Section 1
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ID tag (protein and/or carb)
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Last updated
6 years ago
Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (53)
Section 1
(50 cards)
ID tag (protein and/or carb)
antigen
By what process do neurons release neurotransmitters?
exocytosis
Do hormones require a specific receptor?
yes
Is the response of a hormones short-lived or prolonged?
prolonged
Both voltage gated channels and ligand gated channels allow what to move through the cell membrane?
ions
By what process do sodium ions move when they go from a high concentration (outside cell) to a low concentration (inside cell)?
facilitated diffusion
Where are voltage gated channels found?
Axon
What is the function of the sodium-potassium pump?
to put Na+ back out and K+ back in
the smaller signal end of the cell
synaptic knob
The sodium-potassium pump operates by what process?
active transport
brain and spinal cord
central nervous system
increased Na+ permeability, Na+ moves out
Depolarization
changes away from a set point cause changes in the opposite direction (back toward set point)
negative feedback
Are ligand gated channels responsible for the beginning or continuing of the impulse
continuing
proteins lying on the receptor neuron waiting to receive neurotransmitters from the synaptic vesicles
receptor proteins
long portion that the impulse moves across
axon
the moment when the membrane potential begins to grow
stimulus
Na+ and K+ are in the wrong places
refractory period
What can open a ligand gated channel?
neurotransmitters
changes away from a set point continue to cause more changes away from the set point
positive feedback
the beginning membrane potential before any reaction
resting potential
Proteins produced by b cells that bind to antigens
antibodies
What part of the neuron accepts signals? From what?
Dendrites accept signal from another neuron or stimulus/trigger
Do plants use hormones to regulate themselves?
yes
center of the cell body
nucleus
Where are interneurons found?
brain and spinal cord
space between synapse and the receiving neuron
synaptic cleft
What can open a voltage gated channel?
electrical disturbance
How are neurotransmitters stopped?
enzymes break them down, nearby cells or original cells take them in by endocytosis, or they diffuse away
How does an impulse travel across a neuron?
dendrites, cell body, axon, axon terminal
a molecule released by a neuron that tells another neuron to fire (or not) or tells a muscle to contract or a gland to secrete
neurotransmitter
segments of coating around the axon
myelin sheath
Is the response of a neurotransmitter short-lived or prolonged?
short-lived
Do neurotransmitters require a specific receptor?
yes
the big end of the neuron
cell body
vesicle holding neurotransmitters released by the synapse
synaptic vesicle
Are voltage gated channels responsible for the beginning or continuing of the impulse
beginning
increased K+ permeability, K+ moves in and Na+ stops moving
repolarization
Neurotransmitters are secreted into:
synaptic cleft
signals end of cell body
Dendrite
Where are ligand gated channels found?
dendrites and cell body
What is the function of myelin?
to increase speed of impulse moving across the axon and to insulate the neuron
Is the response of a neurotransmitter fast or slow?
fast
How do plants signal each other?
chemical signals are used by plants to ripen fruit
trigger the release of neurotransmitters from synaptic vesicles to the synaptic cleft
calcium ions
hormones are secreted into:
blood
excitatory neurotransmitters
stimulate neurons
space between myelin sheaths
nodes of Ranvier
Is the response of a hormone fast or slow?
slow
What happens to someone with a damaged spine?
paralysis; they cannot feel any part of their body below the injury because there is no connection between neurons and the brain
Section 2
(3 cards)