Section 1

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Record

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Last updated

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Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (92)

Section 1

(50 cards)

Record

Front

a complete set of fields relating to an entity, such as person

Back

Linker

Front

a program used to load information that the executable code will need, such as read a keyboard or calculate square roots

Back

Initialise

Front

to give a starting value to a variable

Back

Source Code

Front

human-written and human-readable version of a program

Back

Random Files

Front

records of identical length with fields that must be rigidly defined in advance

Back

Genetic Programming

Front

Genetic programming is the process of enhancing computer programs using algorithms inspired by biological evolution. Programming languages that lend themselves naturally to genetic programming are those able to evaluate their own code natively.

Back

Modular Programming

Front

breaking programs into small sections of code to simplify debugging and allow the re-use of modules in other programs

Back

Operating System (OS)

Front

software program that manage a computer's hardware and run programs

Back

Primary Storage

Front

Primary storage is a computers random-access memory (RAM).

Back

Pseudocode

Front

code that designs algorithms in a clear, human-readable, language-independent formal

Back

Communication Hardware

Front

hardware that transmits data between computers and networked devices.

Back

Secondary Storage

Front

permanent secondary storage stores data, information and applications when they are not actively used.

Back

Iteration

Front

looping or repeating

Back

Object

Front

any item that a program can inspect and/or change, in terms of appearance, behavior or data

Back

Validation Rules

Front

rules that a user must follow when entering the data to check the reasonableness (not accuracy) of data's range, type and existence.

Back

Ports

Front

physical connectors (sockets) for cables

Back

Output devices

Front

instruments and peripherals, such as printers and monitors, that display information from a computer in human-readable form

Back

Platform

Front

a combination of OS and CPU

Back

Queues

Front

Used when something (like a printer) cannot keep up with the incoming data/command. Instead of discarding the code, it is stored in a queue.

Back

Field

Front

a single data item in a record; e.g FamilyName

Back

Debugger

Front

A program that helps to remove programming errors (bugs)

Back

Sequential File

Front

plain text with variable field lengths, such as CSV; large files are slow to search

Back

mock-up

Front

a sketch showing how a screen or printout will look, which is used to aid in the design of an interface

Back

Two-dimensional (2D) array

Front

A table with rows and columns, similar to a spreadsheet.

Back

Accessibility

Front

Ease of use by people with disabilities or special needs.

Back

Epoch/POSIX/UNIX

Front

Sometimes referred to as Epoch time, POSIX time, and Unix time, epoch is an operating system starting point that determines a computers time and date by counting the ticks from the epoch.

Back

Interface

Front

within software, the place where people control the program, enter data and receive output

Back

Editor

Front

a specialised word processor for creating human-readable programming instructions

Back

Style Guide

Front

in software devolpment a set of instructions for programmers about how to design software for the developer's platforms

Back

Reduced instruction set computing (RISC)

Front

CPUs (like ARM), which have smaller instruction sets than complex instruction set computing (CISC) CPUs

Back

Prototype

Front

a demonstration product that looks and feels like a finished program, but may be incomplete or not fully functional

Back

Arrays

Front

storage structures with many 'slots' (elements) that are addressed by number, arrays are managed with loops

Back

Primary Storage

Front

random-access memory (RAM), which provides storage of data, information and software during program execution

Back

Input devices

Front

instruments and peripherals, such as keyboards, that allow users to give data and commands to software and the OS

Back

Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

Front

a unified programming tool

Back

Array

Front

Arrays are a storage structure with multiple, numbered, storage slots. Arrays used with loops are a powerful programming tool.

Back

One-dimensional (1D) array

Front

A single column of data, similar to a list.

Back

Processing Hardware

Front

(CPU, GPU) hardware that runs the operating system, utilities and applications

Back

Stack

Front

Simple, basic way of temporarily storing data. First-in last-out data (FILO) or last-in first-out (LIFO) structures.

Back

Properties

Front

characteristics such as width, color, visibility

Back

Default Value

Front

used if the user does provide an alternative value; a word processor may default to using Arial typeface, 12pt, with single-spacing

Back

Random-access Memory (RAM)

Front

the primary and most common form of hardware storage; it can be accessed randomly, meaning that byte of memory is accessible without touching the preceding bytes

Back

Loosely Typed Language

Front

A loosely typed language is a programming language that does not require a variable to be defined.

Back

Code Modules

Front

subroutines or subprograms; a function is a special type of module because it sends back (returns) a value; programmers must keep track of storage structures in multiple modules, making data dictionaries even more valuables.

Back

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Front

the 'brain' of a digital system; the handler of most of a system's data manipulation

Back

Absolute Coding

Front

Absolute coding is a method of computer programming where the writer uses absolute instead of indirect addressing.

Back

Queue

Front

a 'First In First Out' stack, storing incoming data or jobs to be processed in order

Back

Methods

Front

actions a GUI object can carry out; e.g. window.refresh.

Back

Secondary Storage (HDD, SSD)

Front

permanent storage

Back

Graphics Processor Unit (GPU)

Front

a very fast and expensive processor specifically designed for high-speed image processing in graphics cards

Back

Section 2

(42 cards)

Desk checking

Front

Desk checking is a technique used to check the logic of an algorithm manually. Essentially, the programmer imitates a compiler and manually tests pseudocode logic by steping through the lines of code to check that the values are as they should be each point. Throughout the check, you must adhere to specified logic

Back

Communication hardware

Front

Hardware that transmits data between computers and networked devices.

Back

Algorithm

Front

a process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.

Back

Internal documetation

Front

Internal documentation explains the functioning and purpose of source code to programmers to make code more meaningful Useful comments add information that is not already obvious in the code

Back

Event Handlers

Front

Procedures to handle events such as "WHEN THE USER CLICKS THIS BUTTON, TAKE THIS ACTION..."

Back

CPU(Central Processing Unit)

Front

Is often thought of as the 'brain' of a digital system and it handles most of a systems data manipulation.

Back

Ports

Front

Physical connectors (sockets) for cables

Back

Loops

Front

Much of the power of software comes from the ability to automate repetitive actions. Using a loop - doing something 100 000 times - is just as easy as doing it twice In the number of required repetitions is not known in advance, use an uncounted loop

Back

NAS (Network-Attatched Storage)

Front

Networked team of HDDs

Back

Operating system (OS)

Front

Software programs that manage a computer's hardware and run programs.

Back

Linear Search

Front

Checks every individual item in turn to see if it matches the item for which you are searching. May be very slow when there is a lot of data to search, but it is easy to program.

Back

Non Contiguous Data Structure

Front

Non contiguous data structure is a method of storing data in a non contiguous or adjoining sectors of memory.

Back

Runtime errors

Front

Runtime errors are caused by factors during the execution of a program, such as - the computer running out of memory - hard disk errors - Operating system failure - a problem with network connectivity - Incompatibility with another program running on the computer, such as anti-virus software. - incoreect or outdated device drivers.

Back

Elegant code

Front

Effective, short code also known as a "neat hack".

Back

Input Devices

Front

Are instruments and peripherals such as keyboards, that enableusers to send data and commands to software and the operating system.

Back

Counted loops

Front

The classic counted loop is FOR/NEXT, which uses a variable as a counter ( the index) to keep track of its progress as it loops form its starting point to its ending point.

Back

Logical errors

Front

Logical errors occur when a programmmer uses a wrong strategy. To the computer, nothing is wrong with the syntax. The problem is that the instructions are just plain wrong.

Back

Compiler

Front

programs that convert source code into executable programs

Back

Uncounted loops

Front

Uncounted loops keep cycling while a logical test is true; for example, while the temperature is les that 54 degrees celsius, or until we reach the last record in the file.

Back

GPU(Graphics Processing Unit)

Front

An expensive processor specifically designed for high-speed image processing in graphic cards.

Back

Processing Hardware

Front

The digital processor that converts data into information and controls all of the other hardware in the system.

Back

Debugging

Front

The best-laid plans of programmers can go stray in three main ways: 1 syntax errors 2 logical errors 3 runtime errors

Back

Syntax errors

Front

Compilers expect precise instructions in a strict format with no ambiguity. If any source code cannot be understood by the compiler because the syntax does not match what the computer expects, it will stop working until the code is fixed

Back

Utilities

Front

Usually small, single-purpose software tools that do a specific job or add functionality to an operating system.

Back

Affordance

Front

Back

Pseudo Code

Front

A detalied but readable strategy to write algorithm thats more efficient in writing than source code.

Back

Editor

Front

A specialised word processor for creating human-readable programming instructions

Back

Output Devices

Front

Are instruments and peripherals such as printers and monitors that display information from a computer in human readable form.

Back

Storage Structures

Front

places memory holding data that is being used by a program

Back

Object-Orientated Programming

Front

Lets programmers hand off a lot of work to the OS, such as detecting events like mouse clicks, sorting list box items and scrolling windows.

Back

Applications

Front

Used to perform work or complete larger tasks.

Back

Storage Hardware

Front

Storage hardware retains data and software for both immediate and later use. It comes in two main types: primary storage and secondary storage.

Back

Useability

Front

Back

GUI

Front

It makes software easier for end-users not interested in becoming power users.

Back

SSD

Front

Solid state drives store data in non-volatile NAND RAM (similar to that used in Flash drives and SD cards).

Back

Prototypes

Front

A demonstration product that looks and feels like a finished program, but may be incomplete or not fully functional.

Back

Power Users

Front

Are generally experts who have learned various efficient techniques, such as keyboard shortcuts and command-line text-based instructions.

Back

Default Action

Front

the operation that the software with carry out when the user does not give more detailed instructions

Back

Thin Client

Front

is a client computer or client software in client/ server network that depends on the server for computer processing which in turn serves up the information to the client.

Back

Interface Mock-up

Front

A place where people can control the program, enter data and receive

Back

Compiler

Front

Programs that convert source code into executable programs

Back

Logic

Front

Digital logic is used to control a program's behavior under different conditions.

Back