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Chemistry I - Solubility

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Section 1

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What are the three most common insoluble metal ions forming salts?

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6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (14)

Section 1

(14 cards)

What are the three most common insoluble metal ions forming salts?

Front

Hg₂(II), Ag(I), Pb(II)

Back

How does ion product relate to the solubility constant?

Front

IP<Ksp - unsaturated IP=Ksp - saturated, at equilibrium IP>Ksp - supersaturated

Back

What is the only parameter that can affect equilibrium constants such as Ksp?

Front

Temperature

Back

In general, what is normality?

Front

This is the number of equivalents of interest per liter of solution.

Back

What is the Ksp for the disassociation of NaCl into its constituent ions in solution?

Front

Ksp=[Na⁺][Cl⁻] The pure solid is NEVER included in the equilibrium equation.

Back

What is a potential advantage of the common ion effect?

Front

Specific substances can be precipitated out, if needed. For example, in silver salts, potassium or sodium chloride could be added to preferentially precipitate silver chloride.

Back

What is solvation?

Front

Solvation is the (usually) endothermic process of solute and solvent molecules breaking IMF's with themselves and then forming IMF's between each other

Back

What, in general, is the entropy and enthalpy change for solvation?

Front

Usually, the entropy change is positive (spontaneous) while the enthalpy change is positive (non-spontaneous)

Back

How does osmotic pressure relate to the number of particles that can dissolve into solution?

Front

The greater number of particles, the greater the osmotic pressure.

Back

T/F A solution of NaCl will be more soluble in a solution of HCl than pure water.

Front

F Due to the common ion effect, the presence of Cl⁻ ions will decrease the solubility of the NaCl.

Back

According to the boiling point equation, how will the number of particles a salt dissolves into in solution affect the change in temperature?

Front

The more particles, the GREATER the increase in boiling point fo the solution.

Back

What are the two, absolute solubility rules?

Front

All group 1 metal salts and nitrate salts are soluble

Back

What does Raoult's Law state regarding vapor pressure?

Front

As solute is added to a solvent, the vapor pressure of the solvent decreases proportionally.

Back

T/F Ksp equations may have a denominator

Front

F These can NEVER have a denominator, as the pure solid is NEVER included in the equilibrium equation.

Back