revenues would originate in the House. This compromise combined the needs of both large and small states and formed a fair and sensible resolution to their problems.

Back

whiskey rebellion

Front

In 1794, farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled against Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey, and several federal officers were killed in the riots caused by their attempts to serve arrest warrants on the offenders. In October, 1794, the army, led by Washington, put down the rebellion. The incident showed that the new government under the Constitution could react swiftly and effectively to such a problem, in contrast to the inability of the government under the Articles of Confederation to deal with Shay's Rebellion.

Back

Stamp Act

Front

1765 direct tax on a stamp that must be put on paper, office documents, etc.

Back

representation

Front

A basic principle of traditional democratic theory that describes the relationship between the few leaders and the many followers.

Back

John Locke

Front

English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property.

Back

The Proclamation of 1763

Front

Line drawn by British Parliament, colonists not allowed to settle past Appalachian mountains

Back

Popular Sovereignty

Front

A belief that ultimate power resides in the people.

Back

Antifederalists

Front

those who favor a weaker national government

Back

Sugar Act of 1764

Front

An act that raised tax revenue in the colonies for the crown. It also increased the duty on foreign sugar imported from the West Indies.

Back

Virtual Representation

Front

The political theory that a class of persons is represented in a lawmaking body without direct vote.

Back

Bank of the United States (BUS)

Front

Proposed by Alexander Hamilton as the basis of his economic plan. He proposed a powerful private institution, in which the government was the major stockholder. This would be a way to collect and amass the various taxes collected. It would also provide a strong and stable national currency. Jefferson vehemently opposed the bank; he thought it was un-constitutional. nevertheless, it was created. This issue brought about the issue of implied powers. It also helped start political parties, this being one of the major issues of the day.

Back

The French and Indian War

Front

1754-1763 War between French and British in American colonies part of 7 years

Back

Tories/Loyalists

Front

Colonists who favored remaining under British control

Back

Enlightenment

Front

A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions.

Back

French American Alliance

Front

Formed after battle of Saratoga when Americans proved to French they can win and French are allies because they want to damage an age old enemy

Back

Battle of Saratoga

Front

Head to head battle between the British and Americans in country side, Americans win by a lot and show they have a chance

Back

The Declaration Of Independence

Front

1776 document written by colonist elites to British King and Parliament stating independence and what all was wrong with British rule and the King

Back

Treaty of Paris

Front

1783 ended the American Revolutionary War Granted the land British gave Indians as American land now American colonies recognized as their own independent country

Back

Republican Motherhood

Front

The idea that American women had a special responsibility to cultivate "civic virtue" in their children

Back

Second Continental Congress (1775)

Front

Managed the colonial war effort, and moved incrementally towards independence - finally adopting the Declaration of Independence in 1776.

Back

Federalists

Front

Supported a strong central government and ratification of the Constitution

Back

Alien and Sedition Acts

Front

Series of four laws enacted in 1798 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants

Back

Northwest Ordinance

Front

Enacted in 1787, it is considered one of the most significant achievements of the Articles of Confederation. It established a system for setting up governments in the western territories so they could eventually join the Union on an equal footing with the original 13 states

Back

Common Sense

Front

1776 pamphlet written by Thomas Paine to get people to want independence

Back

Quartering Act of 1765

Front

Act forcing colonists to house and supply British forces in the colonies; created more resentment; seen as assault on liberties.

Back

Articles of Confederation

Front

1st Constitution of the U.S. 1781-1788 (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade)

Back

Sons of Liberty

Front

A radical political organization for colonial independence which formed in 1765 after the passage of the Stamp Act. They incited riots and burned the customs houses where the stamped British paper was kept. After the repeal of the Stamp Act, many of the local chapters formed the Committees of Correspondence which continued to promote opposition to British policies towards the colonies. The Sons leaders included Samuel Adams and Paul Revere.

Back

XYZ Affair

Front

A 1797 incident in which French officials demanded a bribe from U.S. diplomats

Back

Bill of Rights

Front

The first ten amendments to the Constitution

Back

Federalist Papers

Front

A collection of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison under the name "Publius" to defend the Constitution in detail.

Back

Thomas Jefferson

Front

Wrote the Declaration of Independence

Back

Townshend Acts

Front

A tax that the British Parliament passed in 1767 that was placed on leads, glass, paint and tea

Back

Ben Franklin

Front

A delegate from Pennsylvania and proposed the "Albany Plan of the Union" as a way to strengthen colonies.

Back

George Whitefield

Front

Credited with starting the Great Awakening, also a leader of the "New Lights."

Back

Patriots

Front

(also known as Revolutionaries, Continentals, Rebels, or American Whigs) were those colonists of the Thirteen Colonies who rejected British rule during the American Revolution and declared the United States of America as an independent nation in July 1776.

Back

Shay's Rebellion

Front

A 1787 rebellion in which ex-Revolutionary War soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high interest rates and taxes

Back

Great Awakening

Front

a religious movement that became widespread in the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s

Back