Section 1
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Subscapularis Origin/Insertion/Action
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Date created
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Cards (71)
Section 1
(50 cards)
Subscapularis Origin/Insertion/Action
Origin: subscapular fossa Insertion: lesser tuberosity Action: medially rotates the arm
superior oblique of eye
Rotates eyeball inferiorly and laterally (depresses and abducts)
Biceps brachii Origin/Insertion/Action
Origin: supraglenoid tuberacle; coracoid process Insertion: radial tuberosity Action: Flexes arm & flexes forearm
Deep Muscles
Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus
extensor digiti minimi ("lateralis" in cat)
A: extends 5th digit and wrist
Pectoralis minor Insertion/Origin/Action
Origin: ribs 3,4,5 Insertion: coracoid process of scapula Action: Protracts and depresses scapula
Brachialis O/I/A
O: distal anterior humerus I: coronoid process of ulna A: Flexes forearm
Infraspinatus Origin/Insertion/Action
Origin: infraspinous fossa Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus Action: Adducts and lateral rotation of humerus
Rhomboids (major and minor) Insertion/Origin/Action
Origin: spinous process of C7-T5 Insertion: medial border of scapula Action: Elevates and retracts scapula; inferior rotation of scapula
Superficial Muscles of Ant/Post. Thorax Movement of the Scapula
Trapezius Latissimus Dorsi Serratus Anterior Pectoralis Minor Rhomboids (Major and Minor)
Transversus abdominis
O: iliac crest, cartilages of inferior 6 ribs I: linea alba and pubic crest A: Flexion of vertebral column; lateral flexion
Pronator teres O/I/A
O: medial epicondyle of humerus & coronoid process of ulna I: lateral radius A: Pronates forearm
Extensor digitorum
O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus I: distal & middle phalanges of digits 2-5 A: Extends digits 2-5 and wrist
internal intercostals action
depresses ribs for forced expiration
Muscles of the abdominal wall: trunk movements and compression of abdominal viscera Special note: Linea alba : not a muscle, a connective tissue line running vertically; "white line"
Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominis
inferior oblique of eye
Rotates eyeball superiorly and laterally (elevates and abducts)
Muscles Crossing elbow joint-flexion and extension of forearm
Biceps brachii Brachialis Triceps brachii Brachioradialis
diaphragm origin, insertion, action
Origin: cartilages of lowest ribs, lumbar vertebrae Insertion: central tendon Action: Prime muscle of inspiration (flattens on contraction)
Eye- 6 extrinsic eye muscles (move eyeball) These names sound a lot like those of the abdominals! Take care to note the differences in their names! All originate at the "annular ring" deep in the orbit. Be careful about the actions of the two oblique muscles. They turn the eye in a direction you wouldn't expect!
Superior rectus Inferior rectus Medial rectus Lateral rectus Superior oblique Inferior oblique
Deltoid Origin/Insertion/Action
Origin: clavicle, acromion and scapular spine Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action: Flex & medially rotate; Abducts; extend and laterally rotate humerus
Supraspinatus Origin/Insertion/Action
Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus Action: Abducts humerus
Teres Minor (synergist to infraspinatus) Origin/Insertion/Action
Origin: lateral border of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Action: Adducts and lateral rotation of humerus
superior rectus of eye
A: Rotates eyeball superiorly and medially (elevates and adducts)
Pectoralis Major Origin/Insertion/Action
Origin: Clavicle, sternum, ribs 2-6 cartilage Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus Action: Flexes, adducts and medially rotates arm
Teres Major Origin/Insertion/Action
Origin: Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus Action: (synergist to latissimus dorsi) extends, adducts and medially rotates arm
Extensor Carpi radialis (longus and brevis)
O: Supracondylar ridge and Lateral epicondyle of humerus I: Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal A: Extends and abducts wrist
Deep Muscles of the Thorax: Breathing
External Intercostals Internal intercostals Diaphragm (innervated by phrenic nerve: " C3, C4, C5- keeps the diaphragm alive")
Muscles of the Head: Facial Expression Special Note: Epicranius: Bipartite muscle consisting of a frontal belly and occipital belly attached by galea aponeurotica (an aponeurosis, which is a sheet of connective tissue; a flat tendon)
Frontal belly Occipital belly
flexor carpi ulnaris O/I/A
O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: Pisiform and hamate and fith metacarpal A: flexes wrist, adducts hand
Latissimus dorsi Insertion/Origin/Action
Origin: Via thoracolumbar fascia, the spinous processes of T7-T12, ribs 8-12, iliac crest Insertion: intertubercular groove of humerus Action: Extends, adducts and medially rotates arm ("swimmer's muscle")
Brachioradialis O/I/A
O: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus I: styloid process of radius A: Flexes forearm
inferior rectus of eye
A: Rotates eyeball inferiorly and medially (depresses and adducts)
Abductor pollicis longus
abducts thumb
Trapezius Insertion/Origin/Action
Origin: Occipital bone, spine of C7 and all thoracic vertebrae Insertion: Spine and acromion of scapula, lateral clavicle Action: Elevates, rotates, retracts, and depress scapula
external oblique
O: inferior 8 ribs I: linea alba and iliac crest A: Flexion and rotation of vertebral column; lateral flexion
Serratus anterior Insertion/Origin/Action
Origin: Ribs 1-8 Insertion: anterior aspect of medial (vertebral) border of scapula Action:Protracts and rotates scapula superiorly ("boxer's muscle")
Muscles of forearm: movements of the wrist, hand, and fingers Special note: Flexor and extensor retinaculum: These are not muscles, rather, connective tissue straps around wrist ("retainers").These "wrist bands" keep tendons from bulging outward when their respective muscles are contracted
Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis palmaris longus flexor carpi ulnaris
palmaris longus O/I/A
O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: Flexor retinaculum & palmar aponeurosis A: weak flexor of wrist
Extensor pollicis longus
extends thumb
Internal oblique
O: Lumbar fascia; inguinal ligament; iliac crest I: inferior 4 ribs; linea alba; pubic crest A: Flexion and rotation of vertebral column; lateral flexion
Triceps Brachii O/I/A
O: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula & posterior humerus I: olecranon process of the ulna A: Extends forearm; Extends & adducts arm
Rectus Abdominus
O: Superior surface of pubis near symphysis I: Costal cartilages of ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process A: Flexes vertebral column
Extensor carpi ulnaris
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: 5th metacarpal A: Extends and adducts wrist
lateral rectus of eye
Rotates eyeball laterally (abducts)
Flexor carpi radialis O/I/A
O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals- tendon easily seen to guide taking pulse of radial artery A: Flexes wrist; abducts hand
External Intercostals Action
elevates ribs during inspiration
medial rectus of eye
Rotates eyeball medially (adducts)
extensor pollicis brevis
extends thumb
Posterior Compartment Special Note: Brachioradialis: This is a muscle that originates well up in the arm, travels posteriorly, yet can be readily seen on the anterior-lateral surface.
Extensor carpi radialis (longus and brevis) Extensor digitorum extensor digiti minimi ("lateralis" in cat) Extensor carpi ulnaris
Muscles crossing the shoulder joint: Movements of the humerus
Supraspinatus Infraspinatus subscapularis teres major teres minor (synergist to infraspinatus) pectoralis major Deltoid
Section 2
(21 cards)