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Lesson 3: Basic SQL (FLASH CARDS) - C170 - Database Management Applications (WGU)

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EXISTS

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SQL

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Mar 1, 2020

Cards (44)

Section 1

(44 cards)

EXISTS

Front

In SQL, a comparison operator that checks whether a subquery returns any rows.

Back

WHERE

Front

A SQL clause that adds conditional restrictions to a SELECT statement that limit the rows returned by the query.

Back

subquery

Front

A query that is embedded (or nested) inside another query. Also known as a nested query or an inner query.

Back

inner query

Front

A query that is embedded or nested inside another query. Also known as a nested query or a subquery.

Back

authentication

Front

The process through which a DBMS verifies that only registered users can access the database.

Back

AND

Front

The SQL logical operator used to link multiple conditional expressions in a WHERE or HAVING clause. It requires that all conditional expressions evaluate to true.

Back

Boolean algebra

Front

A branch of mathematics that uses the logical operators OR, AND, and NOT.

Back

wildcard character

Front

A symbol that can be used as a general substitute for: (1) all columns in a table (*) when used in an attribute list of a SELECT statement or, (2) zero or more characters in a SQL LIKE clause condition ( % and _ ).

Back

LIKE

Front

In SQL, a comparison operator used to check whether an attribute's text value matches a specified string pattern.

Back

HAVING

Front

A clause applied to the output of a GROUP BY operation to restrict selected rows.

Back

COUNT

Front

A SQL aggregate function that outputs the number of rows containing not null values for a given column or expression, sometimes used in conjunction with the DISTINCT clause.

Back

alias

Front

An alternative name for a column or table in a SQL statement.

Back

UPDATE

Front

A SQL command that allows attribute values to be changed in one or more rows of a table.

Back

FROM

Front

A SQL clause that specifies the table or tables from which data is to be retrieved.

Back

DISTINCT

Front

A SQL clause that produces only a list of values that are different from one another.

Back

ROLLBACK

Front

A SQL command that restores the database table contents to the condition that existed after the last COMMIT statement.

Back

MAX

Front

A SQL aggregate function that yields the maximum attribute value in a given column.

Back

middleware

Front

The computer software that allows clients and servers to communicate within the client/server architecture. It is used to insulate client processes from the network protocols and the details of the server process protocols.

Back

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Front

An organization formed to develop standards for diverse network systems.

Back

AVG

Front

A SQL aggregate function that outputs the mean average for a specified column or expression.

Back

MIN

Front

A SQL aggregate function that yields the minimum attribute value in a given column.

Back

DELETE

Front

A SQL command that allows data rows to be deleted from a table.

Back

NOT

Front

A SQL logical operator that negates a given predicate.

Back

COMMIT

Front

The SQL command that permanently writes data changes to a database.

Back

CREATE INDEX

Front

A SQL command that creates indexes on the basis of a selected attribute or attributes.

Back

GROUP BY

Front

A SQL clause used to create frequency distributions when combined with any of the aggregate functions in a SELECT statement.

Back

nested query

Front

In SQL, a query that is embedded in another query. See subquery.

Back

IS NULL

Front

In SQL, a comparison operator used to check whether an attribute has a value.

Back

ALTER TABLE

Front

The SQL command used to make changes to table structure. When the command is followed by a keyword (ADD or MODIFY), it adds a column or changes column characteristics.

Back

DROP TABLE

Front

A SQL command used to delete database objects such as tables, views, indexes, and users.

Back

IN

Front

In SQL, a comparison operator used to check whether a value is among a list of specified values.

Back

OR

Front

The SQL logical operator used to link multiple conditional expressions in a WHERE or HAVING clause. It requires only one of the conditional expressions to be true.

Back

rules of precedence

Front

Basic algebraic rules that specify the order in which operations are performed. For example, operations within parentheses are executed first, so in the equation 2 + (3 5), the multiplication portion is calculated first, making the correct answer 17.

Back

CREATE TABLE

Front

A SQL command that creates a table's structures using the characteristics and attributes given.

Back

BETWEEN

Front

In SQL, a special comparison operator used to check whether a value is within a range of specified values.

Back

method

Front

In the object-oriented data model, a named set of instructions to perform an action. Methods represent real-world actions, and are invoked through messages.

Back

SUM

Front

A SQL aggregate function that yields the sum of all values for a given column or expression.

Back

ORDER BY

Front

A SQL clause that is useful for ordering the output of a SELECT query (for example, in ascending or descending order).

Back

recursive query

Front

A nested query that joins a table to itself.

Back

DROP INDEX

Front

A SQL command used to delete database objects such as tables, views, indexes, and users.

Back

cascading order sequence

Front

A nested ordering sequence for a set of rows, such as a list in which all last names are alphabetically ordered and, within the last names, all first names are ordered.

Back

message

Front

In the OO data model, the name of a method sent to an object in order to perform an action. A message triggers the object's behavior. See method.

Back

reserved words

Front

Words used by a system that cannot be used for any other purpose. For example, in Oracle SQL, the word INITIAL cannot be used to name tables or columns.

Back

INSERT

Front

A SQL command that allows the insertion of one or more data rows into a table.

Back