Section 1
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Date created
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Cards (343)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Amendments
This section of the Constitution is responsive to the needs of a changing nation
electoral college
All of the following are characteristics of democracy EXCEPT
describes the Supreme Court
Article III of the Constitution
autocracy
Totalitarian dictatorship is a form of this type of government
judicial review
If the Supreme Court rules a law unconstitutional, under which principle would the court be exercising its authority?
Social Contract Theory
What is the theory used in the United States that involves people giving their freedom to the government in order to protect life, liberty, and person property?
describes the executive branch
Article II of the Constitution
the king
Who gives the authority to colonize in a charter colony?
public policy
deliberate plan of action designed to guide governmental decisions
all of the above (defending nation against foreign enemies, insuring order and domestic tranquility, promoting general welfare of citizens)
Which of the following is among the purposes of government outlined in the Preamble of the Constitution?
majority rule
requirement of democracy
a democracy
Any system of government in which rule is by the people is called
the Constitution would be a living, breathing document that would change with the times
The framers created Article 5 to ensure that
potential for voter fraud
One of the problems with Internet voting is
Magna Carta
The landmark English document that guarenteed due process is
the Judiciary Act of 1789
The judicial branch of government received the majority of its structure and power from
compromise
In order to get laws passed, this is an absolute necessity
social contract
Of the four major theories of government, only this one focuses on protecting the rights of the governed
state
a political unit or body of people living within a specific territory under one federal government
ineffectiveness and gridlock
What would be the most likely result of a direct democracy at the national level
social contract
John Locke is associated with this major political theory of government
Constitutional amendment
The Founders created a Constitution that could be adapted for the future through
representative government
system in which elected officials act in the interest of the people
popular sovereignty
The Constitution is based on the concept of
Pennsylvania
All of the English colonies had a bi-cameral legislation except
it stated that the King was not above the law
The Magna Carta had this specific effect on the monarchy
NOT authors of declaration of Independence, NOT the people of a state
Which of the following would be most threatened by the social contract theory?
sovereignty
none of the 50 states in the U.S. represent examples of a "state" because they lack this basic characteristic:
Petition of Right
Parliament first limited the power of the Crown under the
Arizona
This state had a successful experience with Internet voting in 2000
elastic clause
The "necessary and proper" clause, which gives Congress broad power in lawkmaking, is also known as the
active participation, favorable economy, widespread education, civil society, and social consensus
What are the "soils" of democracy?
Korematsu v. United States
A Supreme Court case in which minority rights were ignored was
those of royal birth had absolute authority to rule
The theory underlying modern democracies was developed to challenge the idea that
a county or city is considered soverign because it is subordinate to a larger form of government
Which of the following statements about soverign states is NOT true?
18
Citizens of the United States can vote when they turn this age
3rd
The Petition of Right forbids the mandatory quartering of troops in private homes, this is part of the U.S. Bill of Rights in this amendment
direct and representative
What are the two types of democracies?
veto
The President can check Congress by this power
totalitarian dictatorship
This is NOT one of Aristotle's classifications of government
charter
Of the three types of English colonies, this one was the most independent
6th and 7th
The right to trial by jury has its roots in the Magna Carta and is contained in these two amendments in the U.S. Constitution
False
When supplies of goods and services become plentiful, prices tend to rise
social contract theory
The concept of a limited government comes from this theory of government
describes the legislative branch
Article I of the Constitution
legislative power
power to make law and frame public policies
preamble
The goals of the Founding Fathers for the new government, under the U.S. constitution, are contained in the
public schools may not exclude students because of their sex or race
Which of the following illustrates the concept of equal opportunity?
article four
The full faith and credit clause, allowing states to recognize legal procedures such as marriage, is contained in this article
Florida v. California
The Supreme Court would have original jurisdiction over which of the following cases
Section 2
(50 cards)
obligation of the states
contributing monies to help pay for national elections
all of the above (nominating candidates for office, insuring good performance of their elected candidates, providing a mechanism for the conduct of government)
The functions of the major parties in the United States politics include
expressed powers
power directly granted to the national government by the Constitution
electorate
the people eligible to vote in any given election
the President
has the power to dispatch federal troops to restore order to or provide protection to the states
It abolished poll taxes so every citizen who registered could vote
Why was the 24th amendment important to voters?
It established separate ballots for the President and Vice President in the electoral college
How did the 12th amendment change the electoral process?
inherent powers
The national government's control of immigration is an example of
the party who is in control of the executive branch
A political party also serves as a watchdog of government. Who are they watching?
two
The United States has this number of major political parties
1977
The year ___ marked the beginning of the shortest period of time in which a major political party held the presidential office
False
The President admits new states and Congress sets the conditions
the presidency will go back and forth between the two parties
What is the most probable trend in future party domination of the US presidency?
he can declare war
All of the following are powers of the President except
National Governors Association
supports federalism by helping create state policy and enforcing national policy
Bill of Rights
protects individual liberties
succession
The 25th amendment became a formal amendment that dealt with this informal amendment involving the presidency. Name the issue
implied
develop space program, conduct draft, regulate nuclear power plants
based on personal choice
Membership in either of the two major parties is
a power numbered in the Constitution
An example of congressional enumerated power is
to reach a compromise on national issues
Which of the following is not a function of a political party?
ratification
amendment approval
the Democratic-Republican party
By 1800, the Federalist party was one of the major political parties and this party was the other one
one party controlled Congress while the other controlled the presidency
The era of one-party domination that began in 1968 was different from past eras of one-party domination because
treaty
agreement between nations
work to get candidates elected to political offices
In the United States, a political party is made up of a group of people who
partisanship
Congress and the State legislatures are often organized on party lines and conduct much of their business based on
False
All formal constitutional amendments must be proposed by Congress
Enabling Act
As the US was growing at the end of the 19th century how were the states' admissions controlled?
expressed
The power of the national government to declare war is most likely this specific power
petition
appeal to Congress
protects free speech
First Amendment
support them
If you are partisan to the Democratic Party you
an enabling act
For a territory to be admitted to the Union, the first step was for Congress to pass
federal bureaucracies
The executive branch has expanded its power through what
return of the Republicans
Which of the following is not one of the major eras of one party domination in American history?
NOT changes are made through practice
How are informal changes made to the constitution?
change of venue
This is asked for when a defendant cannot receive an impartial trial in the original location
ensure that details of possible scandals do not reach the public
Which of the following is not an official function of political parties
major parties
the dominant political parties in the United States
executive
The federal agency known as the CIA is most likely under the ____ branch of government
a lack of bill of rights
This was a major complaint of the Anti-Federalists during the ratification (period) of the constitution
voted into office directly by the people
The legislative branch is the only branch that is
states revoked their ratification
The Equal Rights Amendment caused questions because
Adams
Who was the first incumbent to lose the presidency?
eliminating poll taxes
The 24th amendment helped African Americans to vote by
national convention
There are two ways to propose an amendment, one is by receiving two-thirds votes from Congress, the second is by a
because it is the biggest branch and divided power amongst the most amount of people
Why would the framers want Congress to be more powerful than the executive branch?
Civil War amendments
13th, 14th, and 15th amendments make up the
to unite people and concentrate solely on one public policy matter
Which of the following is not a major function of either of the two major parties in the United States?
Section 3
(50 cards)
African Americans were asked questions that were more difficult than those asked of prospective white voters
Literacy tests worked to deny the right to vote to African Americans primarily because
many minorities were unable to vote
How was the poll tax discriminatory?
feel that any choice they make will have no effect
people with no sense of political efficacy
transients
This group of people is least likely to be given voting rights
minority groups
Literacy requirements were usually aimed at
much greater
Compared with the caucus and convention methods, the number of people who can participate in choosing candidates through the direct primary is
caucus
Which of the following processes is considered the least democratic when a candidate is being nominated
False
By the 1970s voters still had to pay a poll tax
issues that concern the voter
A non-voter may be motivated by
NOT single-issue parties
If inflation is low, jobs are plentiful, and the Republican and Democrats each enjoy strong support, which type of minor party would be least likely to attract voters?
True
The early history of franchise rights in the United States were very limited and included a relatively small number
party identification
The single most significant predictor or a person's partison voting behavior is his or her
Lincoln
The era of the Republican party began in 1860 with this election
the eligible residents of Washington D.C.
In the 1960s these people gained the franchise
gerrymandering
dividing electoral districts to limit the voting strength of a particular group is known as
Prohibition party
All of the following are examples of ideological parties except
all female citizens who met age requirements
After 1920, with the passage of the 19th amendment, this group was given the franchise
black males
The 15th amendment extended the right to vote to eligible
literacy
a person's ability to read or write that is no longer used to qualify someone to vote
the elctorate
All of the following mean the same thing except
Both try to inform, inspire, and activate the people with regard to public affairs
Which of the following do political parties and the news media have in common?
the 1957 Civil Rights Act
This act established the U.S. Civil Rights commission
mostly Southern states failed to enforce it
The reason that the 15th amendment, passed in 1870, was partially unsuccessful was
process by which people formulate their political attitudes and opinions
The term political socialization can be defined as the
are generally required by State law for nominating minor party candidates
Petitions to nominate candidates
True
The lack of success of minor parties to be the "party in power" or to be a "major player" has actually allowed them to take a clearer cut stand on specific issues
theory/fact
The expansion of suffrage to African Americans took place in two stages, one that granted suffrage in ____ and one that accomplished suffrage in ____
voter registration
Which of the following is not a voting requirement mandated by all 50 states
prevent immoral people from voting
Which of the following is not a major reason for voter registration?
gerrymandering
This is a method of limiting voting strength by the manner in which voting districts are drawn up
24th
The passage of this constitutional amendment eliminated poll taxes as a prerequisite to vote in federal elections
preclearance
The Voting Right Act of 1965 that no new election laws could be enacted in any state without ____ from the Department of Justice
federal court orders
All of the following have been used to keep African Americans from voting except
the 1968 Open Housing Law
All of the following improved voting rights in the 1960s ecept
minor party
Any party that has less support than one of the major political parties in the United sates is a(n)
NOT in off-year elections
In general, more of the electorate votes
valuable the settlers found the right to vote
The fact that the western States allowed aliens who had applied for naturalization to vote in order to attract settlers makes a clear statement about how
only declared party members can vote
in a closed primary
States require that any person wishing to vote must meet specific qualifications for citizenship, age, and residence
Which of the following statments about suffrage is true?
political efficacy
people who do not believe their actions can affect politics have no sense of
False
The critical first step in running for public office is conducting a fact finding campaign.
splinter party
Which of the political parties forms as a result of a split from the major party
minimum age requirement
All of the following voting prerequisites were eliminated by the states in the early 1800s except
nonpartisan primary
a primary in which candidates are not labeled by party is known as
the federal government taking less of a role in protecting suffrage rights
Which of the following is not a long-term trend marking the expansion of suffrage in the United States
a third party candidate who splits votes
Ross Perot was often called the spoiler. What is a spoiler in a presidential election?
was higher immediately after passage of the 26th amendment, but then dropped significantly
Voter turnout among 18 year-olds
women wanted the same privileges as men
Why did the suffrage groups in the 1920s fight so hard for the right to vote?
Marx
Ideological parties are generally associated with this person
the number of independents has grown
As party identification has weakened,
Section 4
(50 cards)
interest groups
Political Action Committees (PACs) donate money to campaigns and they are associated with
the voting booth
For providing optimum security, the best voting device is considered by many to be
occupation
On the issue of federal tax cuts, which of the following factors would be most likely to influence a person's opinion
discuss eventa thar are occurring quickly
The generals use news briefings often as a way to
scientific polls
The most reliable measure of public opinion is
other Republican candidates
If a Republican candidate for governor is proving to be especially popular, which of the following is most likely to benefit
plan better campaigns if they know what is important to the people
Politicians want to have accurate informatino about public opinion because they can
frustration and loss of interest in voting
Ineffectiveness at the polling place on voting day leads to
unlimited contributions by PACs to any one ffederal candidate
All of the following are loopholes in the current federal election laws except
early ballot voting
In order to increase voter turnout many states have implemented which of the following
public affairs
Public opinion includes only those views that relate to
he did not accept FEC money during that period
In 2000, George W. Bush could legally spend more than the FEC limit of $40.5 million in the preconvention period because
people who cannot raise the money are denied a chance to be elected
The biggest drawback of the need for large amounts of money to campaign is that
opinion leader
An ____ is a person who has more than the average influence on public opinion
opinion leader
Because so many people were listening to the poet's political verses, he had became an___
a news release
This is a ready made story that is supplied to the press
bedsheet
This ballot has such an enormous amount of information on it that it might be difficult to understand
open primary
The ____ is a party nominating election in which any qualified voter can participate.
mass media
The creation of MySpace pages by candidates in the 2008 Presidential Election is an example of the use of ____ to influence public opinion
True
The primary election process is really just a way of reducing the number of people who will run in the general election
press conference
A ___ involves the news media questioning high ranking officials
unregulated soft money
A large percentage of the money spent on political campaigns during the 1980s and 1990s came from
NOT media events
This is a major focus of the mass media
who is conducting the poll
When evaluating a poll, what is the most important aspect to look at
family
Which of the following is the earliest and one of the most significant agents in the political socialization process
front-runner
early leader in a presidential campaign
False
Even though the President is a public figure his opinion affects very few peoples opinions
polling place
A ___ is where voters who live in a particular precinct actually go to vote
defining the universe
Which of the following steps in a scientific polling comes first
C-SPAN
What television network was created specifically to broadcast the floor proceedings of the House and Senate
runoff primary
In the ___, the two top vote getters in a direct primary face one another, with the winner receiving the nomination
public opinion
Attitudes held by a significant number of people concerning governmental and political questions are known as
NOT voters were not properly identified when casting a ballot
Which of the following is not a basis on which a candidate can mount a protest to an online election
the president
often the focus of mass media
mass media
This includes all the means for communicating information to the general public
PAC
The ___ acts as the political arm of the special interest groups
public opinion poll
The senator decided to check the result of a ____ to obtain a sound indicator of how her constituency felt about the issue
trying to persuade voters to vote differently
Which of the following is not a step in the polling process
a Republican
Who can vote in a Republican closed primary election
the children receive a basis from parents to create their own public opinion
How is family important in forming public opinion
True
Some states conduct elections by allowing vote-by-mail
straw vote
Polls that seek to read the public's mind simply by asking the same question of a large number of people is an example of a
minor party voters cannot vote in the major party direct primaries
Why is the closed primary harmful to minor parties?
media event
visually interesting event
True
The manner in which a question is asked can influence the outcome of a poll
NOT congressional committees
Other than giving money directly to candidates, what other legal avenues do PACs have to influence elections
raising hands at a public meeting
Voters are asked to complete election ballots in all of the following ways except
nomination
In the election process, the critical first step is:
quota sample
A sample constructed to represent the major characteristics of the universe
NOT a large quantity of voters
Newspaper mail-in ballots hope to predict election outcomes with some success by hearing from
Section 5
(50 cards)
both a and b (some are based on economic interests, some are based on theh promotion of certain causes)
Which of the following is true of both interest groups and minor parties?
have freedom to express their ideas
In the Senate the rules are designed to make sure that all senators
Speaker
presiding officer of the House
all of the above (their members, government officials, the public at-large)
Interest groups perform positive functions for which of the following groups
majority party
The power to write the rules in Congress is controlled by the
pro tempore
In the absence of the Vice President, the president ___ presides over the Senate
filibuster
unlimited speaking time
do not nominate candidates for office
Unlike the major political parties, interest groups
vice president
president of the Senate
constituents
voters represented by an elected official
to control the pressure applied to politicians
Why would lobbyists need regulation
Speaker of the House
Responsibilities: schedules bills for action, refers bills to proper house, appoints some committees members
have freedom to express their ideas
In the Senate the rules are designed to make sure that all senators
bill
Before both houses of Congress pass it and the president signs it, a proposed law is a
Speaker
The presiding officer at the House of Representatives is the
a quorum
This is required for a legislative body to take official action
average voters
The term grass roots refers to
they seek to put pressure on the government to affect policies
Interest groups are also called pressure groups mainly because
healthcare for public
Which of theh following is an example of a public interest group?
Rules Committee
House "traffic officer"
frequently conflict with one another
Interest groups
work within the governmental process to affect policies
Lobbyists today are people who generally
do not nominate candidates for office
Unlike the major political parties, interest groups
whips
assist the floor leader
federalism
Because of ____ and separation of powers, there exist many different centers in which important decisions are made
supporting a government policy change
All of the following are propoganda techniques except
vice president
The president of the Senate is
filibuster
Lake Senator Strom Thurmond of South Carolina once stood in front of Congress speaking for 24 hours and 18 minutes performing a
one criticism against interest groups is that it is hard to tell their specific demographics - the "who" and "how many" are not always clear
Which of the following statements is true of interest groups?
True
Interest groups in general are a positive aspect of American society because they stimulate interest in public affairs
professional groups
The American Medical Association and the American Bar Associaton are examples of
True
Pressure groups (interest groups) received the name lobbyist by trying to influence legislators in those legislation hotel lobbies
majority leader
Speaker's top assistant
work in the same job or industry
A labor union is an organization of workers who
True
If a person is a physician, he or she is probably going to support the interest group known as the American Medical Association
very broad
The scope of political parties is
NOT a law establishing a limit on the amount of money that groups can spend each year
Which of the following would address one of the criticisms of interest groups
to express an opinion on an issue
Why would an interest group send a telegram to the speaker
they can bring public affairs to light
How can a special interest group have a positive role in politics
favorable attention from lawmakers
Although interest groups do not try to attract large numbers of voters, they do try to attract
cloture
A filibuster can be stopped when three-fifths of the Senate votes for
435
How many members are included in the House of Representatives
each candidate's stand, in regard to the groups' interests
Single-interest groups try to affect elections based on
that concern all or most people
Public affairs are those events and issues
the belief that Senators need to be able to express themselves without constraints
Why is the atmosphere so informal in the Senate
the goals and actions taken by the government
Public policy is
dangerous and should not be part of the American political system
Federalists, such as James Madison, believed that interest groups were
to get the least amount of legislation passed to gain the most from it
What is the purpose of a public interest group?
Television Presidency
The 2008 election of Barack Obama is said to have ushered in the era of the "Internet Presidency," enduing the era of the
those who make public policy
Political parties try not to alienate large numbers of voters. Interest groups try not to alienate
Section 6
(50 cards)
implied powers
These are powers "necessary and proper" to carry out powers specifically stated within the Constitution
chief administrator
The title of ____ describes the President's role as head of the US Federal Government
States' constitutions say Congress may do
The powers of Congress are affected by all of the following except what the
subcommittees
The House of Committee on Appropriations sets the expenditures of money for the US government. Energy and Water Development and Defense are just two examples of standing _____ within the Committee on Appropriations
seniority system
This has guided the selection of committee chairpersons
strict
Thomas Jefferson was what type of constructionist
entitled
Which of the following is not a power of congress
perjury
a witness lying under oath
electorate
the mass of people who actually cast votes in an election
rules committee
After a bill leaves a standing committee but before it goes to the floor it must visit this committee
strict constructionist
someone seeking to limit the powers of Cnogress to its expressed powers and only the most vital implied powers
the majority party
The standing committees of each house are controlled by
select
The Senate ____ Committee on Ethics met between 2007 and 2008 and was responsible for developing new guidelines for ethics training of all Senate employees
must have extensive prior political experience
Which of the following is not a formal qualification for the presidency
joint
A Republican Senator from Mississippi and a Democratic House Representative from California are both members of the ____ Committee on the Library
chief legislator
Which Presidential role sets the overall congresional agenda
private bills
Proposed measures that apply to specific individuals or places are
legislative veto
This action was found unconstitutional because it violated the separation of powers
True
A nation is considered sovereign if it does not have to ask the authority of any other nation before making decisions
the banker
Which of the following is eligible to run for the presidency: a 45-year old banker who was born and raised in Wyoming or a 30 year-old State legislator who was born in Virginia, lived abroad for 10 years, then returned to Virginia?
both a and b (House of Representatives, Senate)
Committees can be found in which of the following
so many signatures are needed on the discharge motion
One possible reason that a discharge petition is seldom successful is that
Congress must respect witness' rights just as a court would
What was the outcome of Wakins v. United States
4 years
If a successor to the presidency has served three years of the predecessor's term, how many more years is he eligible to serve as President in his own right
formulated by private citizens
Bills that originate in either house of Congress may be
Rules
Which committee could cause a bill to never be voted on
a debate about the bill with quorum
If a bill proceeds past the Rules Committee then the next step is what
lived in the same state for 10 years
Which of the following is not a requirement needed in order to become president
2
According to the 22nd amendment, a President can serve no more than ___ 4-year terms in office
being reported out of committee unfavorably
If the lawmaking process is compared to an obstacle course, which of the following would constitute an obstacle
legislative oversight
A good example of the constitutional principle of checks and balances is
two full terms
A President of the United States may serve a maximum of ___ in office
independent councils
These were created by Congress as part of the Ethics in Government Act and were put in place to ensure government officials receive a fair investigation
implied
Which of the following powers gives congress more creative avenues for expanding their powers
strict construction of the Constitution
Since 1789, the expansion of power of the National Government has been caused by all of the following except
that Congress must respect the rights of the witness during investigations
In the landmark case, Wakins v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled
house calendar
In the House of Representatives all public bills use this calendar
Thomas Jefferson
____ advocated strict constructionism in government
strict construction of the Constitution
Since 1789, the expansion power of the National Government has been caused by all of the following except
4 years
How long does the President have to pass his political agenda through congress
subcommittee
This group specializes in a subcategory of its standing committee's responsibility
a strong minor party candidate
Typically, the wrench in the gears of the electoral college that causes the election to be thrown into the House is
Chief Justice
Which of the following is not a role of the president
NOT speical prosecutor
When Congress passed the Ethics in Government Act in the 1970s they created this position
perjury
Witnesses who do not tell the truth can be prosecuted for
also contain flaws
The majority of the proposed reforms to the current electoral college
discharge petition
enables members to force a bill that has been in committee for 30 days onto the floor for consideration
rider
provision attached to an important bill
consensus
This simply means a general agreement
NOT constitution is silent about
The powers of Congress are affected by all of the following except what the
Section 7
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