Section 1
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Terrorism
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Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (74)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Terrorism
Acts of violence designed to promote a specific ideology or agenda by creating panic among an enemy population (i.e. 9/11/2001 attacks on U.S.)
Law of the Sea
laws establishing states' rights and responsibilities concerning the ownership and use of the Earth's waters and their resources
Reapportionment
Process by which representative districts are switched according to population shifts, so that each district encompasses approximately the same number of people
Political Geography
A subdivision of human geography focused on the nature and implications of the evolving spatial organization of political governance and formal political practice on the Earth's surface. It is concerned with why political spaces emerge in the places that they do and with how the character of those spaces affects social, political, economic, and environmental understandings and practices.
nation-state
A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality (i.e. Japan)
Defined Boundary
boundary is created in agreement between two parties in a treaty or other legal document
Colonialism
Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory. (i.e. British Empire)
supranational organization
An organization that operates across multiple states for political, economic, or military cooperation; States transfer some sovereignty to the union by joining.
stateless nation
A nationality that is not represented by a state. (i.e. Palestine)
Cold War
A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union. The nations never directly confronted each other on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for years.
Federal vs. unitary state
Unitary: Power is held by one central power (in our case, federal government). Federal: Power is split between this central government authority and its constituent states
Devolution
The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government.
Unitary
A nation-state that has a centralized government and administration that exercises power equally over all parts of the state
multistate nation
nation that stretches across borders and across states (i.e. Kurdistan)
state
An area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government with control over its internal and foreign affairs.
Federal
a political-territorial system wherein a central government represents the various entities within a nation-state where they have common interest- defense, foreign affairs, and the like- yet allows these various entities to retain their own identities and to have their own laws, policies, and customs in certain spheres.
voting districts
generic term adopted by the Bureau of the Census to include the wide variety of small polling areas, such as election districts, precincts, or wards, that State and local governments create for the purpose of administering elections
Delimited Boundary
a line drawn on a map to show the limits of a space
Centrifrugal
things that cause disunity in the state (ex: political, religious, or economic conflict)
Supranationalism
three or more countries agree to give up a degree of autonomy in order to pursue common goals. (ex. European Union)
Democratization
the process of creating a government elected by the people (adopting democracy)
Centripetal
An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state
United Nations
An international organization formed after WWII to promote international peace, security, and cooperation.
Globalization
Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope.
Balkanization
Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities (i.e. Yugoslavia)
NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)
Allows open trade between the US, Mexico, and Canada. (Now called USMCA)
European Union (EU)
the world's largest common market, composed of 28 European nations
natural boundary
A boundary created by a physical feature, such as a mountain, river, or strait
nation
a group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sense of unity (i.e. "Japanese")
autonomous region
A formal region within a state that enjoys limited sovereignty; Similar to devolution.
centripetal force
An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state (i.e. common national identity, linguistic, religious, or ethnic similarities)
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
A 1949 defense alliance initiated by the US, Canada, and 10 Western European nations
Territoriality
Defense of a space against encroachment by other individuals.
Sovereignty
Ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states.
Democracy
A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them
Demarcated Boundary
A boundary demarcated (marked) by some visible means on the ground. Ex. wall posts, fences, etc.
UN
United Nations, a supranational organization.
Communism
A theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state.
Separatism (Devolution)
the advocacy or practice of separation of a certain group of people from a larger body on the basis of ethnicity, religion, or gender. (Catalonia in Spain)
ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
An international organization linking together the 10 most important countries of Southeast Asia
Nationalism
A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country (i.e. Nazi Germany)
Imperialism
A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. (i.e. United States actions in the Middle East, Vietnam, Korea, Philippines, etc.)
centrifugal force
a force that divides people and countries (armed conflicts, uneven economic development, ethnic movements)
Irredentism
a policy of cultural extension and potential political expansion by a country aimed at a group of its nationals living in a neighboring country (i.e. Russia invading Ukraine in 2014)
Gerrymandering
Process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power.
Autonomous region
a political unit with limited self-government (i.e. Hong Kong)
political map
A map showing units such as countries, states, provinces, districts, etc. Each is normally a different color
Redistricting
The redrawing of congressional and other legislative district lines following the census, to accommodate population shifts and keep districts as equal as possible in population.
multinational state
State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities. (i.e. Canada)
Devolution
The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government.
Section 2
(24 cards)