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Section 1
(50 cards)
parent element
An element that encloses (or wraps) another element.
dedicated hosting
Your very own server. You share nothing and have root access so you can install anything. Most expensive type of hosting, but most flexible.
virtual web host
Server runs in a virtual environment. Guaranteed amount of processing power, memory, and hard drive space only to be used for you. Can have root access, but still will be sharing memory, hard drives, and other resources. If one server crashes, does not impact the others. Allows for more custom software than shared.
ID selector
Way to target elements in HTML using CSS. This creates a named way to apply styles to a unique item in each document. CSS rules are written as #idName and applied to HTML using id="idName". ID names are case sensitive.
HEX
Way of identifying colors using a 3 or 6 digit hexadecimal code. The first two digits represent the red values, the second two digits represent the green values, and the last two digits represent the blue values. Example: #0000FF would be blue, #00FF00 would be green, #FF0000 would be red.
a:active
Pseudo element that selects the active link. This rule must come after a:hover
requests
Clients request information from a website and servers receive those requests and issue responses by "serving" up the requested information.
top-level domains
One of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the internet. Examples: .com = company; .edu = educational organizations; .org = an organization, typically non-profit; .net = open to anyone; .gov = governmental; .mil = US Military
tag selector
Way to target elements in HTML using CSS. This will select elements based on existing HTML tags and will target all elements within a document. Example: p, h1, nav, footer. P would target all paragraph tags in the entire document.
/ comment /
Correct way to create comments in CSS
float
When added as an attribute to an image it converts the image from an inline element to a block element. Items can be floated left(float:left) or right(float:right). If images are floated left or right the text will wrap around the image.
CSS
Stands for Cascading Style Sheets. Used to add presentation styling to HTML documents.
camelCase
A type of capitalization where the first letter is lower case and each succeeding word has a capital letter
CSS Syntax
A CSS rule consists of a selector (tag, ID, class, or descendent) followed by a block of declarations. Example: .className{color:blue; font-weight:bold;}
Descendent selector
Way to target elements in HTML using CSS. This will select elements that are children of a specific parent element. Example: p a{} would target all links that are within a paragraph tag.
absolute reference
The location of the item is coded as if we were typing the full address into a browser URL bar. For example, http://www.wgu.edu/online_it_degrees/bachelor_degree_programs. Use this type of reference when linking to a site outside of your site. This will only work when you have an internet connection.
class selector
Way to target elements in HTML using CSS. This creates a named way to apply styles to multiple times in one document to multiple items. CSS rules are written as .className and applied to HTML using class="className". Class names are case sensitive.
shared web host
Server runs your site in the same place as many other sites. Must share resources, processing power, memory, and hard drive space with other users. Economical, but if one site has problems, it can affect others. Less secure, less power, and less customization. Fewer rights to install your own software.
<span>
Inline HTML element used to apply CSS to a specific section of text in a document
cloud web host
Server runs solely on a cloud or network of computers. If one fails, another takes over your site so is more efficient than the previous two. Pay for what you use.
px
A unit of measure used in CSS to define a pixel value. Is useful for creating dimensions that are more absolute in size.
padding
Adds space inside an element. For example, if you have a <div> with a blue background and add 10px padding it will add 10px to each side of the box, that will extend the size of the blue background. Padding can be specified in four directions rotating clockwise. Example: margin:10px 5px 10px 5px; (top, right, bottom, left values)
inline styles
This is a way of applying CSS to one specific HTML tag through the style attribute. This is applied last and always takes precedence over internal and external style sheets. Example: <p style="color:blue;"></p>
z-index
Defines which elements will appear above other elements if they happen to overlap. Higher number z-index appear in front of lower number z-index. Example z-index:100; will appear on top of z-index:50;
protocols
Handle the communication between the client and the server, such as HTTP, HTTPS, or FTP
child element
An element that is enclosed (or wrapped) within another element. The child element inherits CSS properties from the parent element.
root relative reference
Looks exactly like the absolute reference except it doesn't include the domain name . Example: /online_it_degrees/bachelor_degree_programs. Note how it starts with a / . Starts in the web root folder for whatever the website is and moves to the designated folders to look for the files from there. This type of reference is good to use when the folder structure on your site is complicated because you don't need to write the code to look a level up or to worry about many cumbersome folders.
fixed positioning
Elements will remain in a specific spot no matter how the browser is manipulated and do not appear in the flow of the document.
web server
hold the files, videos, etc. that will be seen on the internet. Provide the information to users, while allowing you to have the ultimate control over how your information is presented and used.
a:visited
Pseudo element that styles links after they have been visited
<div>
Block-level HTML element used to apply CSS to a group of elements in a document
relative positioning
Positions something on the screen in a different place than where it actually belongs in the document flow, but lays out the rest of the document as if that object were right where it belong and hadn't been positioned.
clear
Stops elements from floating around other elements. You can clear the float for left (clear:left), right (clear:right), or for both (clear:both).
client
computers that can connect to the internet for short periods of times, such as to check email, update Facebook, or shop at Amazon.
pt
A unit of measure used in CSS to define a point value. Default font size on most browsers is 12 pt.
domain name
A unique name for a website that must be registered. Example: Microsoft.com
internal style sheet
This is a way of applying CSS to one specific document by using the <style></style> tags in the <head> of the HTML document. This is typically the second set of styles that are applied after the external style sheet and can be overridden by inline styling
%
A unit of measure used in CSS to define relative percentages
absolute positioning
Absolute position uses exact values to position elements on the screen. Requires the use of a containing block. Typically this containing block is a <div> that has relative positioning applied to it. When it is done in this manner the absolute values are in relation to the containing block. For example, if you move the item left:50px; it will move 50px from the left side of the containing block. If you don't use a containing block it will use the browser window to apply the absolute values to.
FTP
Stands for File Transfer Protocol. Is used to send files to a server.
a:hover
Pseudo element that styles links while the mouse is over the link. This rule must come after a:link and a:visited
external style sheet
A separate document that contains CSS styles and is linked to from an HTML file. Correct way to create the link is <link rel="style sheet" type="text/css" href="external.css" />. This is typically the first set of styles that are applied to a webpage and can be overridden by internal or inline styling.
server
computers that are always connected to the internet. Servers hold the information seen on webpages and they "serve" up that information through different types of software.
pseudo elements
Applies to a specific state of an element, for example :hover applies only when the mouse is over an element.
margin
Adds space outside of an element. For example, if you have a <div> with a blue background and add 10px margin it will add 10px to each side of the box, but will not extend the size of the blue background that is within the box. Margin can be specified in four directions rotating clockwise. Example: margin:10px 5px 10px 5px; (top, right, bottom, left values)
sub domain
The section of a web address that goes before the domain name. Example: Support.Microsoft.com. Used for quicker access to a specific place in a website.
relative reference
Location of the item is coded in relation to the current page. So if there the main webpage is in the root directory and there is a picture in an images folder in that same directory, we could code it to say to use the file at the location "images/filename.jpg". This type of reference can be cumbersome if you have a lot of folders. Sometimes it may be necessary to write the code to look for a file a level up from the current document, which would look like "../images/filename.jpg". Use this type of linking if you know the structure of your site will remain constant.
Declaration
What a CSS attribute and value are called. Formatted with the attribute name followed by a colon, then the value and a semicolon. Example: color:blue;
a:link
Pseudo element that styles links that have not yet been visited
em
A unit of measure used in CSS to define the current font size. If the font size is 12pt, 1em = 12pt.
Section 2
(50 cards)
<aside></aside>
Semantic element that contains content tangentially related to the content around it
<article></article>
Semantic element that contains a self-contained composition, like a blog posting or newspaper article
<section></section>
Semantic element that contains a generic sectioning of content
<li></li>
Inline level container for list items. Can be used in both the ordered and unordered lists.
<br />
Tag used to create a line break
Standalone Tags
HTML elements that do not contain content. Are writing with a closing /, ex. <br />
absolute link
Specifies a link's absolute position. Example: http://www.google.com
<strong></strong>
Inline tag that gives the marked section of content strong value. Can visually be controlled with CSS.
metadata
Data about data. This information is included in the <head> section and does not display on the webpage. <meta charset="" /> would define the character set used by the page. Other ways to use metadata include setting a description and keywords for a search engine.
HTML Tags
The basic elements of HTML. Opening tags contain < and the name of the tag and the >. Closing tags contain </ and the name of the tag and the >.
MySQL
A database that can be used to run websites with. Usually set up through a control panel tool on the web host and most provide a PHP MySQL application to help you create tables or modify records
<p></p>
Block level tag for identifying paragraphs of text. By default paragraphs have space before and after them.
SGML
Standard Generalized Markup Language. This is the original language that HTML is based upon.
path
Portion of the URL that indicates where the specific object is located. This typically shows after the host.
<html></html>
Tags that indicate the document will contain HTML content.
<ul></ul>
Block level container for an unordered list
<!-- comment -->
Creates a comment in HTML
semantic elements
Block level elements designed to create structure that makes it clear what parts of the page serve what purpose. Example: <nav>, <article>, <aside>
clear
Stops elements from floating around other elements. You can clear the float for left (clear:left), right (clear:right), or for both (clear:both).
<title></title>
Defines the title for a webpage. Required in HTML even if it is empty.
<span></span>
Generic inline level element used to apply styling with CSS.
<sup></sup>
Inline tag that sets text in superscript.
<!DOCTYPE html>
The declaration that tells the browser what version of HTML to use. This needs to be the first thing in the document.
<th></th>
Defines table headers within a <table> element
<h1></h1>
One of 6 block level headings. H1 is the largest by default and H6 is the smallest, but they can all be styled differently using CSS. Heading levels help your page get properly indexed.
float
When added as an attribute to an image it converts the image from an inline element to a block element. Items can be floated left(float:left), right(float:right), or center(float:center). If images are floated left or right the text will wrap around the image.
Password Protection
Can help you provide specific information to only specific individuals while others cannot access it. Can be used to set a basic security level for any folder on your website.
<body></body>
Container for the main content of the page. Displays all of the visible content on the webpage.
Entity used to create an extra inline space
<td></td>
Defines table data cells within a <table> element
<div></div>
Generic block level element used to group items for purposes of styling with CSS.
<i></i>
Inline tag that sets text in italics.
attributes
Information added to HTML tags to provide important information the tag needs to help it work correctly.
image map
Image mapping defines regions of a single image to link to different URLs. Image map areas can be rectangle, circles, or polygon and require the coordinates be defined for the area.
<header></header>
Semantic element that contains introductory or navigational aids
<nav></nav>
Semantic element that contains links to other pages or resources
relative link
Specifies a link's location in relation to the current document. ../ will bring you up a level from the current directory.
Whitespace
Characters that you do not see on a page such as spaces, tabs, and new lines. Sequential whitespace is condensed into one space.
fragment links
Linking to a specific place within the current document. Uses ID attribute defined in elements to create a place to link to. Example: <a href="#idName"></a>
scheme
Portion of the URL that indicates the protocol in use (HTTP or HTTPS)
<head></head>
This contains information that applies to the entire document. Other tags within may include <title>, <meta>, and <link>
<sub></sub>
Inline tag that sets text in subscript.
FTP Client
An application, such as FileZillia, used to transfer files from a local computer to the web server.
<em></em>
Inline tag that gives the marked section of content emphasis. Can visually be controlled with CSS.
<ol></ol>
Block level container for ordered list. TYPE="" attribute applies the style of ordered list. a - lowercase letters, A = uppercase letters, 1 = numerals, i = lowercase roman numerals, I = uppercase roman numerals. START="" attribute determines on what number the ordered list begins.
HTML
Hypertext Markup Language
<b></b>
Inline tag that sets text in bold.
<img />
Inline element used to add images to a webpage. SRC="" attribute defines where the image is located. ALT="" attribute defines alternative text for when the image cannot be displayed visually. TITLE="" attribute defines text that is displayed in a tooltip when you hover over the image.
<dl></dl>
Block level container for a definition list
host
Portion of the URL that indicates the host name or IP address (www.google.com)
Section 3
(50 cards)
<a></a>
Stands for anchor and creates a link. The HREF="" attribute defines where the link should resolve to. The TARGET="" attribute defines where the link should open. To open in a new window or new tab you set target="_blank".
An External Style Sheet uses the ________ file extension.
css
Which of the following attributes would configure an ordered list to display uppercase letters?
type="A"
Which CSS property configures the color of text?
color
<dt></dt>
Definition term used in definition list.
Which tag is used to force the browser to display the next text or element on a new line?
<br>
<iframe></iframe>
Includes a separate document within another document. This method is preferred to the depreciated method of using the <frame> tag. The src attribute defines the location of the external document that is loaded into the <iframe>
Choose the special character that is used to indicate a blank space. Choose the special character that is used to indicate a blank space.
What tag pair contains the items in an ordered or unordered list?
<li> </li>
Choose the preferred tag pair to use when emphasizing text.
<strong></strong>
<blockquote></blockquote>
Block level way to quote a passage of text.
What type of HTML list will automatically place a bullet point indicator in front of each item?
unordered list
<textarea></textarea>
Form element that produces a multi-line text box
is this correct? <a href="news.htm">Important News</a>
YES
what is function of an email link?
launch the default e-mail application for the visitor's browser with your e-mail address as the recipient
Choose the preferred tag pair to use when displaying important text in bold font.
<strong></strong>
Which of the following tags does not require a closing tag?
<i>
method=""
Form attribute that defines how the data is submitted. Method="post" submits variables to the server, but they are not visible on the front end. Method="get" submits variables in the URL where they are visible. This method allows user to bookmark position/result for a form.
Collapsed borders
Border value that can be assigned through the CSS border-collapse attribute. Allows adjoining cells to share a border.
value=""
Form input attribute that specifies a default value that is entered in the field
True or False? Web pages have two sections: a head and a body.
TRUE
What type of HTML list will automatically place a number in front of the items?
ordered list
When do you need to use a fully qualified URL in a hyperlink?
when linking to a page on an external web site
<select></select>
Form element that contains <option></option> tags. By default this displays as a drop-down list of options and allows one to be selected. The size attribute determines how many options are shown at once and the multiple attribute allows more than one option to be selected.
action=""
Specifies where to send the form-data when a form is submitted.
<dd></dd>
Definition used in definition list.
<input type="submit">
Form button that will submit the form data when clicked
checked
Form attribute that defaults a form field to a checked value
What tag pair is used to create a new paragraph?
<p> </p>
multiple
Form attribute that allows multiple values to be entered in a single text field, or multiple options to be selected in a <select> field
title=""
Form input attribute that provides a tooltip to the user
The title element configures large, bold text at the beginning of the web page document. TRUE OR FALSE?
FALSE
<input type="reset">
Form button that will reset all of the form fields when clicked
Choose the tag pair that is use to link web page documents to each other.
<link> tag
The content that displays in the browser is contained in the body section. True or False
TRUE
What tag pair is used to create the largest heading?
<h1> </h1>
<form>
The <form> tag is used to create an HTML form for user input
Separate Borders
Default value for table borders that gives each cell its own border.
Choose the tag pair configures text to be indented from both the left and right margins.
<blockquote>.. </blockquote>
<input type="text">
Default type of an input, allows for text to be entered in a single line
<input type="radio">
Form element that creates a group of buttons and allows the user to choose only one of the items in the group. To group radio buttons together they must all have the same name attribute. Example: <input type="radio" name="groupName">
<input type="password">
Form element that obscures what you type into it
<table></table>
Container for all of the table information
Select the items below that can be used as a CSS Selector. A. an HTML element B. a class name C. an id name
ALL
<optgroup></optgroup>
Used to group related options in a <select> field. If you have a long list of options, groups of related options are easier to handle for a user.
The <meta> tag is coded in the ________ section of a web page document.
header
To associate an external style sheet with a web page, code:
a link element in the head section of the web page
<frame></frame>
Defines an area of the page into which another webpage can be loaded
Which CSS property configures the font typeface?
font-family
<input type="checkbox">
Form element that produces a box that can be checked on or off.
Section 4
(50 cards)
CSS
flexible, cross-platform, standards-based language developed by the W3C. (styles) biggest disadvantage is all browsers don't support it
Use the ________ property to configure bold text using CSS.
font-weight
Body Section
(what is actually displayed) contains the actual tags, text, images, and other objects that are displayed by the browser as a web page. <body>
Use the ________ tag to configure a section of a web page that is physically separated from others.
<div></div>
Select the code below that uses CSS to configure a class called "offer" with blue text that uses the Arial or sans-serif font typeface.
.offer { color:blue; font-family:Arial,sans-serif;}
Entranet
private network that is contained within an organization or business. Its purpose is to share organizational information and resources among coworkers. When an intranet connects to the outside Internet, usually a gateway or firewall protects the intranet from unauthorized access.
CSS was first proposed as a standard by the W3C in ________.
1996
accessible
website provides accommodations that help individuals overcome these barriers.
Which CSS property configures the size of text?
font-size
paragraph tag
<p> </P> (where paragraphs go)
to make a copyright symboly you do
©
<em> means
usually makes text italized
email link
will automat- ically launch the default mail program configured for the browser ex. of email <a href=" mailto: help@ terrymorris. net">help@terrymorris. net</a>
Head Section
contains information that describes the web page document
Title Element
<title> what will appear in title of bar of web browser
Head Element
conatins head section <head> </head>
Section 5 08 of the Federal Rehabilitation Act
requires people to have to accomodate pages with people with disabilities
extranet
PRIVATE network!
Cascading Style Sheet rules are comprised of:
Selectors and Declarations
The Selector
can be an HTML element name, a class name, or an id name.
Meta Tags
describe the document <meta.....> a stand a lone tag doesnt need </>
World Intellectual Property Organization
helps protect property rights on the web
background-color property
configures background color for an element. ex. body { background-color: yellow }
When CSS is coded in the body of the web page as an attribute of an HTML tag it is called ________.
Inline
what does the element div do?
configures a structural block area, or "division," on a web page, with empty space above and below.
Use the ________ tag to associate a web page with an External Style Sheet.
<link>
Use the ________ tag to code embedded styles on a web page.
<style> .. </style>
href
connects these anchor links
Which CSS property can be used to configure italic text?
font-style
Berners-Lee created the.....
world wide web (hyperlinks)
Web Accesability Initiative
people need to access internet group created
To apply a style to a certain group of elements on a web page, configure a CSS ________.
class
absolute link
indicates the absolute location of a resource on the Web. ex. <a href=" http: //webdevfoundations. net " >Web Development & Design Foundations</a>
people must be able to access internet with disabilites
...
Ordered List
numbered lists <li> <ol>kljlkjsdf </ol>
anchor element
to specify a hyperlink , often referred to as a link , to another web page or file that you want to display. Each anchor element begins with an <a> tag </a> form hyperlinks
DTD
identifies the version of HTML that you're using (top of web page document)
Unordered Lists
<ui> bulleted format list begins with <li> <li> <ul>kljlkjlkjljkj </ul>
WWW world wide web
the graphical user interface to information stored on computers running web servers connected to the Internet—
Phrase Elements
sometimes referred to as logical style elements , indicate the context and meaning of the text between the container tags. It is up to each browser to interpret that style.
Select the code below that uses CSS to configure a background color of #eaeaea for a web page.
body {background-color:#eaeaea; }
Blockquote Element
is used to display a block of quoted text in a special way—indented from both the left and right margins (lets it indent) like.. asdksdfklfgkh <blockquote> kjlkjlkjlkjkg </blockquote>
<i> means
makes text in italics
<strong> means
makes text stand out in BOLD
Select the code below that uses CSS to configure a id named "footer" that configures small, italic text.
footer { font-size: small; font-style: italic;}
code for empty speak
Headings..
h1 BIGGEST FONT h6 smallest font
how did internet start
for the military
The declaration property used to set the text color on a web page is:
color
Use the ________ tag to configure a generic area on a web page that is embedded within a paragraph or other block display element.
<span></span>
Section 5
(46 cards)