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AP Biology Chemistry Review

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Section 1

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adhesion

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Chemistry Science

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Mar 1, 2020

Cards (41)

Section 1

(41 cards)

adhesion

Front

the clinging of one substance to another (example: Graduated Cylinder meniscus formation)

Back

Specific Heat of Water

Front

1 calorie/g*Celsius

Back

non polar covalent

Front

when two atoms have the same electronegativity

Back

Polar covalent

Front

an electron spends more time with one molecule

Back

Hydrophilic

Front

a substance with an affinity for water (example cotton or phosphate groups)

Back

energy

Front

defined by the capacity to bring change

Back

compound

Front

two or more elements at a fixed ratio

Back

Potential energy

Front

Energy matter possesses because of location and structure

Back

matter

Front

anything that takes up space and has mass

Back

element

Front

a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions

Back

Kinetic energy

Front

energy of motion

Back

Van Der Waals Force

Front

week interactions between two atoms/molecules close together.

Back

Base

Front

reduces the hydrogen concentration in a solution

Back

covalent bonds

Front

sharing of a pair of valence electrons

Back

Acid

Front

increases the Hydrogen concentration in solution

Back

Mass number

Front

protons + neutrons

Back

Atomic mass

Front

approximation of the weight of the atom

Back

cation

Front

a positively charged particle

Back

Ionic Bond

Front

Attraction b/w ions of opposite charge resulting in the creation of salts.

Back

electronegativity

Front

attractions of a particular atom for the electrons of a covalent bond

Back

Heat of vaporization

Front

quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1 gram of it to be converted from the liquid to the gaseous state

Back

atom

Front

smallest unit of matter retaining property of element

Back

solute

Front

substance that dissolves

Back

surface tension

Front

a measure of how difficult it is to break the surface of a liquid (example: water spiders, belly flops hurt)

Back

solvent

Front

disolving agent

Back

specific heat

Front

the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 gram of that substance to change its temperature by 1 degree Celsius.

Back

anion

Front

a negatively charged particle

Back

Hydrophobic

Front

substances that don't like water (example oil)

Back

Evaporative cooling

Front

molecules with the highest kinetic energy are the most likely to leave as a gas, thus reducing the temperature when evaporation occurs.

Back

heat

Front

form of energy in kinetics. Also a measure of TOTAL kinetic energy due to motion of molecules

Back

Chemical reactions

Front

making and breaking of bonds

Back

ion

Front

positive or negatively charged particle

Back

Solution

Front

mixture that's completely homogeneous

Back

Single bond

Front

2 electron shared (1 pair shared)

Back

Chemical Bonds

Front

attractions b/w atoms

Back

double bond

Front

4 electrons shared (2 pairs shared)

Back

Aqueous solution

Front

water is the solvent

Back

Temperature

Front

measure of heat intensity that represents the average kinetic energy of the molecules regardless of volume

Back

valence electrons

Front

outermost electrons

Back

Hydrogen Bonds

Front

Non covalent interactions between hydrogen and electronegative atom

Back

cohesion

Front

hydrogen bonds holding itself together

Back