Political Geography - AP Human Geography Unit 4

Political Geography - AP Human Geography Unit 4

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Section 1

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NAFTA

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Cards (67)

Section 1

(50 cards)

NAFTA

Front

North American Free Trade Agreement, an economic supranational organization.

Back

IMF

Front

International Monetary Fund, an economic supranational organization.

Back

"Jewel of the Crown"

Front

India, the most important colony of the British Empire; Its resources, labor, and market potential made it a source of great wealth for Britain; Became a British colonial holding after the Seven Years War.

Back

UN

Front

United Nations, a supranational organization.

Back

Commonwealth of Nations

Front

Supranational organization that replaced the British Empire.

Back

nationalism

Front

Identifying with, becoming attached to, and pledging loyalty to one's nation.

Back

microstate

Front

a state or territory that is small in both population and area

Back

League of Nations

Front

Supranational organization established after World War I; Failed precursor to the United Nations.

Back

"The sun never sets in the British Empire"

Front

It was said of the largest empire in history.

Back

Fertile Crescent

Front

Called "the cradle of civilization"; The geographic location that supported the first city-states, the first agriculture, and some of the major world religions.

Back

Mesopotamia

Front

A historical region situated within the Tigris-Euphrates river system, in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq plus Kuwait, the eastern parts of Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish-Syrian and Iran-Iraq borders; Geographic location of the first states (city-states).

Back

electoral district

Front

a formal region in which citizens vote for an elected representative.

Back

Kuwait

Front

A small, oil-rich gulf state; In 1990 invaded by Iraq because of a dispute over shared oil reserves.

Back

superimposed border

Front

A border defined by an outside force that may not reflect the cultural landscape

Back

Sykes-Picot Agreement

Front

The 1916 secret agreement between Britain and France that divided up the Arab lands of Lebanon, Syria, southern Turkey, Palestine, Jordan, and Iraq.

Back

state

Front

A country that has a sovereign government, defined borders, and is recognized by other states.

Back

ASEAN

Front

Association of Southeast Asian Nations, a supranational organization.

Back

Virginia

Front

First colony in the British Empire.

Back

political map

Front

States are the primary building blocks

Back

sovereignty

Front

State control; Independence; Authority in internal domestic affairs.

Back

multinational state

Front

A country diversified with more than one ethnicity represented by the state.

Back

autonomous region

Front

A formal region within a state that enjoys limited sovereignty; Similar to devolution.

Back

Arab Nationalism

Front

The belief that all Arabs should join together and form one large Arab state.

Back

supranational organization

Front

An organization that operates across multiple states for political, economic, or military cooperation; States transfer some sovereignty to the union by joining.

Back

NATO

Front

North Atlantic Treaty Organization, a supranational organization based on mutual security.

Back

multistate nation

Front

An ethnic group distributed across multiple state borders.

Back

Arabs

Front

Large, multi-state nation in the Middle East and Northern Africa.

Back

redistricting

Front

Changing of the borders of an electoral district to meet population changes, i.e. migration.

Back

cultural border

Front

boundaries between nations or ethnic groups

Back

nation-state

Front

A state dominated by one ethnic group.

Back

imperialism

Front

A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically.

Back

unitary state

Front

Power concentrated in the hands of central government officials.

Back

relic border

Front

No longer a boundary because of political changes; Still leaves an imprint on the physical or cultural landscape.

Back

Europe

Front

Birthplace of the modern nation-state; i.e. England and France.

Back

gerrymandering

Front

Redistricting for the benefit of one political party or group.

Back

federal state

Front

Shared power between a central government and local governments.

Back

OPEC

Front

Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, a supranational organization.

Back

centripetal force

Front

Phenomena that bring a nation together to support the state.

Back

colonialism

Front

Policy by which a nation administers a foreign territory and develops its resources for the benefit of the colonial power.

Back

devolution

Front

The transfer of power from the central government to regional governments within the state.

Back

geometric border

Front

boundaries of straight lines that do not conform to natural or ethnic boundaries; Usually along lines of latitude or longitude.

Back

centrifugal force

Front

Phenomena that divide the state.

Back

EU

Front

European Union, an economic/political supranational organization.

Back

colony

Front

A territory that is legally tied to a sovereign state rather than completely independent.

Back

physical border

Front

natural boundaries: rivers, lakes, oceans, mountains, or deserts

Back

stateless nation

Front

An ethnicity that is dispersed as a minority across more than one state.

Back

Brexit

Front

"British" + "exit"; 2016 referendum in the United Kingdom in which British voters voted to leave the EU.

Back

Ottoman Empire

Front

Centered in Constantinople, the Turkish imperial state that conquered large amounts of land in the Middle East, North Africa, and the Balkans, and fell after World War I.

Back

nation

Front

An ethnic group; A culturally defined group of people that share the same beliefs, language, history, religion, and region.

Back

mercantilism

Front

Economic theory and practice common in Europe from the 16th to the 18th century that promoted governmental regulation of a nation's economy for the purpose of augmenting state power at the expense of rival national powers; Drove colonial competition.

Back

Section 2

(17 cards)

perforated

Front

State shape that completely surrounds another state.

Back

compact

Front

State shape that is most efficient.

Back

Cyprus

Front

An island state in the eastern Mediterranean Sea that is split between Greek and Turkish nations.

Back

Nigeria

Front

Africa's most populous multi-nation state; A former British colony, federal state, and democracy; Religious conflict: Islam in the North and Christianity in the South.

Back

enclave

Front

A state that is surrounded by another state or states.

Back

Madrid

Front

Capital of Spain

Back

prorupted

Front

State shape that has a protrusion in order to give the state access to resources.

Back

Catalonia and Basque

Front

Separatist nations within Spain.

Back

elongated

Front

State shape that can be challenging for communication because of its long form.

Back

Ijaw people

Front

Nation in Nigeria that controls the Niger Delta, and is therefore Nigeria's most dominant ethnic group.

Back

Balkanization

Front

Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities

Back

Mekong River

Front

Forms a natural border between Laos and Thailand

Back

autocracy

Front

A state that is run according to the interests of the ruler rather than the people; Where stability is the primary function of the state.

Back

democracy

Front

A state in which citizens vote and run for election in government.

Back

Laos

Front

Landlocked state in Southeast Asia

Back

fragmented

Front

State shape that has separations either by ocean (islands) or an intervening state.

Back

landlocked state

Front

A state without access to ocean resources.

Back