Section 1
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Net Force
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Last updated
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Date created
Mar 14, 2020
Cards (52)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Net Force
F(net) or ∑F. The resultant of all forces acting on an object.
Weight
The gravitational force exerted on an object by a planet. Vector always points downwards. Measured in newtons.
Normal Force
An object at rest is subject to a perpendicular force as it compresses the atomic springs. The more they are compressed, the harder they push up. Adjusts itself so an object stays on the surface without penetrating it. Also referred to as the apparent weight.
Newton's First Law
An object will maintain constant velocity unless acted upon by a net force.
Equation for Weight
w>=Fnet>=ma> w=mg
Apparent Weight
W(app). The magnitude of the contact force. Your sensation of weight is due to contact forces pressing against you.
What is the only force acting on an object during freefall?
Weight (gravitational pull)
When an object is in freefall, its apparent weight is...
Equal to zero (sensation of weightlessness)
What direction will the acceleration be in?
The same direction as the net force.
Mathematical Representation of N2L
∑F=ma
Mass and acceleration are (...) related
Inversely.
Dynamics
Describes the causes of motion using Newton's Laws
Mathematical Representation of Equilibrium
∑F=0.
Static Friction
F(s). A resistive force that keeps an object at rest when a force is applied to that object. The amount can change, it is always equal to the applied force. It is dependent on the normal force and the coefficient of static friction. If you overcome static friction, it becomes kinetic friction.
If you are accelerating downwards, your apparent weight is...
Less than you actual weight
If you are accelerating upwards, your apparent weight is...
Greater than your actual weight
Free Body Diagrams
Picture representation used to show the relative magnitude and direction of all forces action on an object.
Pan Balance
A measuring device for mass where you put an object with unknown mass on one side, and add masses to the other until they balance. Gravity pulls down on each side, comparing the masses.
Newton
A measure of force. N=kg*m/s^2
The more mass an object has, the (...) its force due to weight.
Greater
The magnitude of the weight force is (...) proportional to the mass.
Directly
Force
(F). A push or a pull. Gravity always pulls. Forces are vector quantities (important to know direction).
Equation for Spring Scale Force
Fsp>=w=mg
Weightless
There is no apparent weight, but the actual weight is still =mg.
Perpendicular Component of Weight
F(perp)=Fwcos=mgcos Related to normal force
Static Equilibrium
Not moving; object is at rest.
Mass
A quantity that describes an object's inertia (its tendency to resist acceleration). Describes the amount of matter in an object.
Dynamic Equilibrium
Moving with constant velocity (straight line with constant speed)
What does the ratio of the force of friction over normal force tell you?
The coefficient of friction (stickiness of the materials in contact). The higher the ratio, the more friction there is.
Force and acceleration are (...) related
Directly
The force of gravity is (...) on mass
Dependent
The weight of an object is (...) of its state of motion.
Independent
The Law of Inertia applies to...
Both stationary and moving objects. An object does not require a force for constant motion.
Resultant
"Sum" of all vectors. Vectors are added using the Head-to-Tail Method.
Mass
(m). Measure of an object's inertia. Scalar quantity (magnitude only). Independent of an object's position. Measured in kilograms.
Equation for Friction
F(f)=μ*F(n)
Newton's Second Law
Net forces on an object cause that object to accelerate.
Surface Pressure
Quantified by the magnitude of the normal force
Apparent Weight Equations
W(app)=w+ma W(app)=mg+ma
Material in Contact
Quantified by the Coefficient of Friction (μ)
Tension
(F(t)/T). The pulling force exerted by either end of a stretched, taut material. Usually a string, rope, or cable.
Parallel Component of Weight
F(par)=Fwsin=mgsin Related to motion down the incline
Spring Scale
Measures weight. The object compresses the springs, which push up with Fsp>, but since the object is at rest, it must be in static equilibrium. The reading is the magnitude of the force the spring is exerting. Measures how much the spring is stretched/compressed.
Inertia
An object's resistance to changes in motion (acceleration). Objects do not want to accelerate.... they want to maintain that motion.
Would the reading on a spring scale on a different planet be the same?
No because g changes.
Kinetic Friction
F(k). A resistive force that opposes the motion of a moving object. The maximum amount of static friction is greater than kinetic friction. Changing its motion requires more force than to keep it moving.
Is weight a fixed, constant property?
No, it relies on g, which can change from planet to planet.
Friction
F(f). A contact force that is parallel to the surface of contact and always opposes the motion of the object.
Equilibrium
A state that occurs when the net force on an object or system is zero. There is no change in motion=no acceleration.
Friction is always dependent on...
1. Surface Pressure 2. Material in Contact
Section 2
(2 cards)