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AP Chemistry Equilibrium

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Section 1

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If reaction are added together

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Chemistry Science

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Mar 1, 2020

Cards (45)

Section 1

(45 cards)

If reaction are added together

Front

multiply Kc

Back

1 atm

Front

760 mmHg and 760 Torr

Back

What is the value of Q, if the reaction only contains reactants?

Front

Q = 0

Back

PV = nRT

Front

Ideal gas law

Back

Kc and Kp have what units?

Front

they both have no units, but Kp is calculated using atm and Kc is calculated using molarity

Back

At equilibrium what is true of K and Q?

Front

K = Q

Back

Increasing volume according to Le Chatelier causes the reaction to

Front

decrease in pressure and shifts toward the side with the more moles

Back

K>1

Front

Forward reaction is favored

Back

Reaction constant Kc

Front

What is the mass action expression used to find

Back

In an endothermic reaction, decreasing temperature means...

Front

removing reactant, shifts left, value of K decreases because the concentration of the products decrease and the concentration of the reactants increase.

Back

Le Chatelier effect of adding a reactant

Front

Shifts towards products

Back

Heterogeneous Equilibrium

Front

all reactants and products are not in the same phase, pure solids and liquids are not included in the equilibrium equation

Back

Le Chatelier's Principle

Front

If a stress is imposed on a system at equilibrium the position of the equilibrium will shift in a direction that reduces that stress

Back

Removing reactant according to Le Chatelier causes the reaction to

Front

Shift left, towards reactants

Back

Equilibrium to Pressure equation

Front

Kc=Kp/(RT)^Δn

Back

Q = K

Front

system is at equilibrium

Back

Unit of Concentration

Front

mol/L (Numbers used in the expression of mass action)

Back

If the reaction is reversed, the Kc is

Front

inverted

Back

K=1

Front

neither reaction is favored

Back

Q > K

Front

Reaction shifts to left, favors reactants

Back

Mass Action Expression

Front

concentration of the products raised to the power of their coefficients divided by the concentration of the reactants raised to the power of their coefficients

Back

Adding an inert gas has what effect?

Front

NO effect (no change in concentration)

Back

In a exothermic reaction, decreasing temperature means...

Front

Removing product. Reaction shifts right, value of K increases because the concentration of the products increase and the concentration of the reactants decrease.

Back

Removing product according to Le Chatelier causes the reaction to

Front

shift right, towards products

Back

Homogeneous Equilibrium

Front

all reactants and products are in the same phase

Back

K<1

Front

Reverse reaction is favored

Back

Small equilibrium constant means...

Front

reactants are favored

Back

What is the value of Q, if the reaction only contains products?

Front

Q = infinity

Back

In an exothermic reaction, increasing temperature means...

Front

adding product, shifts left, value of K decreases because concentration of the products decrease and the concentration of the reactants increase.

Back

Reverse reaction

Front

Products to reactants

Back

Adding a catalyst DOES NOT change the _______

Front

Kc

Back

Le Chatelier effect of adding heat to endothermic reactions

Front

Shifts towards products

Back

Forward reaction

Front

Reactants to Products

Back

According to Le Chatelier, in an endothermic reaction, increasing temperature means...

Front

adding reactant, shifts right, and the value of K increases because the concentration of the products increase and the concentration of the reactants decrease.

Back

Q < K

Front

Reaction shifts to right, favors products

Back

If the reaction is multiplied, the Kc is

Front

raised to that power

Back

How is Q calculated?

Front

Same way as Kc, [products]/[reactants]

Back

Large equilibrium constant means _________________ are favored

Front

products

Back

Equilibrium constant expression

Front

k= [products]/[reactants]

Back

Le Chatelier effect of adding pressure

Front

Shifts in direction of least number of moles

Back

Equilibrium

Front

when the forward and backward rates of reaction are equal

Back

Catalyst

Front

has no effect on the position of equilibrium but lowers activation energy, increasing the rate of forward and reverse reactions

Back

Solids and liquids are...

Front

completely omitted from calculations

Back

Reaction Quotient

Front

Q, obtained by using the mass action expression with given concentrations, compares current reaction to equilibrium

Back

What equation connects Kp and Kc?

Front

Kp = Kc(RT)deltaN [delta N= (c+d) - (a+b)]

Back