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Uredinales - rusts

memorize.ai (lvl 286)

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Section 1

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uredium stage

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Rust

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Last updated

6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (13)

Section 1

(13 cards)

uredium stage

Front

red rust stage! - on the wheat (P. graminis) aeciospores infect wheat and form uredia that contain urediospores (orangish-brown pustules on the wheat) urediospores will reinfect wheat to produce more uredia/urediospores

Back

telium stage

Front

black rust stage! - on wheat at the end of the summer, uredia starts to produce teliospores over time the uredium gradually becomes a telium, producing more teliospores teliospores undergo karyogamy and over winter

Back

Pine Blister Rust

Front

C. quercinum - heteroecious - primary host = white pine, secondary host = oak - 2 year life cycle - aecium (destructive stage) and sporangium on the primary host - uredia and telia on the secondary host

Back

Cedar Apple Rust

Front

G. juniperi - heteroecious - primary host = juniper/cedar, secondary host = apple - demicyclic (missing a stage) - NO UREDIA - 2 year life cycle

Back

Rust of Roses

Front

P. speciosum - autoecious - 1 host, only roses - macrocyclic - contains all 4 life cycle stage (aecia, uredia, telia, basidiospores) - urediospores cause the formation of telia that appear as cankers or sori on the stems of the roses

Back

Wheat rust life cycle

Front

P. graminis - heteroecious - primary host = wheat, secondary host = barberry - macrocyclic

Back

Pine Blister Rust life cycle

Front

oak passes basidiospores to the pine needles in the fall - spermatia infect pine stems - aeciospores are produce and infect oak leaves the following spring - uredia - telia - teliospores - teliospores go through karyogamy and then meiosis to produce basidiospores

Back

Crown Rust (oats)

Front

P. coronata - heteroecious - primary host = oats, secondary host = buckthorn - uredia and telia are the destructive phases

Back

major differences between Uredinales (rusts) and Ustilaginales (smuts)

Front

rusts: - no clamp connections - heteroecious - obligate biotroph (will extract their nutrients from living plant tissue only) - teliospores in telial sori smuts: - clamp connections are common - autoecious - facultative biotroph (if living plant tissue is unavailable it can feed in other ways) - teliospores will replace the host organs

Back

aecium stage

Front

- on barberry upside-down sac/cup-shaped structure on the lower surface of the barberry leaf - produces aeciospores that burst out and get dispersed in the wind aeciospores are the infective stage

Back

spermogonium stage

Front

- on barberry produces sex organs on the upper surface of the barberry leaf that produces spermatia - spermatia are flask-shaped and if one mating type adheres to the receptive hyphae of the opposite mating type it will start the dikaryon stage of the life cycle

Back

Cedar Apple Rust life cycle

Front

year 1: - telial horns on cedar produce teliospores - teliospores germinate and produce basidiospores (n) that infect apples in May - basidospores go through plasmogamy to produce aecia on apples - aeciospores from the apples infect the juniper/cedar in late summer or fall year 2: - aeciospore infection cause telial galls to form in the following spring - cedar galls (telial galls) produce telial horns

Back

basidiospore release stage

Front

in the following spring, meiosis occurs in the teliospores and produce a pro-mycelium (basidium) the basidia produce basidiospores of 2 mating types that infect barberry leaves

Back