Section 1
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Numeric constant
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Last updated
6 years ago
Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (59)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Numeric constant
specific numeric value (in doubling program the "2" would be a Numeric outcome
sequence structure
perform an action or event and then perform the next action in order, flow chart when there is NO DIAMOND, simplest
Step 3: Programming
Code the Problem- this should not start until the problem is well understood and the logic has been determined
Step 5: Programming
Test the Program- a program that is free of syntax errors is not necessarily free of logical errors; check for reasonableness of output
pseudocode
English-like representation to plan logical steps for solving problems
Programming
structured process that begins with analysis of the problem and ends with a computer based solution
Syntax
Programming rules
External Storage
permanent storage outside the main memory of the machine, held on floppy, hard disk, hard drive! or magnetic tape
Character
letters,, numbers, and special symbols
Language for CPU (at CPU level)
binary
flowchart
pictorial representation to plan logical steps for solving problems
Volatile Memory
contents are lost every time the computer loses power
Terminus
Item that causes the end of the looping, it is the drop out instance
Data Hierarchy
where the smallest usable unit of data is the character
Step 2: Programming
Plan the Logic- Programmer Plans the steps to the program, which steps to include and in which order, two most common tools are flow charts and pseudocode
Case Structure
used when there are several distinct possible values for a single variable being tested and each value requires different actions
Internal Storage
memory, main memory, primary memory
IPO (Input, Process, Output)
Keyboard->data manipulation->Soft/hard copy
selection/decision structure
ask a question, depending on the answer you take one or two courses of action, NO MATTER WHICH PATH YOU FOLLOW, YOU CONTINUE WITH THE NEXT EVENT, diamond in this structure going to 1 or 2 options, then coming back together
tables
groups of files held by databases that together serve the information needs of the organization
Hardware
equipment, or devices, associated with a computer
Step 1: Programming
Understanding the problem- how you know what to do; Users will ask for vague changes or not know what they want; Users who think they know what they want frequently change their minds
Character constant
use quotation marks to denote text string, prevents the program from trying to execute something like "Chris" as a program
software
instructions that tell the computer what to do
ending program
set a predetermined amount in inputNumber that means stop the program, for example, if inputNumber = 0, stop program
assignment operator
= stores a variable in memory
Through input devices
data or facts
Variable
use when value will change
priming read/priming input
first read or data input in a program, if a program will read 100 data records, you read the 1st record in a statement separate from the 99, must do this to keep the program structured, COMMON MISTAKE FOR BEGINNER PROGRAMMERS
Step 6: Programming
Put the program into production- Test run with "real" data, Train the user, there are many ways to finalize an implementation, particularly if a conversion is also necessary
decision structure called...
If-then-else statements
6 steps to programming
Work backwards with programming. More cards about actual steps
output
after data has been processed, the resulting info is sent to some other output device for people to use
nesting
placing a structure within another structure
database
hold groups of files
Machine language
programming language uses a compiler to translate the specific programming language into machine language
repetition or iteration structures
another term for loop structure
stacking
attaching structures end-to-end
ASSEMBLY
step between binary and programming language
3 basic structures
sequence, selection, and looping
Step 4: Programming
Translate the code into Machine Learning- Eliminate syntax errors caught by reviewing the code; Eliminate syntax errors caught by the compiler; "Typos" are one of the most common syntactical errors; A program will not compile into an executable program until all syntax errors are corrected.
field
single data item such as lastName, streetAddress, or annualSalary
Files
groups of records that go together for some logical reason
CPU
hardware that performs these sorts of processing tasks
loop structure
you ask question, requires and action, perform the action, and ask the original question again, this continues until the answer to the question is no longer required; then you exit (fall out of) the structure
Records
group of fields that go together for some logical reason
Processing data (what's involved)
organizing | checking for accuracy | performing mathematical operations on them
Do until loop
ensure that the procedure executes at least once, then depending on the answer to the controlling question, the loop may or may not execute additional times, Do "A" until "b (decision)" isn't true
Structure
basic unit of programming logic, each structure is a sequence, selection, or loop
infinite loop
repeating flow of logic with no end
Section 2
(9 cards)