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memorize.ai (lvl 286)

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Section 1

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Niche

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Competition Prep

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Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 14, 2020

Cards (17)

Section 1

(17 cards)

Niche

Front

summarizes environmental factors that influence growth, survival, & reproduction of a species

Back

Zero growth isoclines

Front

above: population increasing below: population decreasing coexistence of two species is only possible when isoclines cross

Back

Competitive Exclusion

Front

if it occurs, only one species persists competition is difficult to observe "Ghosts of competition past" Human introductions: best natural means of observation of competition

Back

Realized niche

Front

includes interactions such as competition that may restrict environments where a species may live

Back

Conditions for Competition

Front

1. species found in the same area at the same time 2. species utilize a shared resource 3. shared resource found in a limited supply 4. shared resource is a limiting resource of species

Back

Intraspecific competition

Front

competition between members of the same species Logistic growth model drives population regulation & evolutionary change

Back

Fundamental niche

Front

hypervolume entire set of conditions under which an animal can survive and reproduce

Back

Self-Thinning

Front

usually leads to mortality among competing plants

Back

Allopatric species

Front

species whose ranges do not overlap

Back

Principle of competitive exclusion (Gause)

Front

2 species with competing for the same resource cannot coexist indefinitely one will be a better competitor thus have higher fitness & eventually exclude the other

Back

Character displacement

Front

divergence in characteristics of two otherwise similar species where their ranges overlap caused by selective effects of competition between the species in the area of overlap

Back

Sympatric species

Front

species that coexist in the same geographic area

Back

Limiting resource

Front

the one or few resources that establish K

Back

Degree of competition

Front

assumed to depend upon degree of niche overlap

Back

Lotka-Volterra Model

Front

effect of interspecific competition on population growth of each species predicts coexistence of two species when interspecific competition is weaker than intraspecific competition

Back

Interspecific competition

Front

competition between members of different species depresses both populations Lotka-Voltera models can lead to extinction or extirpation

Back

Competition

Front

any use or defense of a resource by one individual that reduces that availability of that resource to other individuals

Back