Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition
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James Madison
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Father of the Constitution
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Bill of Rights
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The First 10 Amendments, the Anti-Federalist wanted them before they would ratify the Constitution-
First 10 amendments to the Constitution
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Alexander Hamilton
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Federalist
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Republicanism
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A form of government in which people elect representatives to create and enforce laws
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The Philadelphia Convention of 1787
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1787--12 colonies send delegates to revise the Articles of Confederation; Delegates soon agree the United States needs a new Constitution
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the 3/5s Compromise
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Slaves would count as part of a person for representation-
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Federalist Papers
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Essays in favor of the Constitution=A collection of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison under the name "Publius" to defend the Constitution in detail.
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Northwest Ordinance
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Changes territories to states
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7th Amendment
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Right to a trial by jury in civil cases
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Electoral College
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Constitutional system for electing president and vice president. Each state has electors = to number of senators + representatives (DC also has 3 because of 23rd Amendment). Citizens of state vote for candidate. Winner gets all electoral college votes (except Maine & Nebraska which uses proportional system). Winner of majority of electoral college votes becomes president. If no majority then President picked by House from top 3 candidates.
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Constitutional Convention of 1787
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Met to change the Articles of Confederation
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Suffrage
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the right to vote
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Popular Sovereignty
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People are the ultimate authority-
A belief that ultimate power resides in the people.
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The New Jersey Plan
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Representation based equal vote for each state-a plan that called for modifications of the Articles of Confederation, a well as equal representation from each state
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3rd Amendment
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No quartering of Soldiers
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Judicial Branch
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Interprets the laws
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2nd Amendment
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Right to bear arms
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The Great Compromise
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Two house, one based on population and the other based on equality- Roger Sherman
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Checks and Balances
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the president can veto a law
the congress can override a veto
the supreme court can rule laws unconstitutional
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5th Amendment
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Criminal Proceedings; Due Process; Eminent Domain; Double Jeopardy; Protection from Self incrimination
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James Madison
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Father of the Constitution
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Roger Sherman
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Author of the Great Compromise
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Antifederalist
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They were against the Constitution-
A person who opposed the adoption of the United States Constitution. They wanted a Bill of Rights
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Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom
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No person has go to a particular church
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12th Amendment
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Revises presidential election procedures
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Patrick Henry
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Leader of the Anti-Federalist
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The Virginia Plan
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Representation based on population
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George Washington
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President of the Constitutional Convention
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Land ordinance of 1785
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The Articles of Confederation, Orderly growth
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Limited Government
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A principle of constitutional government; a government whose powers are defined and limited by a constitution.
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6th Amendment
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The right to counsel in criminal trials (1) Speedy and public trial (2) Accused must be told charges (3) right to counsel (free lawyer if poor) (4) right to jury in criminal cases
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Legislative Branch
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They make laws-bicameral-two houses
Makes laws
Branch of government that passes laws
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Separation of Power
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Legislative Branch makes laws
Executive Branch carries out the laws
Judicial Branch interprets laws-
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English Bill of Rights
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Parliament Rules
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Federalism
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A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments
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Representative Government(A Republic)
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Elects Representatives
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8th Amendment
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cruel and unusual punishment
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Articles of Confederation
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First Constitution, Very Weak
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4th Amendment
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Search and Seizure
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Montesquieu
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Separation of powers
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Executive Branch
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Carries out the laws
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Federalist
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They were for the Constitution-A term used to describe supporters of the Constitution during ratification debates in state legislatures.
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Shay's Rebellion
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Tax rebellion that showed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
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Limited Government
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Government is limited it in what can or can not do-
A principle of constitutional government; a government whose powers are defined and limited by a constitution.