Section 1
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Article 1 Section 10
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Last updated
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Date created
Mar 14, 2020
Cards (90)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Article 1 Section 10
prohibits the states from several things. They cannot make their own money, or declare war, or do most of the other things prohibited Congress in Section 9. They cannot tax goods from other states, nor can they have navies.
liberal
open to new behavior or opinions and willing to discard traditional values. (left wing)
McCulloch v. Maryland
1819, Cheif justice john marshall limits of the US constition and of the authority of the federal and state govts. one side was opposed to establishment of a national bank and challenged the authority of federal govt to establish one. supreme court ruled that power of federal govt was supreme that of the states and the states couldnt interfere
Oligarchy
A government ruled by a few powerful people
G.K. Chesterton
America is a country with a soul of a church
Montesquieu
(1689-1755) wrote 'Spirit of the Laws', said that no single set of political laws was applicable to all - depended on relationship and variables, supported division of government
Article 4 of the Constitution
Outlines the rights and expectations for all states and citizens including the adding of new states
Reblublic
a government in which citizens rule indirectly and make government decisions through their elected representatives
demagogue
(n.) a leader who exploits popular prejudices and false claims and promises in order to gain power
Lemon v. Kurtzman
The 1971 Supreme Court decision that established that aid to church-related schools must (1) have a secular legislative purpose; (2) have a primary effect that neither advances nor inhibits religion; and (3) not foster excessive government entanglement with religion.
freedom of association
the right to join with others, share ideas, and work toward a common purpose
Amendment 10 (Bill of Rights)
States get certain powers and say for their state
Stamp Act
1765; law that taxed printed goods, including: playing cards, documents, newspapers, etc.
conservative
A person who believes government power, particularly in the economy, should be limited in order to maximize individual freedom. (right wing)
Compromise at the Convention
1- representation 2-Compromise on slavery (3/5 rep, no ban for 20 years) 3- compromise on president (single, electoral college)
Greece vs Galloway
(2014), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the court decided that the Town of Greece, New York may permit volunteer chaplains to open each legislative session with a prayer. The plaintiffs were Susan Galloway and Linda Stephens, represented by Americans United for Separation of Church and State. They argue that the prayers violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ruled against the town, and on May 20, 2013 the Supreme Court agreed to rule on the issue. On May 5, 2014, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 5-4 in favor of the Town of Greece, and that the town's practice of beginning legislative sessions with prayers does not violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.
Decloratory Act
act passed on same day as stamp act is repealed, asserts the right of parliament to make laws concerning the colonies
Tea Act of 1773
Law passed by parliament allowing the British East India Company to sell its low-cost tea directly to the colonies - undermining colonial tea merchants; led to the Boston Tea Party
Townshend Acts
laws passed in 1767 that taxed goods such as glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea
Referendum
an election in which citizens vote directly on an issue
Article 1 Section 8
lists specific powers of Congress, including the power to establish and maintain an army and navy, to establish post offices, to create courts, to regulate commerce between the states, to declare war, and to raise money. It also includes a clause known as the Elastic Clause which allows it to pass any law necessary for the carrying out of the previously listed powers.
Frech and Indian War
1755-1763
Everson v. Board of Education (1947)
the Supreme Court upheld a local government program that provided free transportation to parochial school students
Confederation
A joining of several groups for a common purpose.
Federalism
power is divided between national and state governments.
Bureaucratic Theory
A theory that appointed civil servants make the key governing decisions. "day-to-day decisions"
Social Movement Theory
emphasizes the power citizens can wield when they organize and rise up in protest—regardless of who is in control of day-to-day politics.
Autocracy
a system of government by one person with absolute power.
freedom of expression
right of people to speak, publish, and assemble
Elite Theory
theory that upper class elites exercise great influence over public policy
Free Exercise
In Reynolds v. US (1879), the Supreme Court denied this right to Reynolds because his religion's practice of polygamy violated federal law. (belief/action, sherbert)
Postive Liberty
the ability- and provisions of basic needs- to purse one's goals
Democracy
A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them
American Exceptionalism
The idea that the American experience was different or unique from others, and therefore America had a unique or special role in the world, such as a "city upon a hill."
New Jersey Plan
The proposal at the Constitutional Convention that called for equal representation of each state in Congress regardless of the state's population.
Establishment Clause
Clause in the First Amendment that says the government may not establish an official religion. (lemon test, neutrality, prayer in school)
What did Great Britain do to challenge the practice of home rule?
Felt they needed to tighten hold on America. Put in place laws and acts that regulated trade and navigation.
Colonial Home Rule
proposed by Benjamin Franklin in the Albany Congress, autonomy to elect own rule/govern, colonists thought it didn't give much independence while British officials thought it gave too much
Bicameral
A legislature consisting of two parts, or houses
Virginia Plan
By Madison, Proposal to create a strong national government relative to state government.
Mercantilism
An economic theory designed to increase a nation's wealth through the development of commercial industry and a favorable balance of trade.
Anti-Federalists
Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states were contemplating its adoption. (small republic)
pluralist theory
the theory that political power is distributed among a wide array of diverse and competing interest groups. Getting influence from group's organization, resources, and connections.
Federalists
Supporters of the U.S. Constitution at the time the states were contemplating its adoption. (large republic)
How did the colonists react to Great Britain's tighter rein. (Acts)
Ignored regulations, Boston tea party, First Congressional Congress (1774)
Unitary
A government that gives all key powers to the national or central government
Unicameral
One-house legislature
Sugar Act of 1764
An act that raised tax revenue in the colonies for the crown. It also increased the duty on foreign sugar imported from the West Indies.
sunshine laws
legislation opening the process of bureaucratic policymaking to the public
Negative Liberty
Freedom from constraints or the interference of others
Section 2
(40 cards)