Section 1
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Pamdemic
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Last updated
7 years ago
Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (73)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Pamdemic
involves a large number of people on several regions may be worldwide example: HIV infection
ring worm
fungal infection of the skin tinea corporis transmitted by direct contact with infected skin caused by several species of fungi NOT caused by a worm characterized by red, raised, round or oval scaling that spreads with central clearing
Etiology
Causative factors/ origin of disease
Prion
proteinaceous infectious particle affect the central nervous system currently untreatable and fatal
carbuncle
a collection of boils that cluster to form a larger mass draining through several openings
Signs
objective indicators of disease obvious to someone other than the effected individual observable and measurable examples: fever, high blood pressure, rash
mortality
represents the number of deaths resulting from a disease within a specific time period
Pathogen
a biological agent capable of causing disease
Symptoms
subjective feelings only person experiencing them are aware they are present examples: headache, nausea, pain
scabies
aka itch mite skin infestation caused by burrowing parasitic mites description: webbing between fingers axillae creases of the wrists, elbows and knees under the breasts, lower buttocks, groin feet Signs and symptoms: most common rash of thin, tiny, light brown lines intense itching HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS
systemic disease
distributed throughout the body example: lupus erythematosus
shingles
herpes zoster acute localized viral infection of the skin *reactivation of the chickenpox virus after becoming dormant VZV can reemerge and travel down a dermatome *dermatome: cutaneous area innervated by a spinal nerve *contagious to persons who have not had the chickenpox Signs and symptoms: a sensation of tingling, prickling or numbness followed by eruption of painful blisters in a bandlike pattern along the affected dermatome
Inflimation
protective response to infection, injury or irritation creates an environment that maximizes tissue repair signs and symptoms can be remembered by acronym SHARP *Swelling *Heat *A loss of function *Redness *Pain
Standard Precautions
set of guidelines and procedures of infection control
Psoriasis
chronic inflammatory skin condition in which the proliferation rate of epidermal cells is greatly accelerated skin renews itself every few days etiology: seems to be related to a weakened immune system Signs and symptoms: elevated, thick, red skin often dry, cracked, encrusted and may itch and become painful COVERED WITH SILVERY SCALES massage may be helpful
Epidemics
reported when a disease affects a large number of people at the same time in a given region example: malaria in Africa
Fungal skin infections
aka tinia
acute
abrupt onset severe signs and symptoms run a brief course (less than 6 months)
remission
periods when clinical manifestations disappear/ diminish significantly
Viruses
nonliving entity depends on a host cell for growth and reproduction consists of a core DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat
Morbidity
rate in which a disease occurs
portal of exit
route the pathogen takes to exit the infected host
two types of contact dermatitis
irritant and allergic *irritant that accounts for 80% of all cases *allergen that accounts for 20% of all cases
infectious
A disease that is caused by a pathogen and that can be spread from one individual to another.
chronic
insidious onset gradual increase in signs and symptoms lasts longer than 6 months
eczema
AKA eczematous dermatitis *most common inflammatory skin condition *most found on hands, scalp, face, nape of neck, creases of elbows and knees, ankles & feet etiology idiopathic may be related to an allergic reaction may be hereditary Signs and symptoms Dry skin that is scaly, leathery, crusty and skin may be moist and red in the skin folds
idiopathic
disease of unknown cause
boil
AKA furuncle {singular} and carbuncle {plural} most common on face neck axillae {arm pit} back buttocks thighs
Protozoa
considered the simplest form of life transmitted through contact with feces contaminated food and water bite or sting from infected animal
exacerbations
periods when clinical manifestations become worse/ more severe aka: flare-ups, relapse
Fungi
includes molds and yeast warm, moist environments promote their growth
Ringworm aka tinea corporis
Pathology
study of disease
Resevior
source of infection can be living or nonliving
Impetigo
bacterial skin infection occurs mainly around the mouth, nose, hands skin folds fluids from ruptured pustules leave behind a clear or yellow crust
prognosis
prediction of how the disease will progress and chances of recovery
portal of entry
route the pathogen uses to enter a host
boils aka furuncle
keloid
extended beyond the wound site massage considerations after healing, scar mobilization is permissible
Bacteria
single celled organisms can be spiral-shaped or rod-shaped may appear single or in chains
acne
aka acne vulgarious, pimples, zits
Rosacea
progressive, inflammatory skin disease causes facial redness typically only affects the middle of the face *nose *cheeks *chin can affect the forehead and eyes **idiopathic signs and symptoms: Persistent skin redness, dryness, warmth and swelling adjust pressure for sensitivity avoid areas of hypersensitive or contains pustules
Transmission
transfer of a pathogen from a resevior to a host
Cautionary site
areas of the body that contain structures that, when massaged with deep prolonged or deep vigorous pressure, may affect the clients' health "main sites are the throat & abdomen"
Disease
a condition of abnormal function involving anatomic structures or body system
chain of infection
begins when an infectious agent leaves its reservoir through a portal of exit and is transmitted through a portal of entry to a host
chicken pox
aka varicella most common in children and young adults acute viral infection highly contagious spread by direct contact or indirectly by respiratory droplets etiology: caused by the varicella-zoster virus {VZV} signs and symptoms *begins with headaches *loss of appetite *mild fever then an itchy rash appears on or trunk and spreads to extremities
cold sore
aka oral herpes simplex recurrent viral infection that affects the skin and mucous membranes most often affected areas around the mouth
tinea
infection of the skin caused by a fungus dermatophytes
lice
AKA pediculosis description: louse depends on hosts blood for its survival female louse reproduces every 2 weeks prefers to lay eggs on hair shaft HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS
Section 2
(23 cards)