Section 1
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help(function name)
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Last updated
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Date created
Mar 1, 2020
Cards (84)
Section 1
(50 cards)
help(function name)
Displays the documentation for a function
What happens if you try to include both numbers and strings in a vector?
R converts the number to a string.
mean (x)
Function that calculates the mean
any ()
function that tests any element of a vector is TRUE in comparison.
n:m
expression which creates a simple n+1 sequence
Task views
where to find out what packages may be useful for a given situation.
c(...)
Operator used to create a vector.
cat
An alternative to the print function that let's you combine multiple items Into a continuous output.
??keyword
Shortcut for keyword search of documentation. Does not use quotation marks.
/n
New line character. Used with the cat function for example.
vec [x:y]
selects elements x through y of vector vec.
ctrl- c
Interrupt R without terminating it
help.start()
view R documentation table of contents.
<-
Assignment operator.
x <- rnorm(50)
store 50 numbers with normal distribution in x
what does R do with negative indexes such as [-1] ?
Excludes them
RSiteSearch("keyword")
Search the R site and mailing list for information without leaving R.
_____ tells R to ignore NA values
na.rm=TRUE
help(solve)
get more information about the function "solve". An alternative command ?solve
help(package="packagename")
Displays information on a particular package.
log(w)
returns the log of each element within vector w
all ()
function that tests if all elements of a vector is TRUE in comparison.
vec[c(w,y,z)]
selects non-sequential elements w,y,z from within vector vec.
rm()
Removes variables and functions and their structure.
q()
quit the R program
cor (x,y)
Function that calculates the correlation between two vectors.
plot(x, y)
plot points on a plane from set x and y
____ causes functions to return NA or even halt altogether.
NA values in vector argument
help.search("keyword")
Performs a keyword search of the R documentation.
sd (x)
Function that calculates the standard deviation.
ls()
Show what variables have been defined in the workspace
boolean values TRUE and FALSE are called ___________ ________ in R.
logical values
function to create a series of repeated values.
rep(x, times=y)
ls()
Shows those R objects which are in current R workspace . Alt command: objects()
?
Shortcut to the help command.
example(function name)
provides an example of a function
vignettes
Additional documentation such as introductions, tutorials, or refererence cards that are installed on your computer when you install a package.
____ function to create a sequence (a to b) with an increment other than 1 (c).
seq (from=a, to=b, by=c)
vec [x]
selects xth element of vector vec.
vignette("vignettename")
View a particular vignette
rm(x, y)
remove objects (x and y)
args(function name)
Shows the arguments for a function.
vignette()
See a list of all vignettes on your computer.
{ }
delimits the start and end of the body of a multi-line function
cov (x,y)
Function that calculates the covariance between two vectors
var (x)
Function that calculates the variance.
vignette(package="package name")
View the vignette for a particular package.
sqrt(w)
returns the square root of each elements within vector w
ls.str()
Show variables and their structure that have been defined in the workspace.
x<- 1:20
make sequence x=(1,2,..., 20)
Section 2
(34 cards)