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Behavioral Science I - Object Recognition

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Section 1

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What does bottom-up (data driven) processing entail?

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6 years ago

Date created

Mar 1, 2020

Cards (15)

Section 1

(15 cards)

What does bottom-up (data driven) processing entail?

Front

This entails taking individual sensory stimuli and combining them to create a cohesive image to determine what an object is (combines parallel processing and feature detection)

Back

This general guideline states that perceptual organization will always be as regular, symmetric, and simple as possible.

Front

Law of Pragnanz

Back

What is a benefit of top-down processing?

Front

This allows is to quickly recognize an object without needing to analyze the specific parts

Back

What do parvocellular cells detect?

Front

These cells detect a high color spatial resolution i.e., fine details when examining an object

Back

Label the Gestalt principle: When a space is enclosed by a contour, it tends to be perceived as a closed figure.

Front

Law of closure

Back

Label the Gestalt principle: Objects grouped together seem to be perceived as a unit Birds flying in the same direction are grouped to be a flock

Front

Law of proximity

Back

What would it be like if we only used top-down or bottom-up processing? What is perceptual organization?

Front

Either very difficult to discriminate between objects or as if one was looking at an object for the first time. Perceptual organization is the utilization of BOTH these processes together to gather information about an object.

Back

What do magnocellular cells detect?

Front

These cells detect motion of objects

Back

Label the Gestalt principle: Perceiving contours and therefore shapes that are actually not present in the stimulus I.e., white diamond seen in the outline of a black square with shapes around it

Front

Subjective countours

Back

A blur of a baseball whizzes by you. Did this involve temporal or spatial resolution?

Front

Temporal, as it refers to the motion of the object with respect to time

Back

We perceive a white piece of paper as "white" no matter if it is in fluorescent, incandescent, or sunlight. What term does this refer to?

Front

Constancy, or the idea we perceive certain characteristic of objects to remain the same

Back

What does top-down (conceptually driven) processing entail?

Front

This is driven by memories and expectations that allow the brain to recognize the entire object and then recognize components based on those expectations.

Back

Label the Gestalt principle: Objects that appear to follow the same pathway are grouped together Rows of parked cars are grouped rather than two cars facing each other every few feet

Front

Law of good continuation

Back

In general, what are the Gestalt principles?

Front

These are the ways for the brain to infer missing parts of a picture when a picture is incomplete.

Back

Label the Gestalt principle: Objects that are similar tend to be grouped together

Front

Law of similarity

Back