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OS Exam1

OS Exam1

memorize.aimemorize.ai (lvl 286)
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28 cards
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Section 1

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firmware

Front

1 / 28

iOS DevSwift
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Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (28)

Section 1

(28 cards)

firmware

Front

When and how to load each piece of the operating system after the power is turned on

Back

Data representation

Front

____ ____ makes it possible to convert letters, sounds, and images into a form computers can use for processing

Back

Symmetric

Front

____: all processors execute all functions of the OS

Back

operating system

Front

__ __ - Chief software component - Manages all hardware and all software and controls: Every file, device, section of main memory, and moment of processing time • Who can use the system and how system is used

Back

digital

Front

A ____ device works with discrete data, such as the digits 1 and 0

Back

Relocatable

Front

___ Dynamic Partitions • Compaction (memory defragmentation): operating system reclaims fragmented memory space sections Memory Manager: relocates programs - All empty blocks: gathered together • Empty blocks: compacted - Make one memory block: large enough to accommodate some or all waiting jobs

Back

Soft

Front

___ real-time systems: suffer performance degradation as a consequence of a missed deadline (supervisory)

Back

integrated circuits

Front

Most electronic components inside a computer are ____ ____

Back

Moore's Law

Front

Each new processor chip compared to its predecessor • Twice as much capacity • Released within 18-24 months

Back

primary

Front

RAM is ___ storage (main memory)

Back

Blade

Front

___ Processors: Multiple boards, Indiv. POST

Back

Asymmetric

Front

____: master processor controls system, all other processors execute assigned job

Back

registers

Front

ALU (arithmetic logic unit) - Performs arithmetic operations - Performs logical operations - Uses ___to hold data being processed

Back

memory, Optimization

Front

Main memory management is critical • Entire system performance is dependent on two items: - Amount of ___ available - ___ of memory during job processing

Back

virtual memory

Front

___ ___a technique that allows programs to be executed even though they are not stored entirely in memory.

Back

analog

Front

An ____ device works with continuous data

Back

18, 24

Front

Moore's Law (Gordon Moore) Each new processor chip compared to its predecessor • Twice as much capacity • Released within __-__ months

Back

Network

Front

This manager Coordinates the services required for multiple systems to work cohesively together

Back

single user

Front

__ __ Contiguous Scheme • Entire program: loaded into memory • Contiguous memory space: allocated as needed • Memory Manager: performs minimal work - Evaluates incoming process size: loads if small enough to fit; otherwise, rejects and evaluates next incoming process - Monitors and returns memory when done

Back

ALU, control unit

Front

The CPU has two major parts •____ - Performs arithmetic operations - Performs logical operations - Uses registers to hold data being processed • The CPU's __ __ directs and coordinates processing

Back

interrupt

Front

An ____ triggers a change of mode

Back

Memory, Processor, Device, File

Front

Operating System Includes four essential subsystem managers - ____ Manager - ____ Manager - ____ Manager - ____ Manager

Back

single, fixed, dynamic, relocatable

Front

Four types: memory allocation schemes • ___-user systems • ___ partitions • ___ partitions • ___ dynamic partitions

Back

memory, needed, minimal, size, memory

Front

Single-User Contiguous Scheme • Entire program: loaded into ____ • Contiguous memory space: allocated as ___ • Memory Manager: performs ___ work - Evaluates incoming process ___: loads if small enough to fit; otherwise, rejects and evaluates next incoming process - Monitors and returns ____ when done

Back

Hard

Front

___ real-time systems: risk total system failure if the predicted time deadline is missed (actuation)

Back

crystal

Front

integrated circuits - Thin slices of silicon ___ packed with microscopic circuit elements

Back

Fixed

Front

___ Partitions • Permits multiprogramming • Main memory: partitioned - Each partition: one job - Static • Responsibilities - Protecting each job's memory space - Matching job size with partition size

Back

digitize

Front

A computer must ____ colors, notes, and instrument sounds into 1s and 0s

Back