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President

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29 cards

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Section 1

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John Marshall

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Government Politics

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Last updated

7 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (29)

Section 1

(29 cards)

John Marshall

Front

American jurist and politician who served as the chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1801-1835) and helped establish the practice of judicial review.(35yr)

Back

John Quincy Adams

Front

Secretary of State, He served as sixth president under Monroe. In 1819, he drew up the Adams-Onis Treaty in which Spain gave the United States Florida in exchange for the United States dropping its claims to Texas. The Monroe Doctrine was mostly Adams' work.

Back

spolis system

Front

the system of employing and promoting civil servants who are friends and supporters of the group in power

Back

James Madison

Front

"Father of the Constitution," Federalist leader, and fourth President of the United States.

Back

Martin Van Buren

Front

(1837-1841) Advocated lower tariffs and free trade, and by doing so maintained support of the south for the Democratic party. He succeeded in setting up a system of bonds for the national debt.

Back

Battle of San Jacinto (1836)

Front

Final battle of the Texas Revolution; resulted in the defeat of the Mexican army and independence for Texas

Back

Zachary Taylor

Front

(1849-1850), Whig president who was a Southern slave holder, and war hero (Mexican-American War). Won the 1848 election. Surprisingly did not address the issue of slavery at all on his platform. He died during his term and his Vice President was Millard Fillmore.

Back

William Crawford

Front

was Sec. of Treasury under James Monroe Presidency; and a canidate for Presidency in 1824 he represented the south in this election

Back

Dose of Arsenic

Front

-Emerson predicted that if we ever Mexican territory, it would be as if we took a dose of arsenic; it would be the death of US Significance: -caused much dispute over what to do with the land regarding slavery

Back

William Henry Harrison

Front

(1841), was an American military leader, politician, the ninth President of the United States, and the first President to die in office. His death created a brief Constitutional crisis, but ultimately resolved many questions about presidential succession left unanswered by the Constitution until passage of the 25th Amendment. Led US forces in the Battle of Tippecanoe.

Back

The annexation question

Front

What was a significant issue in the 1844 presidential election?

Back

Monroe Doctrine (1823)

Front

Written by John Q. Adams, this doctrine stated that Europeans could not intervene in the Western Hemisphere in exchange, the U.S. would not interfere with existing European colonies and wars. If Europe intervened, the U.S. would interpret this as dangerous to U.S. national security and take appropriate action.

Back

Peggy Eaton

Front

Social scandal (1829-1831) - John Eaton, Secretary of War, stayed with the Timberlakes when in Washington, and there were rumors of his affair with Peggy Timberlake even before her husband died in 1828. Many cabinet members snubbed the socially unacceptable Mrs. Eaton. Jackson sided with the Eatons, and the affair helped to dissolve the cabinet - especially those members associated with John C. Calhoun (V.P.), who was against the Eatons and had other problems with Jackson.

Back

McCulloch v. Maryland

Front

Maryland was trying to tax the national bank and Supreme Court ruled that federal law was stronger than the state law

Back

Whig Party (1833-1856)

Front

Formed in opposition to the policies of Andrew Jackson and his Democratic Party. Leaders: Henry Clay, Daniel Webster Major Ideas: Supported the supremacy of Congress over the presidency and favored a program of modernization and economic protectionism.

Back

Battle of Gonzales 1835

Front

Start of Texas revolution

Back

Andrew Jackson

Front

The seventh President of the United States (1829-1837), who as a general in the War of 1812 defeated the British at New Orleans (1815). As president he opposed the Bank of America, objected to the right of individual states to nullify disagreeable federal laws, and increased the presidential powers.

Back

Nicholas Biddle and Bank War

Front

Biddle is the president of the second BUS and makes it very profitable. Jackson has problems with the BUs and puts his money in state banks.

Back

Force Bill (1833)

Front

Jackson's response to S. Carolina's ordinance of nullification that declared the tariffs of 1828 & 2832 null and void, & S. Carolina would not collect duties on them; authorized President Jackson to use military force to collect duties on the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832; never invoked b/c it was passed by Congress the same day as the Compromise Tariff of 1833, so it became unnecessary; nullified by S. Carolina

Back

James K. Polk

Front

president in March 1845. wanted to settle oregon boundary dispute with britain. wanted to aquire California. wanted to incorperate Texas into union.

Back

James K. Polk

Front

president in March 1845. wanted to settle oregon boundary dispute with britain. wanted to aquire California. wanted to incorperate Texas into union.

Back

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)

Front

Treaty that ended the Mexican War, granting the U.S. control of Texas, New Mexico, and CA in exchange for $15 million

Back

John C. Calhoun

Front

South Carolina Senator - advocate for state's rights, limited government, and nullification

Back

Battle of Buena Vista (1847)

Front

This Battle was led on the American side by Zachary Taylor, and on the Mexican side by Santa Anna, and led to the defeat of the Mexicans at the hands of the Americans.

Back

Panic of 1837

Front

When Jackson was president, many state banks received government money that had been withdrawn from the Bank of the U.S. These banks issued paper money and financed wild speculation, especially in federal lands. Jackson issued the Specie Circular to force the payment for federal lands with gold or silver. Many state banks collapsed as a result. A panic ensued (1837). Bank of the U.S. failed, cotton prices fell, businesses went bankrupt, and there was widespread unemployment and distress.

Back

Vera Cruz/Mexico City (1847)

Front

American forces under General Winfield Scott made the country's first amphibious landing at Vera Cruz, a Mexican coastal city, on March 9, 1847. Before the Mexican Army knew it, 12,000 American troops were on land and marching toward Vera Cruz. They captured the city several days later. From there, it was a short, triumphant march to Mexico City, the capital.

Back

James Monroe

Front

(1817-1821) and (1821-1825) The Missouri Compromise in 1821., the fifth President of the United States (1817-1825).His administration was marked by the acquisition of Florida (1819); the Missouri Compromise (1820), in which Missouri was declared a slave state; and the profession of the Monroe Doctrine (1823), declaring U.S. opposition to European interference in the Americas

Back

John Tyler

Front

elected Vice President and became the 10th President of the United States when Harrison died 1841-1845, President responsible for annexation of Mexico after receiving mandate from Polk, opposed many parts of the Whig program for economic recovery

Back

Stephen Austin

Front

American who settled in Texas, one of the leaders for Texan independence from Mexico

Back