The central core in atoms composed of positively charged protons and neutral neutrons
Back
Proton
Front
Positively charged subatomic particle that makes up the nucleus of an atom
Back
Aqueous Solution
Front
A solution where the solvent is water
Back
Octet Rule
Front
Rule that atoms tend to completely fill their outermost energy level
Back
Atomic Mass
Front
The sum of the masses of protons and neutrons of an atom; electrons aren't necessarily taken into account because they are relatively weightless
Back
Anion
Front
A negatively charged ion that has more electrons than protons
Back
Atomic Number
Front
The number of protons in an atom which defines the element
Back
Neutron
Front
Subatomic particle that has no charge and makes up the nucleus of an atom
Back
Mole
Front
Unit of something
-weight of substance in grams of atomic masses
-6.02x10^23 particles in a mole (Avogadro's Number)
-22.4 Liters of gas at STP (0°C or 273K @ 1atm or 101kPa)
Back
Compound
Front
When a molecule contains more than one element
Back
Cation
Front
A positively charged ion that has more protons than electrons
Back
Element
Front
Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance by ordinary chemical means
Back
Molecule
Front
Group of atoms held together by energy in a stable association (chemical bond)
Back
Electron
Front
Negatively charged subatomic particles located in orbitals around the nucleus of an atom
Back
Electronegativity
Front
The tendency of an ion to take an electron
-increases up periodic table and to the right
-different electronegativity creates polar covalent bonds
Back
Atom
Front
The smallest unit of an element that contains all the characteristics of that atom; the building blocks of matter
Back
Matter
Front
Any substance that has mass and occupies space
Back
Isotope
Front
Atoms of an element with different number of neutrons; these have same chemical properties but different masses and may be radioactive
Back
Ion
Front
Atoms in which the number of electrons is not the same as the number of protons and are either positive or negative
Back
Covalent Bond
Front
Chemical bond forming when two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons
-single, double or triple bonds (increase in strength)
Back
Valence Electrons
Front
Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom; the key to chemical bonds
Back
Ionic Bond
Front
Chemical bond forming between oppositely charged ions (cation + anion)
