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AP Human Geography - Chapter 7 - Religion

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Section 1

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Polytheistic Religion

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Geography

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Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (49)

Section 1

(49 cards)

Polytheistic Religion

Front

belief system in which multiple deities are revered as creators and arbiters of all that exists in the universe

Back

Confucianism

Front

a philosophy of ethics, education, and public service based on the writings of Confucius and traditionally thought of as one of the core elements of Chinese culture.

Back

Roman Catholic Church (rcc)

Front

- one of the three major branches of Christianity. - About 25% of North America - Comprises 95% of Christians in Latin America

Back

Shintoism

Front

- distinctive ethnic religion in Japan -Consider forces of nature to be divine, especially the sun and moon, as well as rivers, trees, rocks, mountains, and animals. - Deceased emperors and other ancestors became more important deities for Shintoists than natural features.

Back

Sikhism

Front

the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam

Back

Judaism

Front

religion with its roots in the teachings of Abraham (from Ur), who is credit with uniting his people to worship only one God. According to Jewish teaching, Abraham and God have a covenant in which the Jews agree to worship only one God, and God agrees to protect his chosen people, the Jews. Uses the Torah.

Back

Activity Space

Front

the space within which daily activity occurs

Back

Jihad

Front

a doctrine within Islam. Commonly translated as "Holy War," Jihad represents either a personal or collective struggle on the part of Muslims to live up to the religious standards set by the Qu'ran

Back

Interfaith Boundaries

Front

boundaries between the world's major faiths

Back

reincarnation

Front

In Hinduism and Buddhism, the process by which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding

Back

zoroastrianism

Front

A religion that developed in early Persia and stressed the fight between the forces of good and the forces of evil and how eventually the forces of good would prevail.

Back

Shari'a Laws

Front

The system of Islamic law, sometimes called Quranic law. Unlike most western systems of law that are based on legal precedence, sharia is based on varying degrees of interpretation of the Quran.

Back

Intrafaith Boundaries

Front

boundaries within a single major faith

Back

Ethnic Religion

Front

a religion that is particular to one, culturally distinct, group of people. Do not try to invite new followers.

Back

Religious Extremism

Front

religious fundamentalism carried to the point of violence

Back

theocracy

Front

A government controlled by religious leaders

Back

religious architectural styles

Front

styles of architecture created by religions

Back

Buddhism

Front

religion founded in the sixth century BCE and characterized by the belief that enlightenment would come through knowledge, especially self-knowledge; elimination of greed, craving, and desire. Does not require exclusive adherence.

Back

Pilgrimage

Front

voluntary travel by an adherent to a sacred site to pay respects or participate in a ritual at the site

Back

Feng Shui

Front

Literally "wind-water." The Chinese art and science of placement and orientation of tombs, dwellings, buildings, and cities. Structures and objects are positioned in an effort to channel flows of sheng-chi ("life-breath") in favorable ways.

Back

Animistic Religion

Front

the belief that inanimate objects, such as hills, trees, rocks, rivers, and other elements of the natural landscape, possess souls and can help or hinder human efforts on Earth

Back

Religion

Front

a system of beliefs and practices that attempts to order life in terms of culturally perceived ultimate priorities. It is a dynamic culture trait.

Back

Jainism

Front

A religion that branched off from Hinduism and was founded by Mahavira; its belief is that everything has a soul, and its purpose was to cleanse the soul. Some were extreme aesthetics.

Back

Zionism

Front

the movement to unite the Jewish people of the diaspora and to establish a national homeland for them in the promised land

Back

Eastern Orthodox Church (eoc)

Front

- one of the three major branches of Christianity. - a collection of 14 self-governing churches in Eastern Europe and the Middle East - 40% belong to the Russian Orthodox

Back

Cargo Cult Pilgrimage

Front

a big religious movement by a large amount of people to Melanesia, it's important because Cargo Cults believe western goods have been traded to them by ancestral spirits

Back

Taoism

Front

religion believed to have been founded by Lao-Tsu and based upon his book entitled "Tao-te-ching," or "Book of the Way." Lao-Tsu focused on the proper form of political rule and on the oneness of humanity and nature.

Back

Hajj

Front

the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, the birthplace of Muhammad

Back

Universalizing Religion

Front

a belief system that espouses the idea that there is one true religion that is universal in scope. Adherents of universalizing religious systems often believe that their religion represents universal truths, and in some cases great effort is undertake in evangelism and missionary work.

Back

religious culture hearth

Front

the starting place of a religion

Back

Secularism

Front

the idea that ethical and moral standards should be formulated and adhered to for life on Earth, not to accommodate the prescriptions of deity and promise of a comfortable afterlife.

Back

Islam

Front

the youngest of the major world religions, Islam is based on the teachings of Muhammad, born in Mecca in 571 CE. According to the teaching, Muhammad received the truth directly from Allah in a series of revelations during which Muhammad spoke the verses of the Qu'ran (Koran), the Islamic holy book. Relocation diffusion. Practice at Mosque.

Back

Hinduism

Front

one of the oldest religions in the modern world, dating back over 4000 years. It does not have a single founder, a single theology, or agreement on its origins. Does not have a central authority or single book. 70% worship Vishnu (loving God) and 25% worship Shiva (protective and destructive God)

Back

Diaspora

Front

from the Greek "to disperse," a term describing forceful or voluntary dispersal of a people from their homeland to a new place. Originally denoting the dispersal of Jews. Relocation diffusion.

Back

Christianity

Front

religion based on the teachings of Jesus. According to Christian teaching, Jesus is the son of God, placed on Earth to teach people how to live according to God's plan.

Back

Monotheistic Religion

Front

belief system in which one supreme being is revered as creator and arbiter of all that exists in the universe

Back

genocide

Front

Deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural group

Back

Caste System

Front

the strict social segregation of people—specifically in India's Hindu society—on the basis of ancestry and occupation

Back

shamanism

Front

an animistic religion of northern Asia having the belief that the mediation between the visible and the spirit worlds is effected by shamans

Back

Minarets

Front

tower attached to a Muslim mosque, having one or more projecting balconies from which a crier call Muslims to prayer

Back

Indigenous Religions

Front

belief systems and philosophies practiced and traditionally passed from generation to generation among peoples within a ... tribe or group

Back

religious toponym

Front

the origin and meaning of the names of religions

Back

Sunnis

Front

- Adherents to the largest branch of Islam (83%)

Back

Religious Fundamentalism

Front

religious movement whose objectives are to return to the foundations of the faith and to influence state policy

Back

Shiites

Front

- adherents of one of the two main divisions of Islam (16%) - 40% live in Iran and 15% live in Pakistan - 90% of Iran's population

Back

Mormonism

Front

1830 Religion founded by Joseph Smith, Jr. Smith claimed to have received sacred writings; he organized the Church of Jesus of Latter Day Saints Smith described a vision from God in which God declared specific tenets of Christianity to be abominations Because of these claims and unusual practices such as polygamy, Mormons were shunned Eventually, Mormons formed community near Great Salt Lake under Brigham Young's leadership Settlement became the state of Utah

Back

landscapes of the dead

Front

The certain areas where people have commonly been buried

Back

Sacred Sites

Front

place or space people infuse with religious meaning

Back

Protestant

Front

- one of three major branches of Christianity - About 40% of North America.

Back