Section 1
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Which page event does Visual Studio include by default?
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Section 1
(50 cards)
Which page event does Visual Studio include by default?
The Page_Load event, because it's the most likely one you're going to attach code to.
In a desktop application, the page only gets loaded once for the user to work with it.
In a web application, the page is completely reloaded every time the server processes something on it.
LoadComplete
Some controls need to be placed on the form before changes to their properties will take effect or before their methods can be run. Do it here.
InitComplete
Changes to the view state can be made here.
When should you dynamically add a control to a page?
In the INIT phase.
What are the 5 main types of page event?
Init, Load, Render, SaveState and Unload.
Load
This too can be used for setting control properties. It is also used for database connections.
AE7: Event handling is about to start.
PreRequestHandlerExecute application event
What does PIIPLLPPSU mean?
PreInit, Init, InitComplete, PreLoad, Load, LoadComplete, PreRender, PreRenderComplete,SaveStateComplete, Unload
Does it matter if AutoEventWireup is on with VB?
No because events are not wired to the code-behind, so they still fire.
AE5: Authorization has been verified to use the cache
ResolveRequestCache application event
SaveStateComplete
The view and control states have been saved at this stage. Placing code here will affect this page, but these changes will not be used for the next postback.
What are the 4 most common application events?
Application_Start Application_End Application_Error Application_LogRequest
AE11: The request has been processed
EndRequest application event
AE6: Current state has been acquired
AcquireRequestState application event
What are the 11 application events?
BeginRequest AuthenticateRequest DefaultAuthentication AuthorizeRequest ResolveRequestCache AcquireRequestState PreRequestHandlerExecute PostRequestHandlerExecute ReleaseRequestState UpdateRequestState EndRequest
Application_Start
Triggered when the web app is first launched. Only fired once in the lifetime of the app. An ideal place to initialize variables that will be used throughout the site.
When does the Init page load event start?
After each control has been initialized
PreRenderComplete
This is a special event for binding data to controls.
Application_Error
Triggers when an error occurs on the site.
AE1: A request has been received
BeginRequest application event
AE2: Identity of the user has been established.
AuthenticateRequest application event
Session_OnStart
Triggers when a new user starts a session for the first time
AE3: Ensures authentication has occurred
DefaultAuthentication application event
What are the stages of the Page life cycle in order?
1. Compile page 2. Set request and response 3. Initialize page controls 4. If postback, load control properties from view state 5. Validates pages and controls 6. Call control event handlers 7. Save view state 8. Unload request and response
PreInit
This is where a test can be made to see if this is a postback page. Also where controls are created or re-created, sets the master page, sets the theme, reads or sets property values.
PreLoad
Not a commonly used event.
What are the two session events?
OnStart and OnEnd
Init
Buttons, labels, or the form itself, called controls, can have their properties read or initialized.
Unload
This event fires for each control found on the page. Then, the unload event will fire for the page itself. This is commonly sued for cleanup methods such as closing files and database connections. This is also where new pages can be called to pop up.
When do Button.Click events run?
Right after Load but before LoadComplete
Application_LogRequest
Triggered only when a request has been made to the application; used for custom logging.
AE8: Event handling is finished.
PostRequestHandlerExecute application event
What phase should you initialize your page controls?
During the Load event because ASP.net already knows whether the request is a PostBack or not.
What is the order for the 10 page events?
PreInit Init InitComplete PreLoad Load LoadComplete PreRender PreRenderComplete SaveStateComplete Unload
What is the PreLoad page event used for?
To change things before the view state loads
Session_OnEnd
Triggers when a session is terminated.
The Method Name dropdown box in VB is not affected by the value of what?
The AutoEventWireup value
Application_End
Triggered just before the app is terminated. Typically people will free up application resources or save logging info.
Response.Write
Used to print text or the value of a variable onto the webpage.
Which event is useful for making final changes to pages and why?
The PreRender event because all the controls will have been initialized and all PostBack events have taken place. Also occurs before saving the ViewState.
What is Global.asax?
A file on the server that, if present, contains program code for handling session and application events. These events are only processed from the file and nothing from this file is ever passed to the client's browser.
Where do the events in the application and session stages of the app occur?
These only occur on the web server.
PreRender
This is the last stage before ASP.NET starts converting everything into a web page. Make any final changes here.
What is a Page Event?
An alert specifying that something has changed on the page.
AE10: Cache is ready for subsequent requests
UpdateRequestCache application event
AE4: User authentication has been verified.
AuthorizeRequest application event
What must you do to use cross-page posting?
Change the value of the PostBackUrl property of a control.
Postback
Allows the developer to separate code that needs to be run only when the page is first loaded.
AE9: Requests for state have been saved
ReleaseRequestState application event
Section 2
(50 cards)
What does "Me" mean in reference to Visual Basic handles?
It is an alias for the current form. For example Handles Me.Load references events occurring in the current form.
What does the remoteOnly attribute in <customErrors> do?
It allows you to control whether or not you see custom errors or generic errors when debugging a page.
What does Tracing show you about your page?
HTTP Headers Execution Times Client IP address Query String parameters Cookies
What keyboard combination runs the site step by step in debug mode?
F5
How do you specify the version of the .net framework you are using?
By using application pools.
With AutoEventWireup set to false...
...the page events are not fired because the events are no longer wired to the code-behind.
How would you see a number of variables, headers, etc with your page?
Enable/use Tracing.
What do you call the topmost part of an ASP.NET web page and what does it do?
It is called the Page directive and is used to specify the coding language, the name of the code-behind file, setting AutoEventWireup to true/false and more.
What is the most commonly used Page Life Cycle event?
Load
What do you need to add to a content page if you used a ScriptManager on a master page?
A ScriptManagerProxy
What does AJAX stand for?
Asynchronous JavaScript and XML - A set of web development codes and techniques used to create client-side Web interfaces and applications.
What are some benefits of application pools?
Can isolate sites away from each other.
Which type of control always has a runat attribute and an id?
Server controls
What does the ScriptManager control do?
Communicates with the server to ensure necessary elements are present.
When do the items of code in the Page_Load event happen?
Every time the page is loaded in a browser.
How often are cookies submitted?
At every subsequent request from browser to the server.
What are several different deployment methods?
Web packages Xcopy Publishing Windows Installer packages
What is a message produced by a browser that something has occurred called?
An event.
Which type of deployment method can make changes to the server?
Windows Installer packages
Name different types of controls:
HTML Controls Server controls User controls Custom controls
Which type of control cannot be accessed by ASP.NET?
HTML controls
What is the main template page for all pages in a web site called?
The Master page. Normally contains the menu, copyright information and any content duplicated across all pages in a site.
What are query strings good for?
Can be passed from one page to another.
If you have to dispose of an object where would you do it?
In the finally area, which always runs with or without an exception.
Where would you want to place your javascript?
Javascript is executed top to bottom, therefore you would not want to place a large script at the top because it will inhibit page loading. Small scripts can go up top but larger ones should be lower.
How do you catch exception errors within a method?
By using a try-catch-finally block.
What are the 7 page cycle STAGES? (Not events)
Page request, Start, Initialization, Load, Postback event handling, Rendering, Unload.
What is application state?
A collection of shared user-defined variables.
3 types of server side storage?
Session object Application object Databases
How do you define a specific class of CSS style?
By starting it with a period. Such as .class
How long do session objects last by default?
20 mins
What kind of tag are css styles defined in?
A <link> tag.
What is connection pooling?
The process of reusing active connections in IIS instead of making new ones as people request items from a database.
What is AutoEventWireup set to by default in visual basic?
False
What is the only type of persistent server side storage?
Databases
If there are multiple style sheets, which one does the browser use?
The last one it reads.
What does AutoEventWireup do?
Ties events to the code-behind of the page.
Where would the values of items entered into the web.config file be accessed from?
System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["variableName"]
What is jQuery?
A collection of JavaScript scripts which may be used to speed up the process of writing code.
What is impersonation used for?
Allows an entity to assume the identity and privileges of another entity without restrictions and without any indication visible to the recipients that delegation has taken place.
What are the 3 main types of client side storage?
Cookies Query Strings ControlState
How would you create an exception on purpose?
Throw it.
What is the name of the file which contains all .NET settings on a computer?
machine.config - Do not change this unless you know what you're doing.
Which site deployment methods utilizes a zip file that you unzip on the server?
Webpackages
What is the difference between Response.Redirect and Server.Transfer?
Server.Transfer will serve a second page to the browser without changing the URL, whereas Response.Redirect will actually forward to the new URL and change it in the browser.
What is view-state?
A page-level management tool which is used to maintain the state of Web Form controls.
What is the most popular client scripting environment?
Javascript
What word do you add inside a style sheet so that nothing can override it?
!important
What is Authentication?
How you verify the identity of a user, computer or person.
What does controlstate do?
Stores hidden data in a web form.
Section 3
(50 cards)
cs or vb file ext
Used for the code behind files. For example Website.aspx would be the main design page but Website.aspx.cs would be the C# code-behind page for it.
How do you set a breakpoint?
By clicking the gray area to the far left of the event procedure header.
Where is the Class Name drop down menu located?
In the code-behind view of a .cs or .vb file, on top of the source code on the left hand side.
What is in the Bin directory?
Contains compiled code (.dll files) for controls, components or other code that you want to reference in your application. Any classes represented by code int he Bin folder automatically get reference in your application.
What is in the App_Code directory?
The raw code files themselves.
What happens to the list of events in the Method Name drop down list of a visual basic ASP.NET file if you change the AutoEventWireup attribute to False?
Nothing, visual basic is not reliant on autoeventwireup, therefore the method name list always contains the events related to the page whether AEWU is true or false.
Which event fires the controls found on the page?
The Unload stage. For example if you click a button it will fire that event, then fire the whole page, then unload the page normally as a Postback, where the whole process starts again.
What is in the App_Data directory?
The default directory for any databases used by the asp.net website.
What stage do buttons, labels or other controls have their properties read?
The Init stage.
What is the name of the code at the top of an ASP.NET page which includes <% %> ?
The page Directive
axd file ext
These are used for trace files when they are enabled in the web.config file
skin file ext
Used for skinning files
master file ext
Used for master page files. Default name is Master1.master
Why is it important to understand the page life cycle?
So you can put your code in the appropriate section for the effect you intend.
How many times can you use an event procedure from the Method name drop down?
Each event procedure can only be run once per page. If you try to add a duplicate event procedure to your page it will simply move your cursor to the one you already have.
Where is the Method Name drop down menu located?
In the code-behind view of a .cs or .vb file, on top of the source code on the right hand side.
What kind of encryption is used by viewstate?
base64 serialization, which is easy to decode
sitemap file ext
Used for sitemap files, the default is web.sitemap
Do event handlers work with C# ?
No, it is used for visual basic.
What is ViewState mostly used for?
To preserve form information across Postbacks.
What is in the App_WebReferences directory?
Holds discovery files and WSDL files for reference to web services to be consumed in the site.
What does a C# file need in order to see events?
It needs AutoEventWireup to be set to true.
What can you do in the Page_Load stage?
You can set control properties here, also connections to a database typically happen here.
ascx file ext
User control files
At what point of an event procedure does the breakpoint pause at?
Right before the code of that procedure runs.
Encapsulations of sections of pages which are registered and used as controls in ASP.NET are?
User controls
Where would you initialize shared user-defined variables of an application?
In the Application_OnStart event in the global.asax file.
What is in the App_GlobalResources directory?
Holds resx files with localized resources available to every page of the site. This is where asp.net developers will typically store localized messages which are used on more than one page.
What is in the App_Themes directory?
Holds files related to themes which is a new asp.net feature that helps ensure a consistent appearance throughout a web site and makes it easier to change the web site's appearance when necessary.
dbml file ext
LINQ to SQL data classes file
What stage can you place code which will not be used for the next postback?
In the SaveStateComplete stage.
What is the hidden field called that is used to send information to the browser from a web form?
_VIEWSTATE
asax file ext
The global application file, commonly called Global.asax, used for application-level logic and for defining global variables that work across the entire application.
What does Shift+F5 do in visual studio?
It continues running the page and exits debugging mode if you were in the process of using F5 to debug.
What stage would you make changes to the view state in?
The InitComplete stage, since the controls have been read or initialized at this point.
What does a visual basic file need in order to see events?
An event handler.
What is in the App_LocalResources directory?
Can be used to hold localization files so the asp.net site can change languages automagically.
What happens in the Method Name drop down list if you remove the event handler from an event procedure in a VB asp.net file?
The events disappear because the event handler is no longer present.
In what stage are the view and control states saved by?
The SaveStateComplete stage.
What page life cycle would you make any final changes to your page?
The PreRender stage. This is the last stage before things get converted into HTML by IIS.
How do you add code to the code-behind in a visual basic file?
You can either double click a control or choose an item from the method name drop down list and it will place most of the code on the page for you.
edmx file ext
ADO.NET Entity Framework model
What keyboard combination runs the site normally as an end user would see it?
Control+F5
What happens in the LoadComplete stage?
Some controls need to be placed on the form before changes to their properties will take effect, you'd do that here.
svc file ext
Used for Windows Communication Foundation service files (WCF)
What happens during the PreInit stage?
You can test to see if this is a postback or not.
Custom controls do not have an ASCX markup file, what do they use instead?
DLL's
config file ext
Most often web.config, these are the configuration files, which can be nested, that define specific parameters. These are xml files.
What are master pages?
Basically template pages, which can be nested, used to decrease the amount of repeat code needing to be used.
What does the Method Name drop down menu contain?
All the events related to the web page.
Section 4
(50 cards)
What must you remember to add to an img tag?
The Alt="" text - Example: <img src="image1.gif" alt="This is Alt text" />
What does the <sub> tag do?
Its used to change the appearance of the enclosed text or numeric as subscript, making it look like footnotes.
How do you specify a trademark symbol in HTML?
By using ®
What does ASP stand for?
Application Service Provider
What is cross-page posting?
Moving data from one page to another.
How would you reuse a user control for a different site?
You must copy the control to the new website because they only work on a site by site basis and cannot be added to the toolbar.
Why is it important to use the IsPostback property on a page?
So you can sense whether or not the page has already been initialized and therefore not waste resources doing it again. Prevents the page from processing the same code on every postback.
If you create an applicationSetting called greeting how would you then call it in your code?
By calling the Properties.Settings.Default.greeting value. It is strongly typed when using applicationSettings. It is not if using the older appSettings.
What's the difference between page life cycle events and application life cycle events?
Page events happen each time you go to a new page or reload/postback the one you're on. Application events occur when the App starts and stops regardless of who is going to what pages.
How do you get to where you can add users to a site?
In visual studio, click the Website menu, then ASP.NET configuration.
Why would you use the configSource option?
To allow admins to set a specific value without giving them access to the rest.
When creating css classes what must you remember?
To enclose the elements in curly braces and use a ; at the end {like this;}
Why wouldn't it work to try to manipulate controls with code in the Initialization page life cycle stage?
Because the data has not yet been loaded and control values have not yet been restored from view state. That happens next in the Load cycle.
Why is postback needed for web sites but not for desktop applications?
Because desktop applications only initialize once whereas web pages will initialize each server round-trip.
What kind of objects are user controls?
System.Web.UI.UserControl objects. They are saved separately as .ascx files.
How would you define a session variable called X that has Hello world in it?
Session["X"] = "Hello world";
How do you comment HTML code?
By using an exclamation point and dashes <!-- Like this -->
How do you make a global.asax file?
You must click Add New Item, then select Global Application Class.
Give a summary of Cross-page posting:
1. A simpler form of Server.Transfer 2. Uses the PostBackURL method of a web control to change pages. 3. URL changes (complete page cycle) 4. It's limited to pages on the current site 5. ViewState supported but does not include ViewState variables.
How do you comment ASP.NET code?
By using double slashes // like this
What would you store as an application setting?
Anything someone may need to edit down the road such as database connection strings and other variables.
What is camelcase?
The method used by most traditional programming languages when typing multi word variable names, parameters etc where the first word is lower case and subsequent words have the first letter capitalized. For example thisWouldBeCamelCase.
What happens during the Unload stage of the page life cycle?
This event occurs after the page has been rendered and sent to the client/browser. Page properties are unloaded and cleanup is performed to free up memory.
What is the app.config file for?
It contains the .net configuration data which is a chain of settings specific to a Windows application. It is normally in the root directory of the application that is being configured.
What namespace do you have to add to your page in order to call an appSetting?
using System.Web.Configurations
What are 3 modes of persistence for session variables?
In Process mode ASPState mode SqlServer mode
How do you specify a copyright symbol in HTML?
By using ©
Give a summary of Response.Redirect:
1. It's the standard method of switching to another page. 2. It can be directed to any URL 3. ViewState is not applicable
How would you compare the input of a textbox to the value of "myPassword" which is saved in the appSettings of the asp.net configuration?
An if statement such as: if (TextBox1.Text == System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["myPassword"]) Label1.text = "You're in"; else Label1.text = "Incorrect Password";
What is required to use cross-page posting?
The PostBackURL property must be set on the control. For example on a Button control you would set the PostBackURL to another page, then when you click the button it sends you to that page.
What is the difference between a class selector and an ID selector?
A class selector, such as t.center, is used to specify a style for a group of elements, in this case anywhere you'd use a T tab. The ID selector allows you to style a unique element. You specify the name of it and then call it in your code using the same ID. For example #id1 {color:green;} in the CSS and then <p id=id1> in the HTML.
What 4 things are required in order to configure an endpoint when using a WCF service?
Address: specifies the location of the endpoint Binding: specifies how the client communicates with endpoint Contract: identifies the availability of operations Behavior: specifies local implementation details of endpoint
What is the first part of any style sheet?
The selector
Where would you set the configsource property?
In the web.config as an option for a parameter. For example in the system.web section you could add <trace configSource="trace.config" /> to both add the trace element and point it to the trace.config file. This would enable system administrators to turn tracing on or off by editing that trace.config file, and you could still block access to the root web.config so they couldn't change anything else.
What are the two methods of authentication seen in the web.config file?
Windows mode or Forms mode.
What's the difference between AppSettings and ApplicationSettings?
AppSettings is from .net 2.0 vs ApplicationSettings which is .net 3.5 and 4
If you create an application setting where will it be stored?
In the web.config file under the applicationSettings tab. The setting will have a name and serializeAs attribute as well as a nested <value>value tag</value>
What kind of objects are server controls?
System.Web.UI.WebControls objects
How would you invert the hue, saturation, etc of an image using HTML?
In the img tag, use the STYLE="filter:Invert" inline style
How do you add an appSetting?
Through the ASP.NET configuration webpage.
Give a summary of Server.Transfer:
1. The browser is unaware that the web page changed. 2. URL doesn't change (incomplete page cycle) 3. It's limited to pages on the current site 4. ViewState is supported but does not include ViewState variables.
What does the <sup> tag do?
Its used to change the text to superscript such as 10 to the 3rd power.
What is the name of the file which contains all default settings for the entire .net system on a computer?
Machine.config
How would you use a session variable called X in another page?
Set the label or control by using: Label1.Text = Convert.ToString(Session["X"]);
If you create an appSetting called greeting how would you use it in your code?
You would have to call WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["greeting"]. It is NOT strongly typed, you must type it correctly.
How do you add a user control to a page?
Add a Panel control, then drag the .ascx file from the solution explorer to the Panel.
What do session objects do?
They hold information about one single user in the form of variables, and are available to all pages in one application.
Name the 6 ASP.NET intrinsic objects:
Request Server Application Session Response HttpContext
What is the difference between Response.Redirect and Server.Transfer?
Response.Redirect forwards you to the new page and reflects the new URL whereas Server.Transfer sends the browser a different page but leaves the URL the same. As far as the browser is concerned it is displaying the same page as before.
Which ASP intrinsic object would you use if you want to extract something from the user?
The request object.
Section 5
(25 cards)