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AP Anatomy Nervous

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Section 1

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Contrast gyri and sulci

Front

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Anatomy Science

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6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (33)

Section 1

(33 cards)

Contrast gyri and sulci

Front

Gyri are ridges and Sulci are grooves on the surface of the cerebrum

Back

What part of the brain in responsible for intellectual thinking and emotional processing?

Front

Frontal lobe of the cerebrum

Back

Describe the order of events in a nerve impulse

Front

1. The sodium/Potassium pump creates the resting potential 2. A stimulus is applies to the neuron 3. Sodium gated ion channels open allowing sodium to diffuse into the neuron depolarizing the membrane 4. Sodium channels close ans potassium channels open allowing potassium to diffuse out of the neuron, repolarizing the neuron 5. This wave of depolarization ans repolarization spreads down the neuron from dendrite to cell body to axon 6. The sodium/Potassium pump works to recreate the resting potential--refractory period

Back

What substance makes up white matter?

Front

Myelin

Back

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is called the "resting and digesting" system?

Front

Parasympathetic

Back

What ions are actively transported out of the cell during the resting potential?

Front

Sodium Ions

Back

What is a nerve impulse?

Front

A nerve impulse is a wave of depolarization and repolarization that moves down a neuron

Back

What is another name for Nerve Impulse?

Front

Action Potential

Back

A disease in which the myelin sheath is attacked by the patients own immune system. This causes slower nerve impulse and sometimes leads to short a circut of the impulse

Front

Multiple Scierosis

Back

What is a synapse?

Front

The point where two neurons meet

Back

What substances are released from axonal endings to propagate a nerve impulse?

Front

Neurotransmitters

Back

Why do neurons use excessive amounts of glucose from the blood?

Front

They need ATP to power the sodium/Potassium pump

Back

List the parts of a reflex arc starting from the stimiuls

Front

Receptor, Sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector

Back

What are the organs of the Central Nervous System?

Front

Brain and Spinal Cord

Back

What part of the brain controls the heart rate?

Front

Medulla Oblongata

Back

This disease typically affects people in their fifties and sixties. It results from a degeneration of the dopamine-releasing neurons of the substantia nigra. Afflicted individuals have a persistent tremor at rest, a forward walking posture, and a stiff facial expression

Front

Parkinson's disease

Back

What division of the PNS is responsible for the "fight or flight" response?

Front

Sympathetic NS

Back

Contrast the autonomic and somatic nervous systems

Front

Autonomic NS innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muslce, and glands. Somatic NS innervates skeletal muscles

Back

What substance allows for saltatory conduction?

Front

Myelin Sheath

Back

What is the tough leathery meningeal layer?

Front

Dura Mater

Back

What structure found on the plasma membrane uses ATP to create the resting potential?

Front

Sodium/Potassium Pump

Back

What is the function of the corpus callosum?

Front

It allows the two cerebral hemispheres to communicate with each other

Back

The diffusion of potassium outside the cell during impulse conduction causes.....

Front

repolarization

Back

What type of neural conduction is the fastest?

Front

Saltatory Conduction

Back

What division of the nervous system has the subdivisons sympathetic and parasympathetic?

Front

Autonomic

Back

What Structure secretes the cerebrospinal fluid within the brain?

Front

Choroid Plexus

Back

What parts of the brain functions to produce fine motor movements?

Front

Cerebellum

Back

What are the general names that describe most effectors in the body?

Front

Glands and Muscles

Back

Name this cell that connects neurons together and to its blood supply

Front

Astrocytes

Back

What are three parts of the brain stem?

Front

Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Back

What cells in the NS are responsible for impulse?

Front

Neurons

Back

This disease is associated with a shortage of acetylcholine and with structural changes in the brain, particularly the areas involved with thought and memory. Person maybe become irritable, moody, confused, and sometimes violent. Ultimately, hallucinations occur

Front

Alzheimer's disease

Back

What is the order of the meninges from the outermost layer to the innermost layer?

Front

Dura Mater, Arachnoid Mater, Pia Mater

Back