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memorize.ai (lvl 286)

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Natural Rights

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Politics

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Last updated

1 year ago

Date created

Mar 14, 2020

Cards (21)

Section 1

(21 cards)

Natural Rights

Front

Life, Liberty, and Property -All humans are born with these, can't be taken away from the government -Locke

Back

Ideology

Front

a system of ideas and ideals, forms political theory and policy.

Back

Political Socialization

Front

the process by which people gain their political attitudes and opinions

Back

Adam Smith

Front

-Opposed to the policy of mercantilism: state could only prosper by fighting its enemies and that as a war chest would be necessary, gold and silver were the determinants of wealth and therefore of power. Believed a nation's wealth should be based on its production of goods, and that a free economy with decisions on production being based on agreements between producer and consumer was the best way to augment production. -The government should allow the desires and wants of the people to determine what is produced and how much

Back

Chain Store Paradox

Front

Why chain stores cluster around each other, want to get to the majority of consumers. -Also the same for some political candidates, want the majority of the voters despite the minority

Back

Guardians

Front

Part of the second class, along with the auxiliaries. They can progress to auxiliaries, but if they don't pass the test they stay as guardians. -Defenders of the city, "cops or soldiers"

Back

Plato's republic

Front

this form of govt was created by the philosopher Plato, it consisted of 3 classes: gold, silver, and bronze. Bronze- farmers/artisans Silver- Guardians/Auxiliaries Gold- Philosopher kings -The wisest/smartest people rule

Back

Utopian Socialists

Front

persons who believe that people can live at peace with each other if they live in small cooperative settlements, owning all of the means of production in common and sharing the products

Back

Reactionary

Front

Look at the past for policy, relatively rare -"This worked in the past, let's bring it back" mentality

Back

Sources of political socialization

Front

FAMILY, schools, work, PEERS, location, THE MEDIA, race, RELIGION *bold ones are what I believe to be the most influential, for question 4 on exam practice. Example- Who someone decides to vote for may be determined by what their family thinks, or the things they see on social media or the news

Back

Eduard Bernstein

Front

Part of the social democratic party, believed Marx was wrong.

Back

Philosopher Kings

Front

Plato's idea that the most desirable form of political rule is not democracy but rule by an elite consisting of wise philosophers.

Back

Divine Right of Kings

Front

Doctrine that states that the right of ruling comes from God and not people's consent

Back

Positivism

Front

Using social sciences to perfect society. -Active role in government -Example: Medicare for everyone, helps a majority of people. Or the affordable care act, insurance for almost everyone

Back

Leviathan

Front

The individual with the most power. -All powerful government -Hobbes believed in a strong and undivided government, was the only way for people to "behave". -Only way to avoid the state of nature, "war of all against all"

Back

The Social Contract

Front

A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by creating a government and abiding by its rules. -Example: The US Constitution- sets rules for what the government can and cannot do

Back

The Noble Lie

Front

The false idea that people are born gold, silver, or bronze

Back

Similarities between Locke and Hobbes

Front

Both believed that humans were rational, THE SOCIAL CONTRACT

Back

John Locke

Front

English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property. -Did not believe in unlimited accumulation- could only have as much as they needed so others weren't deprived of their right to property

Back

Hobbes social contract

Front

Enlightenment idea that people must hand over power to a strong ruler, in exchange they gain law and order; Hobbes believed that this government should be an absolute monarchy in order to keep citizens under control. -Hobbes believed that people were self-serving and greedy, however rational -Should have an all powerful government to keep people in order

Back

The State of Nature (Hobbes)

Front

The basis of natural rights philosophy; a state of nature is the condition of people living in a situation without man-made government, rules, or laws. -All people pursued their own objectives without regard to the effect that this might have on others. -"war of all against all" -A state of hopeless chaos

Back