Go on. Explore!

lvl 0 • 0 xp

lvl 1

Home Market Decks Interests

Pre-AP Biology - Virus

memorize.ai (lvl 286)

(0)

48 cards

()

Section 1

Preview this deck

bacteriophage

Front

1 / 48

Biology Science

0.0

0 reviews

5			0
4			0
3			0
2			0
1			0

Active users

All-time users

Favorites

Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (48)

Section 1

(48 cards)

bacteriophage

Front

virus that infects bacteria

Back

envelope

Front

surrounds the capsid and helps viruses enter cells - only on some viruses

Back

Viruses can

Front

only reproduce inside of a living host, change over time

Back

cancer can result from viral infections

Front

when a virus infects a cell it can cause genes in the cell to turn on or off. This can interrupt the cell cycle causing the cell to divide uncontrollably.

Back

examples of binal virus

Front

bacteriophage

Back

viroid

Front

NOT A VIRUS a single strand of viral RNA that causes PLANT diseases - no protein coat

Back

edward jenner

Front

developed the first vaccine from cowpox for smallpox - 1796

Back

retrovirus

Front

a virus that replicates by first transcribing RNA into DNA using reverse transcriptase

Back

examples of filovirus

Front

ebola

Back

bacteriophage

Front

a virus that attacks a bacteria

Back

HIV

Front

human immunodeficiency virus

Back

binal

Front

polyhedral capsid, helical tail

Back

virus make up

Front

segments of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) contained in a core, that is contained in a protein coat (capsid)

Back

capsid

Front

the protein coat of a virus

Back

HIV function

Front

causes AIDS, binds to human immune cells at specific receptor sites, attacks T cells

Back

examples of spherical viruses

Front

HIV and flu

Back

viruses attack plan

Front

attack host cell by attaching to their cell membrane and injecting their nucleic acid into the cell

Back

prion

Front

NOT A VIRUS but a viral protein that infects ANIMALS and causes other proteins to change shape - no RNA/DNA

Back

first virus ever discovered

Front

tobacco mosaic disease

Back

lytic cycle

Front

FAST - viral infection, replication, and cell lysing (bursting). Symptoms happen within 1-4 days Examples: flu

Back

AIDS

Front

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Back

why is HIV hard to treat

Front

high mutation rate

Back

Examples of how cancer can result from viral infections

Front

HPV-cervical cancer hepatitis B - liver cancer epstein-barr virus - lymphomas

Back

helical

Front

RNA or DNA is coil in a long narrow capsid

Back

pathogen

Front

agent that causes disease

Back

virus examples that you are immunized against as a child

Front

measles, mumps, chicken pox

Back

jonas salk

Front

developed the polio vaccine - 1952

Back

epidemic

Front

a rapid outbreak of an infection that affects many people

Back

filovirus

Front

no distinct uniform shape, threadlike loops

Back

polyhedral

Front

geometric in appearance

Back

vaccine

Front

a weakened form of the virus injected to prevent infection

Back

examples of helical viruses

Front

Tobacco mosaic virus

Back

antibiotics

Front

won't cure viral infections since viruses don't have cell parts or metabolism

Back

lysogenic cycle

Front

SLOW - viral genome replicates WITHOUT destroying the host cell. it becomes a permanent part of the host cell's chromosome.

Back

lytic cycle process

Front

-virus attaches to host cell -viral DNA/RNA is injected into the cell -viral DNA/RNA replicates immediately and is expressed to produce new viruses -the new viruses BURST from the cell. this step harms/destroys the cell, spreading the disease

Back

spherical

Front

typically studded with receptors, may be enveloped

Back

emergent viruses

Front

viruses that humans have suddenly contracted in isolated geographic areas

Back

lysogenic cycle process

Front

-virus attaches to host cell and injects its DNA -virus inserts its DNA into its host DNA and it HIDES in cell -viral DNA is now called a provirus/prophage -the DNA divides with the "help" of the host cell -the host cell isn't harmed -later it will enter the lytic cycle to spread the virus

Back

process of HIV

Front

-HIV hides in the T-cells. -then T-cells begin to die when the cells finally burst -then the patient gets another disease (opportunistic diseases) -then they get AIDS after the T-cell count is below 200 -then they die

Back

examples of polyhedral viruses

Front

adenovirus (cold)

Back

viruses cannot

Front

grow, maintain homeostasis, metabolize, and don't use energy

Back

who discovered first virus

Front

Stanley

Back

respiratory diseases caused by viruses

Front

common cold, flu

Back

host

Front

an organism that shelters and nourishes a virus or another organism

Back

lysis

Front

the breaking apart of the cell to release new viruses

Back

hiv structure

Front

spherical, contains RNA, retrovirus, exterior wall made of glycoprotein

Back

prophage or provirus

Front

a viral DNA segment inserted into a bacterial cell

Back

Virus

Front

NON-living agent that causes disease in plants and animals

Back