organisms attain maximum possible energy return depending on foraging conditions (constrained by time or energy)
Back
Parasitism interaction
Front
Species a-Benefits; Species b-Suffers
Back
Predation interaction
Front
Species a-Benefits; Species b-Suffers
Back
Commensalism interaction
Front
Species a-Benefits; Species b-No effect
Back
Heterxenous parasite
Front
infects many different types of hosts
Back
Temporary parasite
Front
acts as parasite at some points; ticks
Back
competitive exclusion principle
Front
two species can not coexist indefinitely on the same limiting resource
Back
Batesian mimicry
Front
palatable prey mimic unpalatable prey or mimic predator
Back
Contest competition
Front
Small fraction of population successfully obtain resource
Back
Exploitation
Front
one species reduces the amount or availability of the limiting resource
Back
Effects of competition
Front
growth, fecundity, biomass
Back
Renewable resources
Front
Constantly regenerated (via birth or growth)
Back
Predation
Front
the consumption of one organism (living) by another
Back
Mutualism interaction
Front
Species a-Benefits; Species b-Benefits
Back
Evolutionary arms race
Front
the series of escalating adaptations and counteradaptations evolving in the predator and prey (intensity of selection isn't symmetrical- one will be favoured over other each time period)
Back
Competition
Front
Density-dependent population regulation
Back
Nonrenewable resource
Front
Once used, gone (fossil fuels)
Back
Facultative parasite
Front
an get food from live or dead host.
Back
Mechanisms of competition
Front
stress, dispersal, social interactions
Back
Intraspecific competition
Front
Competition between individuals of the same species
Back
Mullerian mimicry
Front
unpalatable species mimic each other
Back
Monoxenous parasite
Front
only infects one type of host
Back
Precocial offspring
Front
young that are almost immediately independent after being birthed
Back
Crepuscular
Front
active at dawn and dusk
Back
Scramble Competition
Front
High density of individuals competing for limited resource (each individ. leaves with small fraction)
Back
Exploitative interactions
Front
one species benefits from exploiting another as a food source
Back
Exploitative Competition
Front
One individual reduces the amount of availability of the limiting resource (SPECIES COMPETING MAY NEVER ENCOUNTER EACH OTHER)
Back
Resource
Front
Any substance or factor that is consumed
Back
Niche
Front
relational position between species and ecosystem (i.e. how a population responds to resources and enemies and how it affects those factors)
Back
Indirect effect of competition
Front
impact of one species on another requires (at least) a third species
Back
Altricial offspring
Front
young that are totally helpless after being birthed
Back
Crypticity (prey adaptation)
Front
color matching, outline break-up, countershading
Back
"Not altered by use" resources
Front
Space ("Renewed when consumer leaves")
Back
Direct effect of competition
Front
physical interaction between two species
Back
Competition interaction
Front
Species a- Suffers; Species b-Suffers
Back
Agressive mimicry
Front
predators use mimcry (pheromones, looks) to lure prey