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Section 1

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replication

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Biology Science

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Date created

Mar 14, 2020

Cards (48)

Section 1

(48 cards)

replication

Front

double the chromosomes

Back

fertilization

Front

a process that occurs when the sperm and egg combine to produce an embryo

Back

equilibrium

Front

the state of both sides are balanced

Back

Translation

Front

process of converting information in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in a protein

Back

heredity

Front

the passing of traits from parent to offspring. Ex. scientists know that _____ can increase chances for certain diseases.

Back

Chromosomes

Front

made up of DNA and proteins

Back

DNA

Front

Deoxyriboneucleic acid found mainly in the nucleus

Back

chromosomal mutations

Front

changes in the chromosomes where parts of the chromosomes are broken and lost during mitosis

Back

Variation

Front

differences in traits of organisms in a population

Back

Theory of Evolution

Front

states that evolutionary change comes through the production of variation in each generation and differential survival of individuals with different combinations of these variable characters.

Back

asexual reproduction

Front

1 parent

Back

Transcription

Front

process of forming a neucleic acid using a template

Back

egg cell

Front

also called ovum; female gamete

Back

embryo

Front

an organism in its early stages of development, especially before it has reaches a distinctively recognizable form.

Back

evolution

Front

the process of change that has transformed life on Earth

Back

homeostasis

Front

state reaches when each part of the body functions in equilibrium with other parts.

Back

blood type

Front

a classification of blood that depends on the type of antigen present on the surface of the red blood cell; A, B, AB, or O A, B, AB and O. Type O is the universal donor and AB blood is known as the universal recipient.

Back

Translation

Front

uses the codons in mRNA to make a specific amino acid

Back

gene

Front

sections of chromosomes made of DNA that code for traits. The basic unit of heredity.

Back

genes

Front

segment of dna that codes for a specific trait

Back

Transcription

Front

process of copying DNA sequence into RNA

Back

mRNA

Front

messenger RNA, brings information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm

Back

genetic code

Front

set of rules that specify to the codons in DNA or RNA that corresponds to the amino acids in proteins

Back

amino acids

Front

the building blocks of protein

Back

Recombinant DNA

Front

A form of DNA produced by combining two genetic material from two or more different sources by means of genetic engineering

Back

bacteria

Front

a very small living things. Ex. Although some cause illness or disease, many ______ are harmless.

Back

organism

Front

any living thing; something that meets all criteria of life. Ex. so far, we have not found proof of any living ________ on another planet.

Back

rRNA

Front

ribosomal rna, hold tightly to the mRNA and use its information to assemble amino acids

Back

codon

Front

each set of three nitrogenous bases in mRNA representing an amino acid or start/stop signal

Back

natural selection

Front

process in which organisms with favorable genes are more likely to survive to reproduce. Ex. the idea of __ was first presented by Charles Darwin.

Back

genome

Front

the complete genetic material contained in an individual.

Back

RNA

Front

receives instructions from DNA

Back

synthesis

Front

chemical combination of simple substances to form complex substances; in other words, to build.

Back

proteins

Front

monomers of amino acid chains

Back

mutation

Front

any change in the DNA sequence

Back

DNA

Front

nucleic acid polymer that stores genetic information.

Back

sexual reproduction

Front

2 parents male and female

Back

mitosis, meiosis

Front

body cell reproduction and sex cell reproduction

Back

homologous structure

Front

perform different functions in the species living in the different environment, or it may gave the same origin but different functions

Back

reproduction

Front

process by which organisms produce new organisms of their own kind

Back

analogous structure

Front

have similar functions but different origin

Back

mutation

Front

a change in the DNA of a gene.

Back

nucleotides

Front

neuclic acid base pairs

Back

species

Front

group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring. Ex. there are thousands of different ______ of butterflies.

Back

nitrogenous base

Front

is a carbon ring structure that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen. In DNA, Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine.

Back

tRNA

Front

transfer RNA, a type of RNA that attach the correct amino acid to the protein chain that is being synthesized in the ribosomes.

Back

metabolism

Front

all chemical processes that synthesize or break down materials within an organism.

Back

anticodon

Front

the complement of mRNA; triplet code on the tRNA

Back

Biology

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replication

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Cards (48)

replication

double the chromosomes

fertilization

a process that occurs when the sperm and egg combine to produce an embryo

equilibrium

the state of both sides are balanced

Translation

process of converting information in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in a protein

heredity

the passing of traits from parent to offspring. Ex. scientists know that _____ can increase chances for certain diseases.

Chromosomes

made up of DNA and proteins

DNA

Deoxyriboneucleic acid found mainly in the nucleus

chromosomal mutations

changes in the chromosomes where parts of the chromosomes are broken and lost during mitosis

Variation

differences in traits of organisms in a population

Theory of Evolution

states that evolutionary change comes through the production of variation in each generation and differential survival of individuals with different combinations of these variable characters.

asexual reproduction

1 parent

Transcription

process of forming a neucleic acid using a template

egg cell

also called ovum; female gamete

embryo

an organism in its early stages of development, especially before it has reaches a distinctively recognizable form.

evolution

the process of change that has transformed life on Earth

homeostasis

state reaches when each part of the body functions in equilibrium with other parts.

blood type

*a classification of blood that depends on the type of antigen present on the surface of the red blood cell; A, B, AB, or O *A, B, AB and O. Type O is the universal donor and AB blood is known as the universal recipient.

Translation

uses the codons in mRNA to make a specific amino acid

gene

sections of chromosomes made of DNA that code for traits. The basic unit of heredity.

genes

segment of dna that codes for a specific trait

Transcription

process of copying DNA sequence into RNA

mRNA

messenger RNA, brings information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm

genetic code

set of rules that specify to the codons in DNA or RNA that corresponds to the amino acids in proteins

amino acids

the building blocks of protein

Recombinant DNA

A form of DNA produced by combining two genetic material from two or more different sources by means of genetic engineering

bacteria

a very small living things. Ex. Although some cause illness or disease, many ______ are harmless.

organism

any living thing; something that meets all criteria of life. Ex. so far, we have not found proof of any living ________ on another planet.

rRNA

ribosomal rna, hold tightly to the mRNA and use its information to assemble amino acids

codon

each set of three nitrogenous bases in mRNA representing an amino acid or start/stop signal

natural selection

process in which organisms with favorable genes are more likely to survive to reproduce. Ex. the idea of ____ ______ was first presented by Charles Darwin.

genome

the complete genetic material contained in an individual.

RNA

receives instructions from DNA

synthesis

chemical combination of simple substances to form complex substances; in other words, to build.

proteins

monomers of amino acid chains

mutation

any change in the DNA sequence

DNA

nucleic acid polymer that stores genetic information.

sexual reproduction

2 parents male and female

mitosis, meiosis

a classification of blood that depends on the type of antigen present on the surface of the red blood cell; A, B, AB, or O A, B, AB and O. Type O is the universal donor and AB blood is known as the universal recipient.

process in which organisms with favorable genes are more likely to survive to reproduce. Ex. the idea of __ was first presented by Charles Darwin.