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AP Biology Meiosis - Live

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Section 1

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Telophase II and Cytokinesis (Meiosis)

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Biology Science

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Mar 14, 2020

Cards (32)

Section 1

(32 cards)

Telophase II and Cytokinesis (Meiosis)

Front

The cells have now been formed into 4 new cells, and the nuclear membranes come back. These cells are known as haploid cells, and each has half the usual number of chromosomes

Back

haploid

Front

A cell with only one copy of each chromosome.gamete -contains a single set of chromosomes -n

Back

chiasmata

Front

a point at which paired chromosomes remain in contact during the first metaphase of meiosis, and at which crossing over and exchange of genetic material occur between the strands.

Back

sexual

Front

involves the fusion of gametes

Back

homologous chromosome

Front

2 chromosomes in each pair -same length and shape -carry genes controlling the same inherited characters

Back

crossing over

Front

Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.

Back

fertilization

Front

the union of gametes (sperm and egg)

Back

autosome

Front

a chromosome not directly involved in determining the sex of an organism

Back

Anaphase II

Front

sister chromatids separate

Back

gamete

Front

have half as many chromosomes as somatic cells -go through meiosis -reproductive cells

Back

Anaphase I

Front

Homologous chrmosomes move to the oppisite poles of the cell.

Back

metaphase I

Front

Paired homologous chromosomes line up across the center of the cell

Back

Metaphase II

Front

Chromosomes line up at the equator single file

Back

prophase I

Front

occupies more than 90% of the time required for meiosis -chromosomes condense -synapse and crossing over -tetrads and chiasmata

Back

sister chromatid

Front

the two chromosomes that make up a matched pair in a diploid cell

Back

synapsis

Front

Pairing of homologous chromosomes. homologous chromosomes loosely pair up -align gene by gene -get together with homologous pair

Back

sex chromosome

Front

a chromosome that determines whether on individual is a male or female

Back

asexual

Front

not involving the fusion of gametes.

Back

diploid

Front

A cell with two copies of each chromosome.has two sets of chromosomes -human # is 46 -2n

Back

Y chromosome

Front

The sex chromosome found only in males. When paired with an X chromosome from the mother, it produces a male child

Back

genome

Front

consists of all the DNA in a cell -holds specific genetic traits

Back

variation

Front

a change or difference in condition, amount, or level, typically with certain limits.

Back

meiosis

Front

the production of gamete cells

Back

Telophase I

Front

The cytoplasm divides and two new cells form. Reduction division has occurred. Homologs are now in different cells

Back

X chromosome

Front

The sex chromosome found in both men and women. Females have two X chromosomes; males have one. An X chromosome from each parent produces a female child.

Back

tetrad

Front

a paired set of homologous chromosomes, each composed of two sister chromatids

Back

zygote

Front

fertilized egg -one set of chromosomes from each parent -diploid cell produces somatic cells by mitosis

Back

karyotype

Front

Micrograph of the complete diploid set of chromosomes grouped together in pairs, arranged in order of decreasing size

Back

random fertilization

Front

source of genetic variation caused by the unlimited number of possible sperm & egg combinations

Back

somatic cell

Front

have two sets of chromosomes -go through mitosis -nonreproductive body cells

Back

gene

Front

A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses). Codes for RNA, polypeptides, and proteins

Back

genetic recombination

Front

the regrouping of genes in an offspring that results in a genetic makeup that is different from that of the parents

Back