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Basic Concepts of Indian Classical Music (Hindustani)

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34 cards

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Section 1

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Antara

Front

1 / 34

Hindustani Languages

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Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (34)

Section 1

(34 cards)

Antara

Front

Second part of the composition. Develops in the middle or higher note.

Back

Vilambit

Front

Slow speed of music

Back

Pakad

Front

A small group of notes which describe unique features of the raag.

Back

Matra

Front

The unit of measurement of time in music (Beats)

Back

Sam

Front

First Beat of any Taal

Back

Alap

Front

Improvisation of a raga in a slow or medium tempo.

Back

Saptak

Front

A combination of seven Swaras (12 with Komal and Tivra) is called Saptak. There are three main saptaks: Madra, Madhya, and Taar saptak

Back

Komal

Front

R, G, D, N with a lower frequency and called Komal

Back

Jati

Front

Atleast five notes are required in each aroh and avroh to form a Raga. Combinations of five, six, or seven swaras in each aroh and in avroh are called Jati

Back

Shuddha (Pure) Swaras

Front

7 basic notes are known as Swaras. The name of these swaras are S,R,G,M,P,D,N S (Shadaj) R (Rishabh) G (Ghandar) M (Madhyam) P (Pancham) D (Dhaivat) N (Nishad)

Back

Taan

Front

Faster improvisations, compositions with only notes.

Back

Sangeet (Music)

Front

A combination of singing, playing instruments and dancing is called music.

Back

Alaankar

Front

Arrangement of notes in a pattern.

Back

Khali

Front

First beat after half cycle of Taal

Back

Taal

Front

Beat sequence

Back

Raga

Front

Combination of notes with these 5 following features: Notes (swaras)- There must be atleast 5 notes or maximum of 7 notes swaras) in a Raag Aaroh and Avroh - ascending and descending notes Vadi and Samvadi -should have a prominent and dominant note (Vadi) and another note to complement the dominating note (Samvadi) Melodious and Entertaining- must be pleasant sounding in order to enchant the listener *Key note- (Shadaj or Sa) cannot be missing.

Back

Theka

Front

"Bols" or compositions for a Tabla. Taal is an abstract form of Theka. Taal does not change but a taal can have more than one Theka.

Back

Odav

Front

Combination of 5 swaras

Back

Lakshangeet

Front

A song containing all the characteristics of a raag.

Back

Dhwani

Front

Sound

Back

Swarmalika (Sargam Geet)

Front

Composition with only notes, no lyrics

Back

Mel (Thaat)- Parent Raag

Front

The combination of ascending seven swaras (notes) is clled a Thaat. There are ten thaats in North Indian music: Bhairav, Bhairavi, Todi, Kalyan, Bilaval, Purvi, Kaafi, Asawari, Marwa, Khamaj.

Back

Avartan

Front

One full cycle of Taal

Back

Sthayi

Front

The first part of the composition. Mainly develops the lower and middle octave (saptak).

Back

Virjit Swara

Front

Unused Note

Back

Drut

Front

Fast speed of music

Back

Sampurna

Front

Combination of 7 swaras

Back

Laya

Front

The speed of the music

Back

Madhya

Front

Medium speed of music

Back

Dugun

Front

Double tempo

Back

Shadav

Front

Combination of 6 swaras

Back

Vikrut Swara (Komal,Tivra)

Front

There are 2R, 2G, 2M, 2D, and 2N in Saptak. M with a lower frequency is Shuddha M and with higher frequency is Tivra M.

Back

Naad

Front

Any sound can be divided into two parts a) appropriate to music (naad) b) non-appropriate to music (noise)

Back

Vibhag

Front

Subparts of beats known as Vibhag. Example: Dadra has six beats. 2 parts of 3-3 beats known as Vibhag

Back