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What programming language has dominated artificial intelligence over the past 45 years?

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Mar 1, 2020

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Section 1

(12 cards)

What programming language has dominated artificial intelligence over the past 45 years?

Front

LISP

Back

Compare categories of arrays (in terms of memory management) for a C++ array declared in a function, a C++ array using the operator new, and an array in Ruby and Python

Front

C++ array declared in a function: this array would be stored in a stack and this allocated memory will be dumped after the function is completed C++ array using the operator new: when declaring using a new operator the memory is allocated using a heap, this array is dynamic Array in Ruby and Python: do not need to specify array size, The array size is updated when you update the array, dynamic version of heap allocation

Back

What is a side effects in programming languages?

Front

When a function changes one of its parameters or a global variable declared outside of a function but accessible in the function.

Back

What programming language has dominated business applications over the past 45 years?

Front

COBOL

Back

We discussed three types of programming paradigms in class. One of them is imperative languages. Give examples of languages that are imperative. Also, name the other two programming paradigms.

Front

Java, C/C++, FORTRAN, Perl, Swift, Python, Ruby, COBOL, Matlab Functional and Logical

Back

What are the advantages in implementing a language with a pure interpreter?

Front

- Easier debugging - platform independence - Smaller in size - Automatically manages memory

Back

Name a fairly new programming language and do a web search to find out an application that it is used for.

Front

Julia - Used by: - Investment manager BlackRock - Federal Reserve bank of New York - Aviva insurance

Back

What is aliasing?

Front

Aliasing is when you have two or more distinct names used to access the same memory location.

Back

What is the disadvantage of having too many features in a language?

Front

Too many features make a language hard to learn. They also cause confusion for the programming as to which features should be used for solving a problem. They also led to misuse for features resulting in incorrect solutions.

Back

What programming language has dominated scientific computing over the past 45 years? Also name a newer language that is used in scientific computing (and also used in machine learning)?

Front

Fortran A newer language used for scientific computing is Python.

Back

Why is the von Neumann bottleneck important?

Front

The von Neumann bottleneck is important because it is the primary limiting factor in the speed of a computer. The bottleneck is the connection speed between a computer's memory and its processor. Program instructions often can be executed much faster than the speed of the connection. So to improve the speed on a computer we needed to eliminated the von Neumann bottleneck.

Back

Compare C++, Ruby and Python in terms of what happens when attempting to access an array element out of range. Try running these and report the code and result

Front

C++: no error but a garbage value is given Ruby: no error but no value is returned Python: we get an indexError

Back