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(Psychology 1) #7 Development

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Section 1

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Social Development

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6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (38)

Section 1

(38 cards)

Social Development

Front

Learn the process of Socialization

Back

Erik Erikson

Front

Examined social development and called his thoery Psycho-Social Development Identified eight stages during which we face an important issue or crisis

Back

Pre-Operational Stage

Front

Age: 2-7 Description: Use their gut instincts to make decisions, often flawed logic Important Concepts: Instinctive Logic, Egocentrism, Centration

Back

Authoritarian

Front

Expressions of warmth: Parents are cold and critical Strategies of Discipline: Strict, often physical Communication: parent talks not the child Expectations of maturity: clear rules and high expectations for maturity Effects: low self-esteem, low self-reliance, and low social competence

Back

Mary Ainsworth

Front

studied attachment between children and parents

Back

Assimiliation

Front

defined: reinforces the existing schema "ss"-schema stays the same Example: You think homeless people are rude and a homeless person yells at you because you didn't give them money

Back

Object Permanence

Front

Defined: Understanding objects exists out of their sight

Back

Egocentrism

Front

Defined: At roughly age 4, child only understands life from her perspective Example:

Back

Identity v Role Confusion

Front

Stage 5: Adolescence Know who you are OR try to do what others expect of you

Back

Reversibility

Front

Defined: child can view items in more than one way Example: a mom can also be a sister

Back

Teratogens

Front

Disease agents, drugs and other environmental agents that can cause birth defects

Back

Integrity v Despair

Front

Stage 8: Late Adulthood Happy with your life OR hate your life

Back

Sensorimotor

Front

Age: 0-2 Description: Experience the world through your senses and actions Important Concepts: Basic causality, Object permanence

Back

Physical Development

Front

Tracking physiological (physical) changes over time Height, weight, puberty, etc.

Back

Elizabeth Kubler Ross

Front

Purposed the stages of death and dying

Back

Industry v Inferiority

Front

Stage 4: Late Childhood feel confident to achieve more OR discouraged and don't try to achieve more

Back

Cognitive Development

Front

Development of Mental activities including thinking, knowing, remembering and communicating

Back

Moral Development

Front

Defined: Learning right from wrong How to help, behave, etc

Back

Conventional

Front

Decisions are based on "what's best for the group and you receiving the group's social approval"

Back

Generativity v Stagnation

Front

Stage 7: Middle Adulthood Give/Help others OR focus solely on yourself

Back

Concrete-Operational

Front

Age: 7-12 Description: Use their past experiences to make decisions Important Concepts: Inductive Logic, Conservation, Reversibility

Back

Nature verses Nurture

Front

Does our genetics or environment determine our behavior

Back

Authoritative

Front

Expressions of warmth: parents are Highly affectionate Strategies of Discipline: Set limits and enforce rules but allow for child's input Communication: both parent and child talks Expectations of maturity: Demand maturity but allow forgiving of failure Effects: high self-esteem, high self-reliance, and high social competence

Back

Jean Piaget

Front

interested in "thought processes" and creates the first cognitive development theory using his children includes four distinct stages that the child must accomplish before moving onto the next stages in order: sensorimotor, pre-operational, concrete operational, and formal operational

Back

Secure Attachment

Front

Child learns to use the parent as a secure base because they trust the parents will meet their needs

Back

Baumrind's Parenting Styles

Front

Studied a sample with 100 pre-school children in California-almost all white Parents differed on 4 dimensions & found 3 types

Back

Insecure Attachment

Front

Child does not learn to use the parent as a secure base because they don't trust their parents to meet their needs

Back

Permissive

Front

Expressions of warmth: Parents are highly affectionate Strategies of Discipline: Rare Communication: child talks not the parent Expectations of maturity: few demands Effects on child: aggressive & immature

Back

Accomodation

Front

defined: changing your existing schema "cc"-schema changes! Example: You think homeless people are rude but when your car got a flat tire, a homeless person helped you change the flat tire

Back

Development

Front

Defined: tries to understand the way people change and remain the same as they age

Back

Conservation

Front

Defined: Two equal quantities remain equal even though the appearance has changed

Back

Formal Operations

Front

Age: 12+ Description: Use their past experiences to think hypothetically Important Concepts: hypothetical thought

Back

Intimacy v Isolation

Front

Stage 6: Young Adulthood Find a mate OR live alone

Back

Trust v Mistrust

Front

Stage 1: Infants learn to rely on parent/caregiver OR you don't learn to rely on parent/caregiver

Back

Lawrence Kohlberg

Front

Studied and developed a model for moral dilemma Used the hypothetical "Heinz dilemma" to develop three levels including pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional

Back

Pre-Conventional

Front

Decisions are based on "what's best for you" (avoid punishment & gain rewards)

Back

Post-Conventional

Front

Decisions are based on "what's best for another every single individual based on their individual specific circumstance"

Back

Stages of Death and Dying

Front

Stages (DABDA): Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance

Back