Section 1
Preview this deck
Loose sentence
Front
| 5 | 0 | ||
| 4 | 0 | ||
| 3 | 0 | ||
| 2 | 0 | ||
| 1 | 0 |
Active users
0
All-time users
0
Favorites
0
Last updated
6 years ago
Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (147)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Loose sentence
A type of sentence in which the main idea comes first, followed by dependent phrases and clauses.
Caricature
A representation, especially pictorial or literary, in which the subjects's distinctive features or peculiarities are deliberately exaggerated to produce a comic or grotesque effect.
Hyperbole
A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement.
Irony (Dramatic)
facts or events are unknown to a character in a play or piece of fiction but known to the reader, audience, or other characters in the work
Personification
A figure of speech in which the author presentsa or describes conceps, animal, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions.
Atmosphere
The emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described.
Antecedent
The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.
Allegory
The device of using character and /or story elements symoblically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning.
Generic conventions
This term describes traditions for each genre. They help define and differentiate the different styles of writing.
Onomatopoeia
A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words,
Metaphor
A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity
Chiasmus
A figure of speech based on inverted parallelism. Just remember JFK
Homily
Literally "sermon," but can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice
Irony (Situational)
Events turn out the opposite of what was expected
Figure of speech
A device used to produce figurative language. Many compare dissimilar things
Figurative language
Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant ot be imaginative and vivid
Analogy
A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. Can explain something unfamiliar by associating it with, or pointing out its similarity to, something more familiar.
Point of View
The perspective from which a story is told. 1st person uses "I", and 3rd person uses "he," "she," and "it."
Parallelism
Grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences or paragraphs to give structural similarity.
Paradox
A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense, but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity
Denotation
The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color
Didactic
"Instructive." Have the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles
Irony (Verbal)
The words literally state the opposite of the writer's true meaning
Connotation
The nonliteral, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning
Apostrophe
A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction, and may add familiarity or emotional intensity
Extended metaphor
A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.
Euphemism
More agreeable or less offensive substitute for generally unpleasant words or concepts.
Pedantic
An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish
Mood
Gramatical modes that suggest the speakers attitude, including indicative, subjunctive, and imperative. Also means, The prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work.
Colloquialism
Slang or informality in speech or writing. Not generally acceptable for formal writing, it can give a conversational, familiar tone.
Allusion
A direct or indirect reference to something that is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art.
Genre
The major category into which a literary work fits.
Narrative
The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events
Invective
An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language
Predicate adjectives
One type of subject complement- and adjective, group of adjectives, or adjective clauses that follows a linking verb. It is in the predicate of the sentence, and modifies or describes the subject.
Periodic Sentence
A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. This independent clause is preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone.
Oxymoron
A figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. "jumbo shrimp"
conceit
A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. Usually displays cleverness
Ad hominem argument
From the Latin meaning "to or against the man," an argument that appeals to emotion rather than reason, to feeling rather than intellect.
Antithesis
A figure of speech involving a seeming contradiction of ideas, words, clauses, or sentences within a balanced grammatical structure, in order to emphasize opposition of ideas
Imagery
The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse, emotion, or represent abstractions
Metonymy
A figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it.
Parody
A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.
Clause
A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb.
Alliteration
The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words
Juxtaposition
Placing dissimilar items, descriptions, or ideas close together or side y side, especially for comparison or contrast
Aphorism
A terse statement of known authorship that expresses a general truth or moral principle. A short and usually witty saying.
Ambiguity
The multiple meaning, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.
Diction
The writer's word choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness.
Inference
To draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented.
Section 2
(50 cards)
Resources of language
This phrase refers to all the devices of composition available to a writer, such as diction, syntax, sentence structure, and figures of speech. The cumulative effect of a work is produced by these.
Subject complement
The word or clause that follows a linking verb and complements, or completes, the subject of the sentence by either renaming it or describing it. Either predicate nominative or predicate adjective
Description
Re-creates, invents, or visually presents a person, place, event, or action so that the reader can picture that being described.
Litote
A figure of speech by which an affirmation is made indirectly by denying its opposite.
Symbol
Generally, something that represents or stands for something else
Repetition
The duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as a sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern.
Literary symbols
conventional, but in the sense that they are found oin a variety of works and are generally recognized.
Language
When asked to analyze this, concentrate on how the elements of language combine to form a whole- how diction, syntax, figurative language, and sentence structure create a cumulative effect.
Argumentation
Proves the validity of an idea, or point of view, by presenting sound reasoning, thoughtful discussion, and insightful argument that thoroughly convince the reader
Transition
A word or phrase that links different ideas. Used especially, although not exclusively, in expository and argumentative writing, they signal a shift from one idea to another
Attitude
A writer's intellectual position or emotion regarding the subject of the writing. There rarely is only one of these in a passage
Rhetorical question
A question that is asked merely for effect and does not expect a reply. The answer is assumed
Narrative devices
Describes the tools of the storyteller, such as ordering events so that they build to a climactic moment or withholding information until a crucial or appropriate moment when revealing it creates a desired effect.
Meiosis
A rhetorical figure by which something is referred to in terms less important than it really deserves ("Just a flesh wound :)")
Exposition
Presents an idea, relevant evidence, and appropriate discussion
Descriptive details
When an essay uses this phrase, look for the writer's sensory description.
Prose
Technically, anything that isn't poetry or drama
Wit
Intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights. Is humorous, while suggesting the speaker's verbal power in creating ingenious and perceptive remarks.
Tone
Describes the author's attitude toward his or her material, the audience, or both
Thesis
In expository writing, the thesis statement is the sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or proposition
Persuasive devices
When asked to analyze these, look for the words in the passage that have strong connotations. Also, analyze how these words complement the writer's arguemt as it builds logically.
Abstract
A very brief synopsis of a longer work of scholarship or research. The abstract of an entire book may be reduced to a single page.
Syllogism
A deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises- the firestone called "major" and the second "minor", and will lead to a sound conclusion
Narrative technique
The style of telling the "story," even if the passage in nonfiction. Concentrate on the order to eh events and on their detail in evaluating a writer's technique
simile
An explicit comparison, normally using"like," "as," or "if."
Stylistic devices
When asked to analyze these note and analyze all of the elements in language that contribute to style-such as diction, syntax, tone, attitude, figures of speech, connotations, and repetition.
Style
An evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices. OR Classification of authors to a group and comparison of an author to similar authors
Sentence structure
When asked to analyze these look at the type of sentence the author uses. Pay attention to complexity, variety, and/or repetition of syntax.
Natural symbols
use objects and occurrences from nature to represent ideas commonly associeated with tenm
Devices
The figures of speech, syntax, diction, and other stylistic elements that collectively produce a particular artistic effect
Rhetoric
Principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively.
Sarcasm
Involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something. It may use irony as a device, and can be witty and insightful.
Predicate nominative
A noun, group of nouns, or noun clause that renames the subject. It follows a linking verb and is located in the predicate of the sentence.
satire
A work that targets human vices and follies, or social institutions and conventions, for reform or ridicule
Rhetorical Modes
The variety, conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing.
Persuasive essay
Wen asked to write one, you should present a coherent argument in which the evidence builds to a logical and relevant conclusion. Strong essays often appeal to the audience's emotions or ethical standards.
Rhetorical Appeal
The persuasive device by which a writer tries to sway the audience's attention and response to any given work.
Logos
Logical reasoning, combining a clear idea with appropriate examples and details
Pathos
Plays on the reader's emotions and interests.
Concrete Details
Either details from the passage in question, or experiences that you're bringing in
Conventional symbols
have been invested with meaning by a group (especially with religious groups)
Subordinate clause
This word group contains both a subject and a verb, but unlike the independent clause, it cannot stand alone; it doesn't express a complete thought
Rhetorical features
Refers to how a passage is constructed. If asked to consider this, look at the passage's organization and how the writer combines images, details, or arguments to serve his or her purpose
Theme
The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers in to life. In nonfiction, it may be directly stated.
Ethos
Establishes credibility in the speaker.
Syntax
The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences. Refers to groups of words
Narration
Telling a story or narrating a series of events.
Understatement
The ironic minimizing of fact, it presents something as less significant than it is. Can be humorous
Adage
A saying or proverb embodying a piece of common wisdom based on experience and often couched in metaphorical language. "It is always darkest before the dawn."
aesthetic distance
A total objectivity of a writer wherin his/her view and judgments are withheld in his/her account of human experience.
Section 3
(47 cards)