Section 1
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a==b
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Cards (101)
Section 1
(50 cards)
a==b
a is equal to b
String variable
can hold text that includes letters, digits, and special characters such as punctuation marks. Enclosed in " " or ' '. $Example = "It is raining";
Post
"Better" method of sending data from forms over Internet. this method should always be used when changes are to be made.
Submit button uses ____ and _____ send methods
Get and Post
Double branch "if" Statement
A branching method which executes one of two blocks of code. it is used when one wants to do one thing or another thing.
print " ";
PHP command which writes out the string enclosed within the quotes to the page before the page is sent back to user. Tag can inset HTML. CAN ONLY OUTPUT A SINGLE STRING.
a != b
a is not equal to b
Variable names
$Variable (YES) $_variable (YES) $1Variable (NO) $Variable1 (YES)
string operator
An operator defined for strings. ( . and = )
Get Method
Sends the encoded info in URL of page request. info is separated from page address by question (?) mark. Sensitive info may be viewed.
Get
Slightly less secure method of sending data from forms over Internet. Length restrictions of 255 or 1024 characters.
CGI Scripts
Small programs that define how the webpage is to be structured.
A > B
A is greater than B
Floating point variable
fractional number
PHP is a scripting language used to
control the automatic generation of HTML pages
echo " ";
PHP command which writes out the string enclosed within the quotes to the webpage before the page is sent back to the user. Can insert HTML code into page. Output a list of (MULTIPLE) strings separated by commas.
nullipotent
The concept that doing something 0 or more times makes no difference. Looking up an address in a database will not make changes in the database.
How would the string variable "Doesn't" be coded?
$variable = "doesn\'t";
A < B
A is less than B
Condition
A part of branching statement which determines the branch to be taken. It is usually a Boolean expression.
Boolean variable
can hold only hold 'true' or 'false' values $Example = false;
Integer Variables
Contains who numbers $variable = 45;
Went data is sent:
It is first encoded using a scheme called URL encoding
Idempotent
The concept that doing one something or more time makes no difference. Example: updating address in a database will result in the same data bring stored whether you make the same change once or many times. there also exists a mathematical definition for this term.
String operator example
<? php $a = "sailing"; $b = "is"; $c = "smooth"; $statement = $a.' '.$b.' '.$c;
$_Get[' '];
PHP function (array/command) which returns data from a submitted HTML form. function used when "method=get".
Single Branch "If" Statement
Branching statement which either execute code or doesn't execute code. It is used when either one wants to do something or not do it.
PHP generally runs in conjunction with _____ web server.
APACHE
URL Encoding
Uses "name=value" pairs. These pairs are joined with ampersand (&). Ex: name1=Value1&Name2=Value2
PHP is popular because
It is powerful, easy to learn, and free.
The _____ converts the PHP code to ___ before it is sent to browser.
Web server; HTML
Floating point variables
Contains numbers with fractions $Example = 4.56;
arithmetic operators
(Modules) +, -, *, /, % (Also: +=, -=, (x)=, /=)
Form codes
<?php $MyFirstName = $_POST['FirstName'] echo "Your full name is:<i>".$MyFirstName."</i>": ?> <form action="MyPage.php" method="post"> <input type="text"> <input type="Send My Name" value="Send"> </form>
$_Post[' '];
PHP array which returns data from submitted HTML form. function is used when "method=post" placed in form tag on html form page.
Languages
Perl, ASP, PHP
Post Method
transfers info by way of HTTP headers. Data is encoded and put into headed called QUERY_STRING. Used to send ASCII as well as binary data. The data goes through HTTP headed so security depends on HTTP protocol. HTTPS:// vs. HTTP:// . Can change in data. Data may be hijacked. Passwords may be learned. Servers discovered. Personal info be revealed. Data may be back tracked.
$_REQUEST[' '];
PHP array which returns data from a submitted HTML form using data from the get or post methods or cookies. Could be dangerous.
/ This is a _______ /
Multi-line comment
Switch Statement
Like multi-way branching, but in a simpler form. May be used with simple variables (integers and strings). (Branching statement which executes one of many blocks of code.)
CGI
Common Gateway Interface. Standard which defines the way that the web server may create web pages.
Boolean variable
True or false
Integer Variable
a variable that stores an integer (number) value.
Multi-Branch if Statement
A branch statement which executes one of many blocks of code. there is a condition at start of each block. It is used when one wants to do one of many things..
Variable types: ____ , _____ , ____ , ____
string, integer, floating point, Boolean
PHP code is _____ seen by browser.
never
//This is a ______
single line comment
assignment operator
the symbol =, which is used to store a value in a variable
<?php and ?>
Tags used to begin and end a block of PHP code, setting it apart from the surrounding HTML code.
String variable
Text only
Section 2
(50 cards)
Check box PHP code
<input type="checkbox" name="thing[ ]" value="Ketchup"/> Ketchup
Value
The word which refers to the data stored in an element of an array
Associative array
An array in which the elements are accessed by an associated key. The $_POST[ ] array is an example to such an array
logical NOT operator
a symbol that reverses the meaning of a Boolean expression. (Uses ! symbol) !(a>b)
Checkbox group
A group of checkboxes having the same Name with the ending in [ ] brackets.
While Loop Example
Iterate while the condition is true while (condition) { do this thing } $ar=array("ax","of","be") $i=0; while($ar[$i] !="or") { $i++; };
Safer than PHP_SELF
htmlentities($_SERVER['PHP_SELF'])
$things=array(red,2,blue);
Syntax for creating an array named things
while loop format
while (expression/condition) { (body) statement; }
Counter
The variable used to hold the count of a loop
increment and decrement operators
Third parameter of the for loop used to change the counter. it is executed at the end of the loop.
While loop
A control flow statement that allows code to be executed repeatedly until the condition changes to false. Possible the statements may not be executed.
if statement structure
if (expression) { // Statements to execute when the expression is true (first branch) }
do while loop example
$ar=array("ax","of","be") $i=-1; do{ $i++; } while($ar[$i] !="or");
2-dimensional array
An array that uses two subscript to locate it's elements. Table.
Double branch example
if ($hr>40) { $ot=40-$hr; $rh=40; } else { $ot=0; $rh=$hr }
For each loop syntax
For each(array_expression as value_element) {Body of Loop (statement to be repeated) }
Array syntax
Dim arrayName(intLastIndex) As DataType
1D Arrays example
$word=array("Ball", "Bat", "Club")
Switch statement example
Switch ($var){ case 1: $output= 'do something if $var contains a 1'; break; case 2: $output= 'do something if $var contains a 2'; break; case 3: case 4: $output='Do something if $var contains a 3 or 4'; break; default: $output=' Do something if $var contains something else';
Initialization
The first parameter of the for loop used to set the starting value of the counter. This is always done before the loop body is entered.
For Loop Example
$s=0; For ($i=2;i<5;$i++) { $s=$s+1+$i; };
increment operator
++; increases the value of a variable by 1
Test or condition
The second paramenter of the loop used to determine when the looping stops. it is executed at the beginning of each iteration or loop.
Value element
Name of variable which will hold value of the element of the array or record it.
isset( )
A function which checks to see if variable has he set and not null
For loop
Runs a block of code over and over for a set number of times. Counter controlled loop which may start the counter at any integer value. The counter may be used within the loop body.
Switch statement works with ____ and ____ variables
integers and string
$things[2]
Way to access element to of an array
Condition
A Boolean expression that is tested for a "True" or "False" value. Used to determine when a conditional loop stops.
a <= b
a is less than or equal to b
for each loop
A shorthand way to visit every element of a collection in order. A loop used for stepping through each element of an array of each record in a database. It is useful when you don't know how many elements you will need to loop through.
1-Dimensional Array
An array which only has one subscript. A list.
decrement operator
the operator (--) that decreases the value of a numerical variable by one
Array
A series of memory locations all with the same name which may be accessed through some type of index or key
3-dimensional array
An array which uses three subscript to located it's elements. Rubik's cube.
Body loop
Executed once for each element in an array or each records in the record set
a >= b
a is greater than or equal to b
Subscript
Another word uses for the index or key
submit buttons
<?php if(isset($_POST['Submit'])) { $name=$_POST['name']; echo "User has submitted the form and entered this name: <b>$name</b>"; else { ?> <form method="post" action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>"> <input type=text name="name"> <input type="Submit" name="Submit" value="Submit Form"> </form> <?php } ?>
Body
Contains statements which are to be repeated
is_array
A function to check if a variable is an array
Switch statement
switch (variable you're check against) { case label: code; break; default:
do while loop
This loop always iterates at least once.
Switch Statement example 2
Switch ($var){ case "John": $output= 'do something if $var contains "John" '; break; case "Mary": $output= 'do something if $var contains "Mary" '; break; default: $output=' Do something if $var contains something else';
Multi branch if Statement
if ($a<0) { echo "negative"; } else if ($a==0){ echo "equal zero"; } else if ($a<=40){ echo "between 0 and 40"; }
logical OR operator
Short circuits to true if the first operand is true, and skips evaluating the second operand. - ||
For loop syntax
for(initialization; test or condition; increment) { Body of loop (statements to be repeated) }
2D Array example
$row0=array(hi,bye,no) $row1=array(fun,hate,yes) $AdditionTable=array($row0, $row1) access: $AdditionTable[0][1]
logical AND operator
-two ampersands && -used between two boolean expressions to determine whether both are true
Section 3
(1 card)