Section 1
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Exponents
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Last updated
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Date created
Mar 14, 2020
Cards (115)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Exponents
numbers that tell how many times the base is used as a factor
Place value
The value of a digit is determined by its place in the number
Representational stage
During this second stage, the teacher transforms the concrete manipulative into symbolic form by drawing pictures of making tally marks.
Commutative properties
(order property) States that when adding or multiplying the order of addends or factors does not change the results 4+5 or 5+4 are the same
Ratio
Comparison of two numbers
Division
Opposite of multiplication. Determine how many times one quantity is in another. The answer in the quotient.
Formative Assessment
Assessment that takes place during the instruction in order to better adjust and arrange the instruction as needed
Cardinal Numbers
numbers used for simple counting 1,2,3,4
Prime Number
Numbers having only two factors..itself and 1 (2,3,5,7,1,29,53,71 are some)
Fact Family
a set of related addition,subtract or multiplication, division terms
Invented strategies
more meaningful to them than simply memorizing algorithms
Problem solving strategies
Find a Pattern Act it out Draw a picture Guess,check,revise Working backwards Make a table Try a simpler form of problem Make a model
skip counting
counting by 2's, 3's exc.
Distributive property
Refers to the property of distributing one operation over another with the results staying the same
real number
any positive or negative number, including all fractions and decimals
Multiple
Skip count to find these
Rubric
An assessment tool that is particularly useful in assessing criteria that are complex and subjective, such as writing assignments, portfolios, and performance based..
Addition
process of combining values..the answer is the sum..the numbers are called addends
Array
Arrangement of symbols in rows and columns that shows a multiplication problem
Doubles
pairs of facts that are the same number, such as 5+5
Least common Denominator
Least common denominator of two or more fractions
Inverse Operation
opposite operation such as addition and subtraction or multiplication and division..undo each other
Counting on
to find a sum, the student starts with one number and counts higher
One-to-one correspondence
Each item or number is recognized as a specific name or number
Equivalent Ratio
show the same comparison (multiply or divide the numerator and denominator by the same number..
Abstract stage
During the third stage, the teacher models how to complete the task using only numbers and mathematical symbols.
Counting back
subtraction..to find the difference, the student starts at the larger number and counts backwards
Prime factorization
Only the product of prime numbers. Use a factor tree.
Multiplication
repeated addition..the numbers that are multiplied are called factors
Greatest Common Factor (GCF) Greatest Common Divisor (GCD)
The largest number that is a factor of two or more numbers..The largest factor shared Factors of 16: 1,2,4,8,16 Factors or 24: 1,2,3,4,6,8,12,24 The GCF is 8
Authentic Assessment
This includes portfolios, and student interviews
Greater than/Less than symbols
The arrow points to the lesser number
Concrete stage
The first stage where the teacher introduces and models the concept by using concrete tools, or manipulative.
Least Common Multiple
The smallest number that is a multiple of two or more numbers. List multiples until you find the lowest number shared.
Irrational Numbers
Number that cannot be written as a ratio
Part-Whole concept
The idea that a number can be interpreted as a whole of two parts..5 is the whole, 4 and 1 are the parts
Assessment
Gathering of information for decision-making for more effective teaching
subtraction
opposite of addition and called diffrence
Expanded Notation
writing a number in terms of its digits 123= 100+20+3
Rational Number
Any number that can be written as the ratio of two numbers
Algorithm
procedure,efficient method, or rule that breaks computation into small steps
Associative property
(grouping property) States that when adding or multiplying, the grouping of addends or factors does not affect the results 2+(5+3)=(2+5) +3
Decimals
The numbers to the right of the decimal show a number less than one
Periods
group of three numbers in a large number
Fractions
Names a part of a whole numerator/denominator
Ordinal Numbers
numbers indicating the place in sequence
Problem solving approach
This is a process that is the primary goal of math instruction. Students preform this by using a real world problem that requires them to work through steps to determine the answer. Time should be allowed for student to try out many solutions. discussion should take place about the students thinking. 1) Read and understand the problem (restate) 2)Make a plan (strategy ) 3)carry out the plan (work) 4) Look back to assure that it makes sense (reflect)
Summative Assessment
Assessments given at the end of a unit of study..effective for generalizing the effectiveness of a curriculum
Composite Number
Numbers with factors other than the number 1 and itself
Integers
Whole numbers..not fractions or decimals
Section 2
(50 cards)
Expression
The part of a number sentence that only contains numbers, operations, and occasionally variables
Angle
formed by two rays that meet at the same endpoint
Acute Angle
an angle with less than 90 degrees
Cross Products
numerator of each ratio is multiplied by the denominator of the ratio (used to solve proportions)
Proportions
an equation that shows two ratios are equivalent
Open figure
Shape that does not begin and end at the same point
Trapezoids
Quadrilaterals with one pair of parallel lines
Strait angle
exactly 180 degree
Area
The amount of surface a figure covers
Polygon
closed figure with strait sides
Pythagorean theorem
Ray
part of a line that has one end point
three Dimensional figures
such as cubes can be measured in three directions length, width, and height
Equation
A number sentence that contains an equal sign between two expressions
Temperature
212 degrees Fahrenheit water boils, 32 degrees Fahrenheit freezes
wight
16oz=pound, 2000pounds=ton,
Rhombuses
parallelograms with 2 sets of parallel lines with all sets the same length.
pentagons
5 sides and 5 angles
Parallelogram
Quadrilaterals with two sets of parallel lines
Volume
The number of cubic units an abject contains
Quadrilaterals
4 sides and 4 angles
Variable
A symbol that represents a number, such as Y
Origin
The point of intersection of the x and y axis (Where they meet)
percent
a ratio that compares a number to 100
Octagons
Polygons with 8 sides and 8 angles
y-axis
vertical
Line
A straight path that goes in both directions..One dimensional
Capacity
8oz=1cup, 2pints=1quart, 2cups=1pint, 4quarts=1gallon
Length
12inch=foot, 3feet=1yard, 5280 feet= 1 mile
Pyramid
polygons as faces, no curved surfaces, only one base, named for the shape of the base
closed figure
shape that begins and ends at the same point..has an inside and outside
Prisms
Only polygons as faces, no curved surfaces, at least one pair of parallel bases
Inequalities
A math sentence formed when an inequality symbol is used instead of an equals sign
Line segment
part of a line with two end points
Right angle
an angle with a measure of exactly 90 degrees
Obtuse Angle
more than 90 degree angle
Hexagons
Polygons with 6 sides and 6 angles
cylinders, spheres, cones
Solid figures with curved surfaces instead of flat surfaces
Relations
A set of ordered pairs (x,y)(x,y)
symmetry
An object that can be folded along a line and match exactly
Two Dimensional figures
such as squares can be measured in two directions length and width
Nonlinear vs. linear
Non-strait vs. strait
Perimeter
The distance around the outside of an object
Likelihood
Not all events are equally likely to happen
x-axis
horizontal
Plane
set of points that make up a flat surface that has length and width but not depth 2D
Point
This has no length or width. It only signifies a position in space.
Ordered pairs
A pair of numbers that gives the location of a point
Dimension
A measure in one direction
Circumference
The distance around a circle
Section 3
(15 cards)