2 amend guarantees an individual right to possess a firearm uncnnected with service in a militia, and to use that arm for lawful purposes, such as self defense
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libel defenses
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opinion, innocent construction, truth, fair report, context, absolute privilege, qualified privilege, fair comment, neutral reporting, single publication, libel-proof plaintiff and single mistake.
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People v. Chatman
Front
Questions raised on cross examination must relate to evidence or information already on the record.
Leading questions are acceptable, but random questions that do not relate to the case, or are speculative, are not allowed.
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Presser V Illinois
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The 2 amendment is a right of individuals not militias, not a right to form or belong to a militia
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Crawford v. Marion County Election Board,
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Because the cards are free, the trouble of going to the Bureau of Motor Vehicles, gathering required documents, and posing for a photograph is not a substantial burden on most voters' right to vote, and is not a significant increase over the usual burdens of voting. also can provisional vote if needed
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ollman v evans
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ollman defamation test
(fact or opinion)
1) Can the statement be proved true or false?
2) What is the common or ordinary meaning of the words?
3) What is the journalistic context of the remark?
4) What is the social context of the remark?
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IIED components
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Defendant acted intentionally or recklessly; and
Defendant's conduct was extreme and outrageous; and
Defendant's act is the cause of the distress; and
Plaintiff suffers severe emotional distress as a result of defendant's conduct.[8]
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US V Cruikshank
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1875
The second amendment has no other effect than to restrict the powers of the national government
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in legal proceedings, one party has a burden of proof, which...
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which requires it to present prima facie evidence for all of the essential facts in its case.
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Caetano V Massachusetts
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The 2 am extends, prima facie, to all instruments that constitute bearable arms, even those not in existence at the time of the founding.