Section 1
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The most commonly inherited disorder affecting the skeletal system is:
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Last updated
6 years ago
Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (150)
Section 1
(50 cards)
The most commonly inherited disorder affecting the skeletal system is:
achondroplasia
Lesions shorter than 10 cm are characteristic of what type of bone cancer?
Secondary
The condition that causes a forward slippage of the vertebral column off a vertebra because of spondylolysis is known as:
Spondylolisthesis
This neoplasm involves a nidus.
Osteoid osteoma
What anatomic structure is responsible for the production of erythrocytes and leukocytes? A. Osteoblast B. Osteoclasts C. Red Bone Marrow D. Yellow Bone Marrow
C. Red bone Marrow
Periosteum encloses all of the bone and joint surfaces and provides a blood supply to underlying bone.
False -Periosteum is a membrane that covers the outer surface of all bones, except at the joints of long bones. Endosteum lines the inner surface of all bones.
A common radiographic finding with patients suffering from whiplash is:
loss of lordosis
Which of the following radiographic projections of the spine will decrease dose to the breasts and thyroid gland?
PA
Osteoarthritis requires what type of technical factor change?
Decrease
This type of arthritis may be classified as a degenerative disease.
Acute arthritis and Rheumatoid arthritis (Both types)
This neoplasm frequently involves the spine.
Osteoblastoma
Acromegaly requires what type of technical factor change?
No change
What types of cells are responsible for bone growth and thickening, ossification, and regeneration? A. Osteoblasts B. Osteoclasts C. trabeculae D. Osteophyte
A. Osteoblasts
The modality of choice for demonstrating vertebral fractures or other bony anomalies is:
CT
The most common primary site(s) for metastatic bone cancer is(are) the:
breast and lung
Spondylolysis is a result of a cleft or defect in the vertebral:
Pars Interarticularis
This type of arthritis may occur when an organism may spread from a bone infected with osteomyelitis.
Acute arthritis
Evidence of periosteal response is a characteristic of what type of bone cancer?
Primary
Which of the following neoplastic diseases has the radiographic appearance of a "soap bubble"?
Giant cell tumor (GCT)
This type of arthritis may involve joint ankylosis.
Acute arthritis and Rheumatoid arthritis (Both types)
What anatomic structure is not part of the respiratory system?
Esophagus
The bony structure most commonly encountering metastases from primary neoplasms is: A. Femur B. Vertebral column C. Skull D. Pelvis
B. Vertebral column
Osteogenesis imperfecta tarda is present at birth.
False
Tenosynovitis requires what type of technical factor change?
No change
What pathologic condition is a fairly common form of osteosclerotic osteoporosis? A. Achondroplasia B. Osteopetrosis C. Osteomalacia D. Albers-Schönberg disease
D. Albers-Schönberg disease
Which of the following neoplasms has the radiographic appearance of a well-circumscribed, small radiolucent area containing a nidus?
Osteoid osteoma
Ankylosing spondylitis requires what type of technical factor change?
Increase
This type of arthritis may include clinical symptoms of pain and swelling of the joint.
Acute arthritis and Rheumatoid arthritis (Both types)
Evidence of soft tissue masses are characteristic of what type of bone cancer?
Primary
Up to 80% of all scolioses are:
idiopathic
The most common imaging modality to assess lower back pain is:
radiography
Being generally larger than 2 cm in dimension is a characteristic of which neoplasm?
Osteoblastoma
This type of arthritis typically begins in peripheral joints.
Rheumatoid arthritis
A solitary lesion is a characteristic of what type of bone cancer?
Primary
Osteoid osteoma requires what type of technical factor change?
Decrease
The type of arthritis that is triggered when an immunogenetically susceptible host is exposed to an arthritogenic antigen is:
rheumatoid arthritis
This type of arthritis may be caused by streptococci, staphylococci, or gonococci.
Acute arthritis
Osteosarcoma requires what type of technical factor change?
Increase
Osteopetrosis requires what type of technical factor change?
Increase
What portion of a long bone is considered the primary site of ossification? A. Epiphysis B. Diaphysis C. Metaphysic D. Medullary canal
B. Diaphysis
Simple bone cyst requires what type of technical factor change?
Decrease
The majority of metastases are _____ in nature and often detected by CT.
osteolytic
Osteogenesis imperfecta requires what type of technical factor change?
Decrease
Diploë is specific to cancellous bone located in what anatomic structure? A. Femur B. Humerus C. Sternum D. Skull
D. Skull
Which imaging modality plays a key role in the primary diagnosis of neoplasms of the skeletal system?
Computed tomography (CT)
This type of arthritis includes the presence of autoantibody against gamma globulin.
Rheumatoid arthritis
This type of arthritis generally occurs between 30 and 40 years of age.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteochondroma requires what type of technical factor change?
Increase
An osteoma would most commonly be found on the:
skull
Which disease is congenital?
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Section 2
(50 cards)
What is the most common bacterial pneumonia?
Pneumococcal (lobar) pneumonia
Which imaging modality can distinguish between benign and malignant pulmonary lesions because it captures information regarding metabolic activity?
Nuclear medicine
To evaluate a pleural effusion in the left lung, which decubitus position is required?
Left lateral
What pathologic condition occurs as a result of a disruption in the esophagus or trachea and air becoming trapped in the mediastinum?
Mediastinal emphysema
The most frequent type of lung infection is:
pneumonia
Which of the following is considered an out-pouching caused by a weakening in the muscular wall of the bowel?
Diverticulum
What pathology presents radiographically as a depressed or flattened diaphragm, abnormally radiolucent lungs, and increased retrosternal air spaces?
Emphysema
What chest position or projection will best demonstrate pectus excavatum?
Left lateral
What type of tube would be inserted into a patient with a hemothorax?
Chest
Which of the following patient positioning factors assists in increasing the size of the cardiac shadow?
AP projection
Which imaging modality is preferred when evaluating pulmonary adenopathy?
CT
What anatomic structure presents radiographically as a "sail sign"?
Thymus gland
A solitary radiopaque lung nodule consistent with bronchogenic carcinomas is a:
coin lesion
Which of the following is not a primary type of pneumoconiosis?
Histoplasmosis
Which sets of paranasal sinuses are present at birth?
Maxillary & Ethmoid
What diagnostic examination is most frequently performed in the radiology department?
Chest radiography
The most common pathologies associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are:
chronic bronchitis and emphysema
What is the procedure performed under sonographic guidance that removes excess fluids from the pleural cavity?
Thoracocentesis
Hyperinflation or the overdistention of alveoli with air is called:
emphysema
What is a common complaint of radiologists when reading chest radiographs?
Poor exposure technique
What is deficient in the premature infant affected by hyaline membrane disease?
Surfactant
In severe cases, what type of pneumonia may mimic the radiographic appearance of TB?
Mycoplasma pneumonia
What term denotes the inability to move air into and out of the lungs, with increased blood carbon dioxide content?
Hypercapnia
What anatomic structure is not located in the mediastinum?
Lung
What type of pneumonia is frequently caused by influenza?
Viral (interstitial) pneumonia
The condition in which pus accumulates in the pleural space is termed:
empyema
What chest position may better visualize TB, which has a predilection for the apices of the lungs?
AP lordotic
What anatomic structure adheres directly to lung tissue?
Visceral pleura
COPD requires what type of technical factor change?
No change
Pneumonia requires what type of technical factor change?
Increase
Cystic fibrosis is classified as a(n) _____ disorder.
Hereditary
The predominant risk factor associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is:
smoking
The prognosis for patients diagnosed with bronchogenic carcinomas is excellent.
False
What term is associated with TB when the bloodstream picks up the TB bacteria and carries it throughout the body?
Miliary
Cystic fibrosis requires what type of technical factor change?
Increase
What is the most common lethal genetic disease for white children?
Cystic fibrosis
A(n) _____ tube is inserted through nose or mouth into the trachea and used to manage the patient's airway.
endotracheal tube (ET)
What pathologic condition is a permanent, abnormal dilatation of one or more large bronchi as a result of destruction of the elastic and muscular components of the bronchial wall?
Bronchiectasis
What type of fungal infection is endemic to the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys?
Histoplasmosis
Which of the following is not a method of pulmonary metastases?
Airborne droplets
What is not a common cause of respiratory failure?
Tachypnea
What chest pathology radiographically demonstrates an air-bronchogram sign?
Hyaline membrane disease
Pleural effusion requires what type of technical factor change?
Increase
Diagnosis and management of heart failure, resulting from myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock, represent the most common use of what type of catheter?
Swan-Ganz catheter
Esophageal atresia is a(n) _____ condition of the GI system.
congenital
Sinusitis requires what type of technical factor change?
Increase
An inflammation of the pleura that is not visible on radiographs is:
pleurisy
Pleurisy requires what type of technical factor change?
No change
Emphysema requires what type of technical factor change?
Decrease
What is the primary method of diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis?
Intradermal Mantoux test
Section 3
(50 cards)