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OS Module 1

memorize.ai (lvl 286)

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Section 1

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PaaS

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iOS Dev Swift

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6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (27)

Section 1

(27 cards)

PaaS

Front

deploy own applications onto cloud infrastructure but cannot change or manage underlying infrastructure

Back

DMA

Front

high-speed I/O devices able to transmit info at close to memory speeds, controllers transfer blocks from buffer storage directly to main memory without CPU intervention

Back

IaaS

Front

ability to provision processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental computing resources but cannot manage or control underlying cloud infrastructure but can control OS, storage and deployed applications

Back

Bootstrap

Front

loaded at power-up or reboot, stored in ROM, firmware, initializes system, loads kernel and starts execution

Back

Bytes

Front

kilobyte is 1024 bits, anything with byte in it is base 2, others are base 10

Back

Virtualization

Front

OS natively compiled for CPU, running guest OSes also natively compiled; host creates the illusion that a process has its own processor and virtual memory and each guest is provided with virtual copy of underlying computer

Back

Caching

Front

info in use copied from slower to faster storage temporarily

Back

Interrupt

Front

how device controller informs CPU that it is finished with operation

Back

SMP

Front

Symmetric Multiprocessing, share memory, OS, and bus

Back

Multitasking

Front

also called timesharing, logical extension in which CPU switches jobs so frequently that users can interact with each job while it is running

Back

SaaS

Front

network hosted application; consumers purchase ability to access and use application but cannot manage or control infrastructure

Back

Multiprocessor

Front

increased throughput and reliability, economy of scale, multiple CPUs running at the same time

Back

Multiprogramming

Front

way of organizing jobs so that the CPU always has one to execute

Back

Real-time Embedded

Front

most prevalent form of computing, does specific tasks like general purpose or application-specific integrated circuits, require real-time operating systems: fixed constraints, process sensor inputs, control devices

Back

Open Source

Front

made available in source code format rather than just binary closed-source

Back

Computer Organization

Front

CPUs, device controllers connect through buses provide access to memory

Back

User vs Kernel Mode

Front

kernel mode is anytime a task is executed by the kernel, user mode is anytime a task is executed by the user

Back

Cloud Computing

Front

delivers computing, storage, apps as service across a network, logical extension of virtualization as the base for its functionality; network access to shared pool of configurable computing resources released with minimal management effort

Back

Swapping

Front

used when processes don't fit in memory so they can run

Back

Multicore

Front

multiple CPUs, each with their own registers and caches running from the same memory concurrently

Back

Trap

Front

software-generated interrupt

Back

Program counter

Front

stores the address of the next instruction to be executed

Back

Kernel

Front

program runs at all times on computer

Back

Four Components of Computer System

Front

users, systems and applications programs, operating system, hardware

Back

Distributed Systems

Front

collection of separate, possibly heterogenous, systems all networked together

Back

Security vs. Protection

Front

security is defense of the system against internal/external attacks whereas protection is any mechanism for controlling access of processors or users to resources defined by OS

Back

Client-Server

Front

many systems act as servers responding to requests made by clients

Back