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most potent at controlling metabolism

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Anatomy Science

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Date created

Mar 14, 2020

Cards (47)

Section 1

(47 cards)

most potent at controlling metabolism

Front

The Thyroid

Back

Acts on gonads

Front

Gonadotropins: Luteinizing and Follicle Stimulating Hormones. Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are called gonadotropins because stimulate the gonads - in males, the testes, and in females, the ovaries. They are not necessary for life, but are essential for reproduction.

Back

steroid hormones

Front

enter the target cells and have a direct effect on the DNA of the nucleus

Back

thyroid gland

Front

produces hormones that regulate metabolism, body heat, and bone growth

Back

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Front

stimulates secretion from thyroid gland

Back

The location of the pituitary gland

Front

base of the brain

Back

location of pineal gland

Front

center of brain

Back

Ovaries

Front

Glands that produce the egg cells and hormones

Back

Thyroxine (T4)

Front

Secreted by the thyroid gland; also called tetraiodothyronine. T4 increases metabolism in cells.

Back

What is the job of the anti-diuretic hormone? Which gland releases this?

Front

ADH is also called arginine vasopressin. It's a hormone made by the hypothalamus in the brain and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. It tells your kidneys how much water to conserve. ADH constantly regulates and balances the amount of water in your blood.

Back

adrenal glands

Front

A pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones that help arouse the body in times of stress.

Back

Triiodothyronine (T3)

Front

Secreted by the thyroid gland; T3 increases metabolism in cells.

Back

Which hormone controls the secretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex?

Front

hormone ACTH

Back

pineal gland

Front

secretes melatonin

Back

milk synthesis

Front

Usually inhibited by dopamine (PIF). Hypothalamus controlled. PRF [prolactin releasing factor] releases prolactin from anterior pituitary [VIP?]. Stimulates gland cells. Increases milk secretion.

Back

cell division

Front

the process in reproduction and growth by which a cell divides to form daughter cells

Back

The location of the Adrenal glands

Front

on top of the kidneys

Back

pineal gland

Front

secretes melatonin

Back

Glucagon

Front

A protein hormone secreted by pancreatic endocrine cells that raises blood glucose levels; an antagonistic hormone to insulin.

Back

What hormone stimulates the body cells to grow and divide?

Front

growth hormone

Back

metabolic rate

Front

the rate at which the body uses energy

Back

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Front

secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate maturation of the egg cell (ovum)

Back

luteinizing hormone (LH)

Front

causes ovulation; stimulates the secretion of progesterone by the corpus luteum; causes the secretion of testosterone in the testes

Back

the location of the pancreas

Front

posterior to the stomach

Back

circadian rhythm

Front

the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle

Back

adrenaline (epinephrine)

Front

secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure

Back

Which specific thyroid hormone controls these functions

Front

The pituitary gland and hypothalamus both control the thyroid. When thyroid hormone levels drop too low, the hypothalamus secretes TSH Releasing Hormone (TRH), which alerts the pituitary to produce thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).

Back

Noradrenaline (norepinephrine)

Front

a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that has a stimulatory effect on the nervous system

Back

nonsteroid hormones

Front

Some are protein hormones. Many of which remain at the cell surface and act through a second messenger usually a substance called adenosine monophosphate (AMP). Most hormones affect the cell activity by altering the rate of protein synthesis

Back

Insulin

Front

A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics

Back

What is cortisol? What all does cortisol do?

Front

Cortisol can help control blood sugar levels, regulate metabolism, help reduce inflammation, and assist with memory formulation. It has a controlling effect on salt and water balance and helps control blood pressure. ... All of these functions make cortisol a crucial hormone to protect overall health and well-being

Back

regulates blood calcium

Front

parathyroid hormone

Back

What two hormones are considered "gonadotropins?"

Front

Luteinizing and Follicle Stimulating Hormones

Back

location of thyroid gland

Front

inferior to the larynx

Back

Melatonin

Front

A hormone manufactured by the pineal gland that produces sleepiness.

Back

pancreas function

Front

regulates blood sugar (insulin & glucagon) Secretes pancreatic juice which breaks down all categories of food produces digestive enzymes for fats, carbs, and proteins

Back

What is the job of Thyroxine? What releases thyroxine?

Front

Thyroxine is the main hormone secreted into the bloodstream by the thyroid gland. It plays vital roles in digestion, heart and muscle function, brain development and maintenance of bones.

Back

Differentiate the adrenal medulla and the adrenal cortex.

Front

The adrenal cortex is the outer region and also the largest part of an adrenal gland. ... The adrenal medulla is located inside the adrenal cortex in the center of an adrenal gland. It produces "stress hormones," including adrenaline.

Back

Testies

Front

the male reproductive organ that makes sperm and testosterone

Back

Which hormone controls the secretion of hormones from the thyroid gland?

Front

thyrotrophin

Back

pituitary gland

Front

The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands.

Back

What are the jobs of oxytocin?

Front

The two main actions of oxytocin in the body are contraction of the womb (uterus) during childbirth and lactation.

Back

controls secretion of cortical hormones

Front

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

Back

Growth Hormone (GH)

Front

regulates the growth of the body

Back

Calcitonin (CT)

Front

Secreted by the thyroid gland; inhibits bone resorption by osteoclasts.

Back

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Front

Stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids

Back

Insulin

Front

A hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics

Back