used to refer to the current instance of the class within member functions and also to call a constructor within another constructor
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interface
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a structure like an abstract class where all member methods are abstract. may not contain non-static data members
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object
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a single instance of a class and you typically use many objects in a client program. has a:
name
state
behavior
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abstract method
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one that is defined without implementation.
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int value
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%d
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class
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template for a data type
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inheritance
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allows us to create classes that build upon other classes
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has-a
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when class A contains an object of class B among its data member
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private member
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can only be accessed by the class in which they are defined. usually used w data member variables
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state of an object
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the set of values stored in data members
aka member variables, instance variables, instance fields or properties
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public members
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can be accessed by any class. used w member methods and constructors
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overloaded
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several constructors with the same name implemented in the class but they each must have a different list of parameters.
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3 types of member methods
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constructors
modifiers
accessors
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is-a
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when class A is a subclass of class B
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reference types
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those that are objects
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data members have access rights ----- and ----
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public or private
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dot operator
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used between the object name and the member name in accessing members of objects
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garbage collection
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the run-time unit's practice of clearing memory of variables and objects that are no longer being used by code as it executes. done automatically w Java
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child class
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derived or sub class built upon the base class
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super
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allows us to call an analogous method of a parent class
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modifiers
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allow changed to the state of objects. also known as mutators or settors. named with prefix set
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primitive types
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basic types that are not objects
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static
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makes a class member variable a single member variable that is shared by all instance (i.e. objects) of a class in a client program. also referred to as class member variable
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behavior of an object
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member methods and define the set of operations that it can invoke
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parent class
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original class, (base or super class)
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accessors
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allow clients to use information about the state of objects outside of the class. also known as getters. named w prefix get
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protected
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can be accessed by the classes in which they are defined and in subclasses of that class but not other classes
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Polymorphism
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"many forms". we can program and operation that behaves in many different ways.
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%f
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double or float value
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final
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keyword to make a constant
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constants
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initialized and never assigned a new value
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wrapper class
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contain a sole data member: a primitive type variable