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anaphase II
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Last updated
6 years ago
Date created
Mar 14, 2020
Cards (52)
Section 1
(50 cards)
anaphase II
sister chromatids separate
hybrids
Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
traits
Characteristics that are inherited
anaphase
Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
sexual reproduction
A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents
heterozygous
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait
fertilization
Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell
metaphase I
Pairs of homologous chromosomes move to the equator of the cell.
zygote
fertilized egg
asexual reproduction
Process by which a single parent reproduces by itself
metaphase II
Chromosomes line up at the equator.
filial generation
offspring generation(s) of a genetic cross; abbreviated F1, F2, and so on
interphase
period of the cell cycle between cell divisions
phenotype
An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
selective breeding
The process of selecting a few organisms with desired traits to serve as parents of the next generation
parent generation
P generation
cytokinesis
division of the cytoplasm
egg
Female sex cell
mitosis
part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides
recessive gene
Gene that is hidden when the dominant gene is present
prophase II
The duplicated chromosomes and spindle fibers reappear in each new cell.
allele
Different forms of a gene
heredity
Passing of traits from parents to offspring
anaphase I
Homologous chrmosomes move to the oppisite poles of the cell.
variation
Any difference between individuals of the same species.
regeneration
The ability to regrow a missing part of the body
telophase
After the chromosome seperates, the cell seals off, Final Phase of Mitosis.
environment
every nongenetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us
interphase
period of the cell cycle between cell divisions
mutation
A change in a gene or chromosome.
telophase II
The spindle fibres disappear, and a nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes.
RNA
ribonucleic acid
budding
A form of asexual reproduction of yeast in which a new cell grows out of the body of a parent.
dominant gene
A gene that is expressed in the offspring whenever it is present
metaphase
Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
offspring
Product of reproduction, a new organism produced by one or more parents
DNA
A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.
purebred
the offspring of many generations that have the same traits
sperm
Male sex cell
meiosis
Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms
genotype
genetic makeup of an organism
natural selection
A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.
cytokinesis
division of the cytoplasm
homozygous
An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait
genetics
The scientific study of heredity
diploid
(genetics) an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number
prophase I
The chromosomes condense, and the nuclear envelope breaks down. crossing-over occurs.
punnett square
A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross
haploid
(genetics) an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes
prophase
Chromosomes become visable, nuclear envelop dissolves, spindle forms
Section 2
(2 cards)