Section 1
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Cache memory
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Section 1
(50 cards)
Cache memory
a very small very fast memory that is used to store recently used information. It avoid access through RAM.
Memory Data Register
Register that stores the data retrieved from memory; a special register that is used to store a value
Gigabyte
1 billion bytes(2^30)
Bit
a single binary digit that represents information with either a 1 or a 0
IDE
integrated development environment; a programming environment that includes an editor, compiler, and debugger
constructor
The purpose is to initialize instance variables within that class.
Byte
8 bits, this is the size of. a memory cell
parameter
a variable of a method that is initialized with a value when the method gets called
Initialize
setting a variable to a well-defined value when it is created
Boolean
a data type that evaluate to true or false
loop
a part of the program that is repeated over and over until a specific goal is reached; executes instructions repeatedly while a condition is true
Kilobyte
1000 bytes(2^10)
implicit parameter
Passed during a method call by specifying the object from the name of the method; it is defined as the object on which a method is invoked
ASCII
a character encoding standard for electronic communication.
Method
a set of instructions that can be called for execution using the method name. It can take in parameters and can return values but doesn't necessarily have to
formal parameter
the variable names that are used to represent a value and declared in a method header
Object reference
A value that denotes the location of an object in memory; where all the methods and variables associated with the object resides
explicit parameter
Information supplied to a method other than the object on which the method is invoked.
Argument
a value that is supplied in a method call. It is an instance passed to the method during runtime
Instance variable
a variable defined in a class for which every object of the class has its own value. Stores the data required for executing its methods consisting of 3 parts, access specifier, type of instance variable, name of instance variable
Op-code
operation code; is the portion of a machine language instruction that specifies the operation to be performed; in also includes the addresses where the relevant data are to be fetched from and or written to
Computer Science
the study of algorithms including their mathematical properties, their linguistic realizations, their physical realizations, and their application
Mass Storage
various techniques and devices for storing large amounts of data; unlike memory they retain data even when the computer is turned off
Binary
a digital number system expressed in base 2. numeral system, using only 1's and 0's
Accessor Method
a method that does not change the internal data of the object on which it is invoked. It returns information about that object
Instance
referring to a specific object of a specific type
Compiler
loads class files and interprets and translates the high-level instructions into more detailed instructions called machine code.
Mutator Method
a method that changes the state of an object; it modifies the internal data of the object
Memory Address Register
Holds the memory location of data that needs to be accessed; a special register that stores an address
Memory
a functional unit of the computer that stores and retrieves instructions and data. All information is represented internally using binary numbering system
Control Unit
manages ALU, fetches the next instruction, decodes it, executes it by activating the appropriate ALU circuitry
Logic gate
part of circuit that performs basic logical functions ultimately transforming a set of binary inputs into an output; expressions such as AND, NOT, OR
Boolean Operators
An operator such as AND, NOT, OR that combines boolean conditions
Megabyte
1 million bytes(2^20)
I/O controller
it is a mini CPU, its job is to control the buffer so it controls what goes in and out. It is an interface between input and output devices
Object-Oriented programming
a type of programming in which programmers define the data type of a data structure and also the types of operations that can be applied to the data structure
Instantiation
calling a constructor of a class which creates an instance or object of the type of that class. Overall its the process of creating an object from a class
Instruction set
set of all operations that can be executed by a processor
cast operator
performs an explicit type conversion; it is created by placing the desired result type in parentheses before the expression to be converted.
Address
a unique identifier for all memory cells. It is the location of the memory cell
Class
a user defined blueprint from which objects are created. It represents a set of properties or methods that are common to all objects.
Machine language
A program written in the basic, simple instructions that the computer understands directly. It is well defined, has a measure of success, and a well defined notion of experience
Actual Parameter
the literal variable or values in the parentheses of method class, which send or pass the value to the method being called
Local variable
declared in the body of a method this variable can only be used within that specific method
Algorithm
A well ordered collection of unambiguous and effectively computable operations that when executed produces a result and halts in a finite amount of times
I/O buffer
a small amount of memory that temporarily holds data to handle operations for the mechanical functions of the I/O Device
Object
an instance of a class; there can be multiple objects within a class all with their unique identity of values
Boolean Expression
an expression that will evaluate to true or false
Encapsulation
the process of hiding implementation details and providing methods for data access.
ALU
Arithmetic Logic Unit which does the computational/logic work . It is made up of 2 registers--> program counter, keeps track ion where you are in the program, and instruction register, holds the next instructions that the program is going to execute.
Section 2
(14 cards)