the unlawful taking of property from a person's immediate possession by force or intimidation (ex. robbing a bank armed)
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does the supreme court have to follow precedent?
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no
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civil crimes
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marriage, divorce, contract, business dealings, taxes
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stolen property
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buying, receiving, and possessing stolen property, including attempts
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self-defense
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use of force that appears reasonably necessary for the self-protection of an intended victim
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involuntary murder
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killing in which there is no intent to kill at all
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homicide
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the killing of one human being by another
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insanity defense
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A legal defense based on claims of mental illness or mental incapacity at time of crime (use defense when crime was being committed not if you're insane during time of trial)
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criminal crimes
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murder, robbery, theft, vandalism, assault
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can you be search when getting pulled over for speeding
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no unless probable cause
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unauthorized use of a motor vehicle
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taking, operating, or removing a motor vehicle without consent of the owner
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voluntary murder
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intentional killing with adequate provocation and committed in the heat of passion
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embezzlement
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unlawful taking of property by someone to whom it was entrusted
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federal crimes
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kidnapping, tax evasion, counterfeiting (crime made by U.S. federal legislation)
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intoxication defense
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defense claiming that at the time of a crime, they were so drunk on alcohol or high on drugs that they did not know what they were doing (ex. drunk person comes into home and takes something but they didn't know)
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Felony
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a crime, typically one involving violence, regarded as more serious than a misdemeanor, and usually punishable by imprisonment for more than one year or by death.
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state crimes
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simple assault, disorderly conduct, drunk driving, shoplifting (crime made by state legislation)
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Duress and coercion defense
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could not have done otherwise without the expectation of imminent bodily harm (ex. bank teller gives money to bank robber during robbery)
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extortion
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use of threats to obtain the property of another (attempting to force someone to pay you by threats)
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Misdemeanor
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(n.) a crime or offense that is less serious than a felony; any minor misbehavior or misconduct
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larceny
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unlawful taking property of another with the intent to permanently deprive
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involuntary manslaughter
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unintentional killing as a result of extremely reckless conduct ex. DUI
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manslaughter
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unlawfully killing another without planning in advance
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Justifiable or Excusable Homicide
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murder that has an excuse (ex. you kill someone in the act of self-defense)
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necessity defense
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a criminal act is justified when undertaken to prevent an imminent, immediate, and greater harm (ex. speeding through red light to get someone who was shot to hospital)
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negligent homicide
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vehicular manslaughter
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1st degree murder
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killing that is premeditated, deliberate, and done with malice
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entrapment defense
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induced or persuaded to commit crime by a law enforcement officer
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2nd degree murder
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killing that is done with malice, but without premeditation or deliberation