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RUST chapter 5

memorize.ai (lvl 286)

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Section 1

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Splinter Party

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Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (37)

Section 1

(37 cards)

Splinter Party

Front

a political party that has split off from a major party because of serious disagreement, Progressive party split from Republicans

Back

proportional representation

Front

a system in which candidates are elected in proportion to the popular vote they received *Parliamentary systems use this method for election that tend to have multiple parties, they have a better chance of getting their representatives elected to parliament

Back

single-member district

Front

an electoral district in which only the one candidate with the most votes is elected to office. One person represents the people within a small area, or district, of a state. No matter the number of people that run, the person with the larges number of votes wins

Back

convention

Front

an assembly of representatives from around the country, to nominate the party's presidential candidate

Back

The Republican Era

Front

The Republicans first arose as the anti-slavery party and their candidate was Abraham Lincoln. His election sparked the beginning of the civil war and after the war Republicans were in control of the government. The south was mainly Democratic and once they returned to the union the Republicans were challenged. A powerful party leader, Mark Hanna arose. He hand picked candidates and they usually won. Progressive movements began to take power away from the bosses because they became associated with graft and corruption, stuffed ballot boxes and bribery.

Back

consensus

Front

collective opinion, general agreement. Encourages two parties in the US with overlapping points of view, the main focus is to win the election, not to represent vastly different sets of beliefs

Back

coalition

Front

an alliance, often temporary, of people, parties, or nations to achieve a common goal

Back

Democrats

Front

primary goals were to broaden voting rights an economic opportunity for ordinary citizens and to eliminate privileges for the rich

Back

The First Democratic Era

Front

The Democratic Party was formed by Andrew Jackson. Its primary goal was to broaden voting rights and political and economic opportunity for ordinary citizens and to eliminate privileges for the elite. A convention was established in this era. The Whigs emerged and they opposed the democratic party. They understood the appeal of War heroes and their most serious problem was that they had two groups of supporters

Back

The First Party System

Front

the federalist party was formed by Alexander Hamilton's supporters. The federalist's supporters believed in strong central government and economic interests of northern businessmen, who generally benefited from a strong national bank. The Anti-federalists or Democratic-Republicans opposed the Federalists and supported state's rights an state banks and were first popular in rural areas, mainly the south. For the first time they practiced the "umbrella technique

Back

reason or forces that lead us to have 2 parties in the US

Front

Historical Influence, american beliefs and values, winner-take- all system

Back

Democratic-Republicans

Front

originally called anti-federalists. Supported states rights and state banks and were first popular in rural areas, mostly in the south. They gained support by broadening their policies, stealing support from the federalists and practicing for the first time "broadening umbrella technique

Back

Single-issue party

Front

a political party focused on one issue. They often have no desire to win after the issue is resolved. The free soil party formed to prevent the spread of slavery and faded away after it was resolved

Back

The Era of Divided Government

Front

The New Deal Coalition cracked and a period of divided government formed as well as the split ticket

Back

Republicans

Front

arose as the anti-slavery party, had control of the presidency for 36 years except for in 1912

Back

The Second Democratic Era

Front

The New Deal Coalition formed. Franklin Roosevelt was elected to office four times straight times and his policies extended through the presidency of Lyndon Johnson. Democrats generally controlled Congress and dominated state and local elections

Back

Historical Influence

Front

the nation began with two parties: Federalists and anti-Federalists. People grew to use this system over the years...having political parties

Back

patronage

Front

this system supplied much of cities' power, them trading money, political jobs, or other favors from government for votes for that party's candidate

Back

American beliefs and values

Front

there are not as many ranges of beliefs and disagreements, as their are in other countries. Broad ideological consensus in the US encourages just two large parties with overlapping points of view, whose main focus is to win elections and not to represent vastly different sets of beliefs

Back

Two-Party System

Front

a political system in which only two major parties compete for control of the government sometimes one party is more powerful than the other and the rival can be declared dead but the balance of power between parties can never change **rare

Back

national party organization

Front

party is managed by a national committee, each party has a committee that provides support and campaign funds to party candidates for congressional seats

Back

Local Parties

Front

cities were dominated by party machines which were tightly knit local organizations with strong leaders who held firm control of party members in the city *patronage system supplied a lot of their power

Back

Independent voter

Front

a voter who does not belong to or consistently support one of the main political parties big trend can vote for a president from one party and a senator or governor from another *can vote for one party's candidate and four years later vote for the other party's

Back

New Deal Coalition

Front

designed to help the country recover from the Great Depression, in the Second Democratic Era. Groups that supported it were: eastern immigrants, southern and western farmers, African Americans, urban dwellers, intellectuals, labor union members. Was cracked by the issue of civil rights for African Americans

Back

Economic protest party

Front

a political party dominated by feelings of discontent often based in a particular region. Tend to win from electoral votes

Back

Whigs

Front

emerged as an opposition party, led by Daniel Webster and Henry Clay, supporters were opposed to democrats. They won few elections on local, state or national levels although they understood the appeal of military heroes as presidential candidates. Their most serious problem was that they had two distinct groups of supporters: southern planter and northern industrialists

Back

Anti-Federalists

Front

destroyed the Federalist party and dominated the election of 1820 to the point that Federalists did not run a presidential candidate

Back

winner-take-all system

Front

an electoral system in which the person with the most votes wins; no majority is needed. The winner does not need to have more than 50 percent of the vote, only one vote more than his or her opponents. Based on single member district

Back

Umbrella nature of politics

Front

causes two major parties to look for ways to attract more voters. They pay attention to the votes lost to a minor party that addresses a significant or appealing issue, they may adopt the issue and policies of the minor parties to bring more votes in

Back

Ideological Party

Front

a political party based on a particular set of beliefs or ideology. The Communist party wants to replace capitalism with socialism, a point of view that has new won electoral votes

Back

watchdog rule

Front

parties without control over the legislative or executive bodies are vocal critics of majority parties *voice concern over the policies and decisions of the party in power

Back

one-party system

Front

a political system in which only one party exists or routinely controls the government allow election which aren't competitive because there is only one party's candidates the party is the government and the leaders make policy and political differences can only occur within the party itself *only one party in the government, no other parties can form

Back

political party

Front

a group of people organized to influence government through winning elections and setting public policy form key connections between people and their government form mostly because competing groups want their points of view to influence the government

Back

grassroots

Front

people at the local level; average voters, not politicians *working from bottom up

Back

split ticket

Front

vote for candidates of more than one party in the same election. Divided government, arose in the Era of Divided Government

Back

Divided Government

Front

when one party controls the the presidency and the other is the majority party in Congress

Back

Multiparty System

Front

political system in which many parties exist and compete for control of the government most common and mostly in Europe most arise in countries with strong Parliamentary systems *people only elect representatives to the legislature and government leaders are party leaders so no separation of powers between legislative and executive

Back