Section 1
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Increase Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
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Last updated
6 years ago
Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (76)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Increase Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
Most Anemias, Infections, Inflammation, Cancer, Renal disease, Pregnancy
Margination & Rolling is mediated by
PEG (P-selectin, E-selectin, and GlyCAM-1 on vasculature) Sialyl Lewis, Sialyl Lewis, and L-selectin, respectively on leukocyte
strabismus
improper eye alignment
aphthous ulcers
benign, non-contagious mouth ulcers
CA-125
Epithelial ovarian cancers produce this tumor marker.
nephritic syndrome
presents with RBC casts
Klebsiella pneumoniae
triple "A" tail- common in Alcoholics, leads to Abscesses, often causes Aspiration pneumonia
Parvovirus B19
=5ths disease= erythema infectiosum= slapped cheek rash (when you get slapped, there are 5 fingers left on your face)
CA 19-9
tumor marker monitored post adenocarcinoma of the pancreas
Cold agglutinin is
IgM (Ice cream is COLD, yuMM)
Valsalva maneuver
During ... strain, chest pressure and peripheral venous pressures increase while venous return to the heart is decreased
Hamartoma
overgrowth of normal tissue in normal location
nucleotide excision repair via UV-specific endonuclease
thymine dimers are repaired by...
G6PD deficiency
Low NADPH leads to hemolytic anemia (free radicals) with bite cells and heinz bodies Fava beans, sulfonamides, primiquine, dapsone X-linked recessive
Macrocytic anemia from chronic alcoholism
Round macrocytes and target cells
acute pyelonephritis
presents with WBC casts
Choristoma (ectopia)
normal tissue in a foreign location
coryza (rhinitis)
runny nose
Mucinous breast carcinoma
IL-1 and TNF-alpha
major roles in rheumatoid arthritis
acute tubular necrosis
presents with muddy brown casts
Microangiopathic anemia
Mechanical destruction of RBCs.
nephritic syndrome
periorbital edema, hematuria, HTN
DiGeorge Syndrome
Maldevelopment of 3 and 4 pharyngeal pouches, fascial dysmorphia, cardiac shunt, lack of T-cells, undeveloped paracortex
Malignant nephrosclerosis
characterized by fibrinoid necrosis and hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis ("onion-skin" appearance)
claudication
pain and/or cramping with exercise due to inadequate perfusion
hypoperfusion
causes pre-renal acute kidney injury
Neutrophils are attracted by
bacterial products, IL-8, C5a, LTB4
rapidly progressive (crescentic) glomerulonephritis
agnosia
inability to process sensory information
Adhesion (tight binding) is mediated by
IV (ICAM-1, VCAM-1 on vasculature) CD11/18 integrins (LFA-1, Mac-1), VLA-4 integrin on leukocyte
Anaplasia
Complete lack of differentiation of cells in a malignant neoplasm
allodynia
Pain due to a stimulus that does not normally provoke pain
dysmetria
over or undershooting touching a mark
Decrease Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
Sickle cell anemia, Polycythemia, HF, Microcytosis, Hypofibrinogenemia
DiapePEdesis is mediated by
PECAM-1 (CD31) on both vasculature and leukocyte
Hirchsprung disease
The rectum and anus are always involved, and the sigmoid colon is also involved in 75% of cases of ...
Warthin tumor (papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum)
Roseola
Row-six-ola (HHV-6)
hyporeflexia
damage to the dorsal root ganglia will lead to
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
impaired phagolysosome formation. Pathophys: Microtubule polymerization disorder means the "tracks" to get around the cell are broken, as such transport of phagosomes is deficient.
congenital toxoplasmosis
triad includes hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications, and chorioretinitis
Lynch
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) ______ syndrome is an autosomal dominant genetic condition that is associated with a high risk of colon cancer
Urine Bence Jones crystals
IL-4 & IL-5
prominent role in mast cell function &, thus, atopic disorders
IL-12 & IL-24
produced by activated T cells & prominent in psoriasis
macrosomia
birth weight > 8lb, 14oz
IL-2
T & B lymphocytes proliferate when stimulated by_________.
Proliferative glomerulonephritis
post-strep glomerulonephritis is proliferative glomerulonephritis caused by type III hypersensitivity
Autosomal Ressesive
In general, most enzyme deficiency conditions follow an __________ inheritance pattern.
Section 2
(26 cards)