Section 1
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physical activity and disability can either:
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Last updated
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Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (61)
Section 1
(50 cards)
physical activity and disability can either:
improve function that helps with symptoms limits mobility and aggravates disability
disease
abnormal condition, disorder of structure/function
occupational therapy
support health support engagement in life assist individuals to engage in everyday activities or occupations
disability
change in societal/environmental role
spinothalamic tract
pain and temperature
Test of Gross Motor Development
test fundamental movement patterns in preschool and early elementary children with emphasis on process rather than product of performance norm-referenced standards
standards- criterion referenced
comparisons made with predetermined mastery scores (minimally acceptable scores for a particular purpose)
Peabody Developmental Motor Sclaes
assess the fine and gross motor development of children birth-5 years gross motor quotient, fine motor quotient and total motor quotient normative data available
physical therapy
services that restore function, improve mobility, relieve pain, and prevent or limit permanent physical disabilities
muscle tone
end result of all inputs converging onto motor neuron pool spasticity: increased resistance to passive stretch rigidity is extreme spasticity hypotonicity: low tone
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
Free appropriate public education to eligible children with disabilities throughout the nation and ensures special education and related services to those children serves 6.5 million eligible infants/toddlers/children/youth with disabilities -Part C: birth-age 2 -Part B: ages 3 through 21
intellectual disability
1. significant limitations in intellectual functioning 2. significant deficits in adaptive behavior 3. manifested during the developmental period
Mental Age
measure of mental development as determined by intelligence tests and expressed as the age at which that level of development is typically attained
standards- norm referenced
comparisons are made with others (from a specifically defined group) -developed by testing large numbers
measurement assessment topics
balance/postural control cognition body composition knowledge cardiovascular endurance functional movements muscular strength/endurance flexibility neurological functioning motivation and affect sensations/sensory integration/perception
incidence
new cases appearing in unit of time
alternative approaches
contrived, structured and specific situations/tasks link assessment and instruction day-to-day applicability weak psychometrically strong authentically
contextual factors
features, aspects, attributes, structures, organizations, agencies, attitudes
checklist for disability
-presence/absence of behavior/skill (does NOT indicate the quality of behavior -helpful when using task-analytic or ecological approaches -specific skill or series of skills (ex: throwing a ball)
muscle strength rating scales
0- no contraction 1- muscle flicker, no movement 2- mvmt possible but not against gravity 3- mvmt possible against gravity but not against resistance by the examiner 4- mvmt possible with resistance 5- normal strength
reflexes
involuntary motor responses to sensory stimuli reflect balance betwee positive and negative influences asymmetries pathologic reflexes
Brockport Physical Fitness Test
assess the health-related fitness of young people with certain disabilities ages 10-17 compared with criterion referenced standards
mental status exam
observation (appearance) content of thought (phobias, obsessions, anxiety) perceptions cognition (orientation, memory, vocabulary, comprehension, abstraction, and information)
impairment
reduced velocity of movement, force, and subsequent power output
developmental disabilites
life-long disabilities attributable to intellectual and or physical impairments manifested PRIOR to age 18
disability
physical, cognitive, intellectual, mental, sensory, developmental impariment -result restricts ability to participate in ADL's
activities of daily living
bathing dressing eating education/work moving play/leisure social participation sleep and rest
Motor System Exam
Observation Muscle Weakness (decreased strength) Muscle tone Muscle Coordination Reflexes
major tenants of IDEA
protect rights of children with disabilities and parents zero reject: non-exclusionary education free appropriate public education least restrictive environment ensure educators have necessary tools to improve educational results assess and ensure effectiveness of education of children with disabilities
Chronologic Age
measure of age determined by the passage of time since birth
Neurologic Evaluation
history mental status exam cranial nerve exam sensory nerve exam sensory testing coordination motor system exam
history
symptoms, time course, variation, and FAMILY history
environmental factors
physical or social
coordination tests
goal-directed mvmts (finger to nose) involuntary mvmts (ex: tremor) gait deficits (ex: tandem, walking on toes)
standardized approach
usually published tests (known validity and reliability) standards provided limited selection of test items specific directions for administration strong psychometrically weak authentically
disorder
disruption of normal physical or mental functions
Activitygram
record, analyze, and save student physical activity data and produce reports based on the data good utility for students w/ disabilities
reflex response scale
0- no response 1- low normal 2- normal 3- brisk 4- very brisk
IQ
measure of cognition or intelligence tests include: Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI), Woodcock-Johnson Test, or Stanford Binet -determines Mental Age -IQ = Mental Age/Chronologic Age x 100
hypertonia scale (modified Ashworth Scale)
0- no increase in muscle tone 1- slight increase in tone with catch and release of minimal resistance at end of range 2- with minimal resistance through range following catch 3- more marked increase tone through ROM 4- considerable increase in tone, passive mvmt difficult 5- affected part rigid
dorsal column medial lemniscal tract
proprioception and tactile discrimination
muscle pathology
loss of motor units change in fiber type muscle fiber atrophy reduced neuromuscular activation slowed rate of activation
participation
involvement in situations
impairment
loss/abnormality of a body structure or of a physiological/psychological function
The cognitive assessment test that Trump took
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA)
activity
execution of a task or action
physical disability
any impairment limiting physical function of limbs or fine or gross motor ability
prevalence
number of people in a population at any one time -high prevalence impacts resource allocation
functional limitation
prolonged chair rise and stair climb time
Adapted Physical Education (APE)
individualized program involving physical and motor fitness, fundamental motor skills and patterns -PE with emphasis on students with disabilities -same objectives as GPE programs but modifications are made to meet the unique educational needs of each individual
Section 2
(11 cards)