Section 1
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Resisted exercise
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Last updated
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Date created
Mar 14, 2020
Cards (128)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Resisted exercise
form of active movement where some form of resistance is provided; increases muscular strength and endurance
Subjective examination
interview of the patient about the extent and nature of an injury; a qualitative measurement based on the patient's perception of the problem
Ligament
supporting structure at joins that serve to stabilize the joint and prevent excess movement
Range of motion exercise
exercise for mobility of a joint
Tendinitis
inflammation of the tendon
Cryotherapy
therapeutic use of cold agents to decrease blood flow, metabolism, swelling and pain
Thermal agents
used to modify the temperature of surrounding tissue and result in a change of the amount of blood flow to the injured area (superficial heat, deep heat, cold)
Fascia
connective tissue that surrounds muscle and other soft tissue in the body
dysfunction
any functional disability; PT determines the cause and extent of these
Hypermobile joint
joint subluxation, joint has excessive motion
Hydrotherapy
use of the therapeutic effects of water by immersing body part or entire body into a tank of water
Accessory motion
ability of joint surfaces to glide, roll and spin on each other
Strength
the amount of force produced during a voluntary muscular contraction
Fluidotherapy
self-contained unit filled with sawdust-type particles heated to the desired temperature and circulated by air pressure around the involved body part
Manual Muscle Testing (MMT)
allows therapist to assign specific grade to a muscle, based on whether patient can hold the limb against gravity, how much manual resistance can be tolerated and whether joint has full ROM
Active Range of Motion (AROM)
The ability of the patient to voluntarily move a limb through an arc of movement
Goniometer
instrument used to measure and document ROM
Short-wave diathermy
use electromagnetic energy to produce deep therapeutic heating effects
Transverse friction massage
improves flexibility and function of soft tissues like muscles, ligaments, and tendons
Bursitis
inflammation of bursae; commonly occurs at the shoulder to the subacromial bursa
Resisted test
allows therapist to determine general strength of a muscle group and assess whether any pain is produced with the muscle contraction
Bursae
fluid-filled sacs throughout the body that decrease friction between structures
Paraffin treatment
mixture of melted paraffin wax and mineral oil at a specific temperature promotes relaxation and pain relief
Swedish massage strokes
promote relaxation by decreasing pain or swelling, relieving tension and improving the metabolism of surrounding tissue
Active free range of motion
joint movement in which the patient doesn't receive any support or resistance through an arc of movement (ex. pendulum swing)
Ultrasound
application of high-frequency sound waves that penetrate tissue and increase tissue temperature
Nerve entrapment
pressure on a nerve
Massage
systematic use of various manual strokes to produce certain physiological, mechanical and psychological effects
Fracture
break in a bone; commonly in the wrist or the hip
Myofascial release
manual stretching of the layers of the body's fascia
Objective examination
Measurements taken by physical therapist/assistant or by mechanical device
Passive Range of Motion (PROM)
amount of movement at a joint obtained by therapist moving the segment without assistance from the patient
Muscular strength
maximal amount of tension an individual can produce in one repitition (low repetitions with heavy resistance)
Active assisted range of motion
joint movement in which the patient may be assisted either manually or mechanically thought an arc of movement
Tendinosis
degeneration of the tendon by overuse
Flexibility
ability to move a limb segment through a specific ROM
electrical stimulation
application of electricity at specified locations to stimulate nerves, muscles, and other soft tissues to reduce pain and swelling, increase strength and ROM and facilitate wound healing
Hot pack
pouch filled with silica gel and soaked in thermostatically controlled water
Active resisted exercises
joint movement in which an external force resists the movement
Strain
injury to a muscle
Whirlpool
tank of water used in hydrotherapy for immersing a body part or the entire body
Sprain
injury to a ligament (overstretching or tearing); commonly at ankle where lateral ligaments are overstretched
Range of Motion (ROM)
movement at a joint
Hypomobile joint
joint has less motion than is considered functional
Joint mobilization and manipulation
technique used when a patient's dysfunction is result of joint stiffness or hypomobility; applies specific passive movement to a joint, either oscillatory (rapid, repeated movement) or sustained
Muscle endurance
ability to produce and sustain tension over a prolonged period (high repetitions with low resistance)
Goniometry
methods to measure and document ROM
Tendinopathy
disorders of the tendons
Special tests
examine specific joints to indicate the presence or absence of a particular problem
Soft tissue mobilization
a variety of hands-on techniques designed to improve movement and function
Section 2
(50 cards)
Mammography
X-ray of the breast to check for breast cancer
Bradycardia
Slow heartbeat
Lung
Organs on both sides of the chest that pull oxygen into the blood and remove waste gases
Isometric resisted exercise
muscle contraction without visible joint movement (pushing against a wall)
Biologist
One who studies biology
Proprioceptors
receptors found in skin and joints, respond to stimuli like pressure, stretch and position
Cholecystitis
Inflammation of the gall bladder
Dermatologist
Physician who specializes in skin conditions
Chemistry
The science of chemicals
Bronchial tubes
Tubes within the thoracic cavity which carry air to and from the lungs
Malpractice
Bad medical practices
Artery
Blood vessels which carry blood away from the heart; usually carry oxygen rich blood
Aerobics training
exercise program that uses oxygen as the major energy source
Open kinetic chain exercise
an exercise where the end limb segment is free (ex. biceps curl)
Adduction
To move toward the midline of the body
Cystitis
Inflammation of the urinary bladder
Cytology
The study of cells
Metamorphosis
Changing structure or shape to become something different
Blood vessels
Blood-carrying tubes; arteries, veins, capillaries
Apnea
Cessation of breathing, without breath
Proprioception
one's awareness of position and movement; may be reduced after injury leading to loss of balance and coordination
Contraindication
Against advisement
Bilingual
Speaking two languages
Abduction
To remove, to move away from the midline of the body
Bifocals
Two vision fields; eyeglasses
Flexibility exercise
exercise using stress to change length and elasticity of soft tissue like muscle
Clot
Coagulated blood
Halliwick method
uses preswim stroke instruction and musculoskeletal rehabilitation
Binoculars
Having two eye pieces
Closed kinetic chain exercise
movement at one joint affects movement at other joints (ex. a two legged squat)
Malignant
A bad growth; harmful; cancer
Bad Ragaz method
therapist uses proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques while the patient is suspended by rings in the water
Isokenetic resisted exercise
concentric or eccentric muscle contraction that happens at a constant speed
Biology
The study of life
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchial tubes
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin
Cardiovascular
Referring to the heart and blood vessels
Functional exercise
program that incorporates strength, flexibility, balance and coordination
Malnourished
Poorly nourished
Bradypnea
Slow breathing
Chemist
One who studies chemicals
Arthritis
Inflammation of the joints
Aquatic physical therapy
therapeutic use of water for rehabilitation or prevention of an injury
Isotonic eccentric resisted exercise
muscle contraction that produces or controls joint motion, resulting in muscle lengthening (extending elbow)
Blood
The fluid within blood vessels containing cells and chemicals
Arteriosclerosis
A condition of hardening in the arteries
Diarrhea
Flowing through of stool
Isotonic concentric resisted exercise
muscle contraction that produces or controls joint motion, resulting in muscle shortening (flexing elbow)
Asepsis
Without contamination; very clean
Bladder
Fluid filled sac; usually refers to urinary
Section 3
(28 cards)